Empirical wavelet transform-based delineator for arterial blood pressure waveforms

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omkar Singh ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Sunkaria
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Peak Detection ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Cardiac Chamber ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Average Error Rate ◽  
Empirical Wavelet Transform

AbstractArterial blood pressure (ABP) waveforms provide plenty of pathophysiological information about the cardiovascular system. ABP pulse analysis is a routine process used to investigate the health status of the cardiovascular system. ABP pulses correspond to the contraction and relaxation phenomena of the human heart. The contracting or pumping phase of the cardiac chamber corresponds to systolic pressure, whereas the resting or filling phase of the cardiac chamber corresponds to diastolic pressure. An ABP waveform commonly comprises systolic peak, diastolic onset, dicrotic notch, and dicrotic peak. Automatic ABP delineation is extremely important for various biomedical applications. In this paper, a delineator for onset and systolic peak detection in ABP signals is presented. The algorithm uses a recently developed empirical wavelet transform (EWT) for the delineation of arterial blood pulses. EWT is a new mathematical tool used to decompose a given signal into different modes and is based on the design of an adaptive wavelet filter bank. The performance of the proposed delineator is evaluated and validated over ABP waveforms of standard databases, such as the MIT-BIH Polysomnoghaphic Database, Fantasia Database, and Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care Database. In terms of pulse onset detection, the proposed delineator achieved an average error rate of 0.11%, sensitivity of 99.95%, and positive predictivity of 99.92%. In a similar manner for systolic peak detection, the proposed delineator achieved an average error rate of 0.10%, sensitivity of 99.96%, and positive predictivity of 99.92%.

scholarly journals Detection of Onset, Systolic Peak and Dicrotic Notch in Arterial Blood Pressure Pulses

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omkar Singh ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Sunkaria
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dicrotic Notch ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Empirical Wavelet Transform ◽  
Pressure Pulses

In this paper, we proposed an effective method for detecting fiducial points in arterial blood pressure pulses. An arterial blood pressure pulse normally consists of onset, systolic peak and dicrotic notch. Detection of fiducial points in blood pressure pulses is a critical task and has many potential applications. The proposed method employs empirical wavelet transform for locating the systolic peak and onset of blood pressure pulse. The proposed method first estimates the fundamental frequency of blood pressure pulse using empirical wavelet transform and utilizes the combination of the blood pressure pulse and the estimated frequency for locating onset and systolic peak. For dicrotic notch detection, it utilizes the first-order difference of blood pressure pulse. The algorithm was validated on various open-source databases and was tested on a data set containing 12,230 beats. Two benchmark parameters such as sensitivity and positive predictivity were used for the performance evaluation. The comparison results for accuracy of the detection of systolic peak, onset and dicrotic notch are reported. The proposed method attained a sensitivity and positive predictivity of 99.95% and 99.97%, respectively, for systolic peaks. For onsets, it attained a sensitivity and predictivity of 99.88% and 99.92%, respectively. For dicrotic notches, a sensitivity and positive predictivity of 98.98% and 98.81% were achieved, respectively.

Cardiovascular Effects of Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1253-1261
Author(s):  
Mourad Akdad ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Arterial Blood

Aims: The present study was performed in order to analyze the antihypertensive activity of Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb. Background: Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb is an aromatic and medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. This herb is used to treat various pathologies such as cardiovascular disorders. Meanwhile, its pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system have not been studied. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of aerial parts of Micromeria graeca (AEMG) on the cardiovascular system in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Methods: In this study, the cardiovascular effect of AEMG was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro investigations. In order to assess the acute effect of AEMG on the cardiovascular system, anesthetized L-NAME-hypertensive and normotensive rats received AEMG (100 mg/kg) orally and arterial blood pressure parameters were monitored during six hours. In the sub-chronic study, rats were orally treated for one week, followed by blood pressure assessment during one week of treatment. Blood pressure was measured using a tail-cuff and a computer-assisted monitoring device. In the second experiment, isolated rat aortic ring pre-contracted with Epinephrine (EP) or KCl was used to assess the vasorelaxant effect of AEMG. Results: Oral administration of AEMG (100 mg/kg) provoked a decrease of arterial blood pressure parameters in hypertensive rats. In addition, AEMG induced a vasorelaxant effect in thoracic aortic rings pre-contracted with EP (10 μM) or KCl (80 mM). This effect was attenuated in the presence of propranolol and methylene blue. While in the presence of glibenclamide, L-NAME, nifedipine or Indomethacin, the vasorelaxant effect was not affected. Conclusion: This study showed that Micromeria graeca possesses a potent antihypertensive effect and relaxes the vascular smooth muscle through β-adrenergic and cGMP pathways.

Image Processing Based on Three-Dimensional Stereo Vision

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 5017-5020
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Stereoscopic Vision ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Average Error Rate

Three-dimensional stereo vision technology has the capability of overcoming drawbacks influencing by light, posture and occluder. A novel image processing method is proposed based on three-dimensional stereoscopic vision, which optimizes model on the basis of camera binocular vision and in improvement of adding constraints to traditional model, moreover ensures accuracy of later location and recognition. To verify validity of the proposed method, firstly marking experiments are conducted to achieve fruit location, with the result of average error rate of 0.65%; and then centroid feature experiments are achieved with error from 5.77mm to 68.15mm and reference error rate from 1.44% to 5.68%, average error rate of 3.76% while the distance changes from 300mm to 1200mm. All these data of experiments demonstrate that proposed method meets the requirements of three-dimensional imageprocessing.

Detection of Microbubbles Using the Hough Transform

2013 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Mitani ◽  
Toshitaka Oki
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Hough Transform ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Image Processing Techniques ◽  
Average Error Rate ◽  
Processing Techniques

The microbubble has been widely used and shown to be effective in various fields. Therefore, there is an importance of measuring accurately its size by image processing techniques. In this paper, we propose a detection method of microbubbles by the approach based on the Hough transform. Experimental results show only 4.49% of the average error rate of the undetected microbubbles and incorrectly detected ones. This low percentage of the error rate shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Spin Wave Based Approximate 4:2 Compressor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulqader Mahmoud ◽  
Frederic Vanderveken ◽  
Florin Ciubotaru ◽  
Christoph Adelmann ◽  
Said Hamdioui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Directional Coupler ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Majority Gate ◽  
Micromagnetic Simulations ◽  
Average Error Rate

In this paper, we propose an energy efficient SW based approximate 4:2 compressor comprising a 3-input and a 5-input Majority gate. We validate our proposal by means of micromagnetic simulations, and assess and compare its performance with one of the state-of-the-art SW, 45nm CMOS, and Spin-CMOS counterparts. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed compressor consumes 31.5\% less energy in comparison with its accurate SW design version. Furthermore, it has the same energy consumption and error rate as the approximate compressor with Directional Coupler (DC), but it exhibits 3x lower delay. In addition, it consumes 14% less energy, while having 17% lower average error rate than the approximate 45nm CMOS counterpart. When compared with the other emerging technologies, the proposed compressor outperforms approximate Spin-CMOS based compressor by 3 orders of magnitude in term of energy consumption while providing the same error rate. Finally, the proposed compressor requires the smallest chip real-estate measured in terms of devices.

scholarly journals Rhythmic Breath Holding and Its Effect on Arterial Blood Pressure and Its Correlation With Blood Gases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Bhandari ◽  
Manisha Mavai ◽  
Yogendra Raj Singh ◽  
Bharati Mehta ◽  
Omlata Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Maximum Inspiration

A single episode of breath-holding (BH) is known to elevate the blood pressure, and regular breathing exercise lowers the blood pressure. This prompted us to investigate how a series of BH epochs would affect the cardiovascular system. To observe arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) changes associated with a series of “BH epochs” following maximum inspiration and maximum expiration and find the underlying mechanisms for the change by autonomic activity. Thirty-five healthy young adults were instructed to hold their breath repetitively, for 5 minutes, in two patterns, one following maximum inspiration and other following maximum expiration. ABP and ECG (for Heart Rate Variability) were continuously recorded at rest and during both the maneuvers. Capillary blood gases (BG) were zanalyzed at baseline and at the breakpoint of the last epoch of BH. ABP rose significantly at the breakpoint during both the maneuvers. No change in HR was observed. There was significant fall in PO2 from 94.7 (4.1) mmHg at baseline to 79.1 (9.0) mmHg during inspiratory and 76.90 (12.1) mmHg during expiratory BH. Similarly, SPO2 decreased from 96.3 (1.9) % at baseline to 95.4 (1.5) % and 94.5 (2.7) % during inspiratory and expiratory BH, respectively. Rise in PCO2 from 39.5(3.1) mmHg at baseline to 42.9 (2.7) mmHg and 42.1 (2.8) mmHg during inspiratory and expiratory BH respectively was observed. There was no significant correlation between blood gases and arterial blood pressure. Among HRV parameters, a significant decrease in SDNN, RMSSD, HFnu, total power and SD1/SD2 and the significant increase in LFnu, LF/HF and SD2 were observed during both BH patterns. Rhythmic BH patterns affect the cardiovascular system in similar way as a single episode of BH. Sympathetic overactivity could be the postulated mechanism for the same. © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. Acta Med Iran 2019;57(8):492-498.

scholarly journals Spin Wave Based Approximate Computing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulqader Mahmoud ◽  
Frederic Vanderveken ◽  
Florin Ciubotaru ◽  
Christoph Adelmann ◽  
Said Hamdioui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Magnetic Tunnel Junction ◽  
Domain Wall Motion ◽  
Full Adder ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Approximate Computing ◽  
Average Error Rate

By their very nature Spin Waves (SWs) enable the realization of energy efficient circuits as they propagate and interfere within waveguides without consuming noticeable energy. However, SW computing can be even more energy efficient by taking advantage of the approximate computing paradigm as many applications are error-tolerant like multimedia and social media. In this paper we propose an ultra-low energy novel Approximate Full Adder (AFA) and a 2-bit inputs Multiplier (AMUL). The approximate FA consists of one Majority gate while the approximate MUL is built by means of 3 AND gates. We validate the correct functionality of our proposal by means of micromagnetic simulations and evaluate the approximate FA figure of merit against state-of-the-art accurate SW, 7nm CMOS, Spin Hall Effect (SHE), Domain Wall Motion (DWM), accurate and approximate 45nm CMOS, Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ), and Spin-CMOS FA implementations. Our results indicate that AFA consumes 43% and 33% less energy than state-of-the-art accurate SW and 7nm CMOS FA, respectively, and saves 69% and 44% when compared with accurate and approximate 45nm CMOS, respectively, and provides a 2 orders of magnitude energy reduction when compared with accurate SHE, accurate and approximate DWM, MTJ, and Spin-CMOS, counterparts. In addition, it achieves the same error rate as approximate 45nm CMOS and Spin-CMOS FA whereas it exhibits 50% less error rate than the approximate DWM FA. Furthermore, it outperforms its contenders in terms of area by saving at least 29% chip real-estate. AMUL is evaluated and compared with state-of-the-art accurate SW and 16nm CMOS accurate and approximate state-of-the-art designs. The evaluation results indicate that it saves at least 2x and 5x energy in comparison with the state-of-the-art SW designs and 16nm CMOS accurate and approximate designs, respectively, and has an average error rate of 10%, while the approximate CMOS MUL has an average error rate of 12.5%, and requires at least 64% less chip real-estate.

24-hour homeodynamic states of arterial blood pressure and pulse interval in conscious rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 754-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Janssen ◽  
C. M. Tyssen ◽  
H. A. Struijker Boudier ◽  
P. M. Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

In models that describe the homeostasis of the circulation, arterial blood pressure is usually expressed as a single value, which is regarded as the set point in such systems. The aim of the study was to identify in rats from 24-h beat-to-beat recordings the value of blood pressure that describes best such a set point of the cardiovascular system. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), kept on a 12:12-h lights on-off cycle, were instrumented for computerized 24-h beat-to-beat recording of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse interval (PI). Three-dimensional frequency distributions were constructed by plotting for each beat its MAP vs. its PI. During the dark period, the concurrent distribution of MAP and PI showed two distinct modes while during the light period a single mode was found. Comparable patterns were found in SHRs and WKYs. These three different modes were significantly different from the mathematically calculated mean values of MAP and PI over these periods. Thus in rats the 24-h behavior of the cardiovascular system is better described by dynamic shifts between different modes (homeodynamic states) than by a single set point.

scholarly journals Soil water content estimation using ground penetrating radar data via group intelligence optimization algorithms: An application in the Northern Shaanxi Coal Mining Area

2020 ◽  
pp. 014459872097336
Author(s):  
Fan Cui ◽  
Jianyu Ni ◽  
Yunfei Du ◽  
Yuxuan Zhao ◽  
Yingqing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Volumetric Water Content ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Average Error Rate ◽  
Ground Penetrating

The determination of quantitative relationship between soil dielectric constant and water content is an important basis for measuring soil water content based on ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology. The calculation of soil volumetric water content using GPR technology is usually based on the classic Topp formula. However, there are large errors between measured values and calculated values when using the formula, and it cannot be flexibly applied to different media. To solve these problems, first, a combination of GPR and shallow drilling is used to calibrate the wave velocity to obtain an accurate dielectric constant. Then, combined with experimental moisture content, the intelligent group algorithm is applied to accurately build mathematical models of the relative dielectric constant and volumetric water content, and the Topp formula is revised for sand and clay media. Compared with the classic Topp formula, the average error rate of sand is decreased by nearly 15.8%, the average error rate of clay is decreased by 31.75%. The calculation accuracy of the formula has been greatly improved. It proves that the revised model is accurate, and at the same time, it proves the rationality of the method of using GPR wave velocity calibration method to accurately calculate the volumetric water content.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document