Interests need not be pursued if they can be created: private governance in African gold mining

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainsley D. Elbra

Mining companies are increasingly seen as co-governors of sub-Saharan Africa's gold mining industries, sharing sovereignty with states through private governance initiatives. Using interviews with company executives from the continent's largest gold mining firms this paper highlights the private authority of these firms vis-à-vis the state. This paper firstly examines the globalization and governance literature, focusing on why states share sovereignty with non-state actors. Secondly, a “three faces of power” framework is employed to understand how authority is exercised. Thirdly, private governance regimes specific to the mining industry are outlined. Finally, individuals’ and firms’ attitudes towards these private governance regimes are examined through an analysis of elite interviews. The theoretical and empirical analysis demonstrates that firms are formulating rules in order to increase certainty and reduce investment risk. These firms are engaging in private governance initiatives to build reputations as industry experts thereby controlling the regulation of their sector, rather than sharing authority with states.

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
Irina Kradenykh

The gold mining industry of the Russian Far East has a great development potential, whose economic growth largely depends on the efficiency of developing a unique mineral resource base. To do this, it is necessary to solve a number of tasks, including the management and organization of economic activities of enterprises engaged in the extraction of placer gold in medium and small volumes. Gold mining companies themselves positively assess the prospects for the development of the industry, despite the preservation of external restrictions imposed by Western countries. At the same time, the current position of the modern gold mining industry is determined not only by the state of the Russian economy, but also by a number of branch features related to the management of gold mining at the enterprise level. At the present time, there are increasing questions about the feasibility of consolidation of small and medium mining enterprises, which will allow them to overcome current trends in the economic development of the industry, by combining their own resources. At the same time, in practice, reverse phenomena are observed, indicating that the industry is segmented and the number of mining companies developing placer deposits is gradually increasing. However, consolidation processes, in the form of integration associations, represent one of the directions of development and effective functioning of Russian gold mining enterprises, therefore they require comprehensive research and remain relevant.


Author(s):  
V. T. Borisovich ◽  
Z. M. Nazarova ◽  
B. S. Madzhidov

The essence of the gold loan and its role in the formation of the market of the precious metals have been considered. The gold mining companies are stated to be the main users of the borrowed gold. The main uses of the gold loans have been presented, including uses by gold mining companies, for the development of the mining industry and refinancing the debt. The modern problems of the functioning of the market for gold loans have been considered. The role of Central and commercial banks in the development of the market for gold loans has been reflected. The mechanism of the operation of the gold loan has been represented. The benefits of the gold credit for the gold mining industry compared to a conventional loan have been reflected.


2021 ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
В.М. Заернюк ◽  
Ю.В. Забайкин ◽  
А.С. Давшан

Современная горнодобывающая отрасль – это технологически продвинутый сектор, которому нужна квалифицированная рабочая сила. Мировой спрос на соответствующих специалистов ставит перед многими компаниями отрасли сложные задачи, и золотодобывающие компании не является исключением. В статье на основе открытых источников сайтов золотодобывающих компаний РФ сделан анализ действующих практик ряда ведущих компаний золотодобычи по выработке новых моделей организации обучения, переподготовки работников. Показан положительный опыт компаний Полюс и Полиметалл по обучению работников, благодаря чему осуществляется непрерывный процесс создания команды профессионалов, навыки которых помогли им выйти на лидирующие позиции в отрасли. Результаты этого анализа могут быть использованы на различных уровнях организации обучения кадров на предприятиях золотодобывающей сферы. Анализ современных исследований показал малочисленность сведений, раскрывающих специфику обучения работников золотодобывающих компаний, на преодоление этого пробела и направлено наше исследование. С целью определения эффективного опыта золотодобывающих предприятий по выработке новых моделей организации обучения, переподготовки работников в рамках настоящего исследования проведен анализ официальных сайтов ведущих золотодобывающих компаний России – ПАО «Полюс», Компания «Полиметалл», АО Чукотская ГТК», АО «Южуралзолото» ГК «Петропавловск», АО «Павлик», ПАО «Сусманзолото», и ПАО «Селигдар» The modern mining industry is a technologically advanced sector that needs a skilled workforce. The global demand for relevant professionals poses challenges for many companies in the industry, and gold mining companies are no exception. The article analyzes the current practices of a number of leading gold mining companies to develop new models for organizing training and retraining of employees on the basis of open source sites of gold mining companies of the Russian Federation. The positive experience of Polyus and Polymetal companies in training employees is shown, thanks to which a continuous process of creating a team of professionals is carried out, whose skills have helped them to reach a leading position in the industry. The results of this analysis can be used at various levels of organization of personnel training at gold mining enterprises. The analysis of modern research has shown the paucity of information that reveals the specifics of training employees of gold mining companies, and our research is aimed at overcoming this gap. In order to determine the effective experience of gold mining enterprises in developing new models for organizing training and retraining of employees, this study analyzes the official websites of the leading gold mining companies in Russia-PJSC Polyus, Polymetal, JSC Chukotka SCC, JSC Yuzhuralzoloto, Petropavlovsk Group of Companies, JSC Pavlik, PJSC Susmanzoloto, and PJSC Seligdar.»


2018 ◽  
pp. 679-691
Author(s):  
Pavel S. Grebenyuk ◽  

This paper explores the problem of gold mining output in the Russian empire in 1901-1917 drawing on published and archival data. The aim of the study is to clarify indicators of gold mining production, since in the leading studies the data vary due to the peculiarities of metal accounting. It draws on published materials and archival documents of the State Institute for Design of Enterprises of Gold and Platinum Industry of the Glavzoloto of the People's Commissariat of Nonferrous Metallurgy (Giprozoloto), prepared in 1944 as a ‘Collection of Materials on the Gold Industry: 1493 - 1943’ and stored in the State Archive of the Magadan Region. Materials of the Giprozoloto Institute contain calculations of gold production in Russia and the USSR from 1745 to 1943, as well as technical and economic information on national gold mining industry in the early 20th century. The analysis shows that gold mining indices in scientific literature and sources are given according to data from gold log-books or gold-smelting laboratories. Gold log-books did not reflect the volume of actual mining, they only showed the gold registered in mines; moreover, some gold was withheld, and then came in to laboratories for alloy. Accounting for metal in the gold-smelting laboratories showed higher and more accurate production figures, since it included artisanal mining gold. However, as the source study demonstrates, figures of gold production in 1901-1917 according to the Giprozoloto Institute (805.4 tons) and according to L.B. Kafengauz (814.6 tons) based on data of gold-smelting laboratories and incorporated volumes of uncleaned bullion gold entered in there. The results of the study change the views on the volume of gold mining in Russia in this period that prevail in the historiography. It should be noted, that according to calculations, confirmed indicators of industrial production of chemically pure gold in Russia in 1901-1917 amounted to 682.5 tons. Final figures of gold industry of the period in amount of chemically pure gold obtained in gold-smelting laboratories corresponded to indices of value of gold production used in the analysis industry dynamics, and is considered correct, when compared with the USSR gold-mining indices.


Author(s):  
Vadim Shakherov

The article studies the issues of development of gold mining in the Leno-Vitimsky district in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. Monopolization of the fisheries has led to the emergence of large joint stock companies. Bank investments played a crucial role in expanding gold production and developing mining infrastructure. Lending to large gold industry contributed to the growth of the influence of the Irkutsk branch of the state Bank of Russia, increased its role in the economic life of the region. Large Bank investments led to the expansion of gold-bearing areas and contributed to the introduction of new technologies and technical devices in the mines. The article traces specific examples of the investment policy of the state Bank of Russia and the role of its regional branches in Irkutsk and Bodaybo. The constant increase in the cost of developing new mines, supply, hiring workers and purchasing equipment increased competition and helped monopolize the industry. As a result, large Bank loans played a more significant role. The state Bank of Russia not only saved «Lensky Gold Industrial Partnership» from financial collapse, but also contributed to its transformation into the largest gold mining enterprise in Russia with its favorable investment policy. By controlling the activities of «Lenzoto», the state, through Bank investments, not only received significant profits, but also strengthened its influence in the gold mining industry as an important area of the Russian financial system.


Author(s):  
Eduard Barinov

The article discusses the state of the precious metals market. The main focus is on the gold market, namely, production, demand, and prices. The role of Central banks in the precious metals market is noted. The state of the gold market in certain Western countries is analyzed. The role of London as a global center of gold is noted. The gold market in Russia is considered separately: the production of precious metal, the role of banks, the country,s Central Bank, and gold mining companies. Data on the state of the silver, platinum and palladium markets are provided.


2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Fonseca Moreira Castro ◽  
Hernani Mota de Lima ◽  
José Cruz do Carmo Flôres

Despite closure regulations being recent in Brazil, many mining companies are attempting to adopt best practice and are facing the challenge of closing their mines properly instead of simply complying with current legislation or abandoning the mine site. This paper summarizes mine closure according to both the Brazilian legislation and the "Deliberação Normativa" COPAM Nº 127, that establishes the directives and procedures for environmental assessment at the mine closure stage. Even with the lack of laws and regulations addressing mine closure, the Brazilian mining industry today is at the forefront of environmental impact minimisation techniques. Some case studies in Minas Gerais State, two of them located in the Iron Quadrangle, provide excellent evidence of the industry's rehabilitation expertise. This paper presents an overview of mine closure legislation in Brazil and in the State of Minas Gerais and gives some examples of mine closure programmes in effect. It is intended to highlight the changes on mine closure requirements as well as the best practices on mine closure in the State.


2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Bukowski

AbstractWater hazard has been accompanying underground mining since the first mines were built. The hazard is particularly often in the areas of mines situated in hydrogeologically outcropped part of USCB and in water rich formations of Cracow Sandstone Series. To plan properly mining actions and technical measures at each stage of life of a mine it is necessary to evaluate hydrogeological and geomechanical conditions and their changes. The conditions determine formation, occurrence and volume of the most serious sources of water hazard. Symptoms obtained in geomechanical tests and observations of forming and dewatering reservoirs of underground water, show that it is necessary to update constantly evaluation and classification of sources of water hazard or the state of water hazard in the coal mines of USCB.Development of underground mining in 1945-1990, which resulted in a quick increase in production, determined development and the range of influence of mining operations on the rock mass and the influence on the state of drainage and saturation of the rock mass. The result of the changes was an apparent influence on the changes in the state and shaping water hazards in the course of time. Since 1989 economic conditions of functioning of mines have been tightly associated with the conditions and rules of market economy. As a result of each of the so-called restructuring of mining activity a certain number of mining companies was closed, merged or split. The consequence is that in the vicinity of active mines and prospective mining areas, more and more often there are partially or completely flooded abandoned coal mines. Flooded coal mines have changed and still do hydrogeological conditions of their surrounding and force active mining companies to introduce changes in mining activities they are planning and conducting. The current state of flooding mine workings, is a result of realizing previous plans of restructuring mining industry, and all the changes of the state require hydrogeological documentation and evaluation of water hazard.In the today’s conditions of functioning of mining industry, sources of water hazards like water reservoirs in goafs, are one of six main types of sources of hazard, and at the same time the biggest problem and the most serious threat for active mine workings. As the hydrodynamic conditions in the closed areas stabilise and the water piles up close to the surface, an increase in the influence of reservoirs on the state of environmental and public hazard (subsidence, overflowing, flooding, pollution of water in the aquifers located in the overburden and surface water).As there is a qualitative change in the directions, causes and sources of water hazard, it shall be expected that the changes will tend to increase the threat level from the closed mines. Hence since 2000 the Central Mining Institute has been focused mainly on methodology research, both laboratory ones of various scale of observation referring to the properties of rocks and rock debris, and in situ ones and forecasting ones accompanied by proposed multidirectional applications of the developed methods in mining and environmental practice. The effect of the works was developing and patenting a few new methods. The effects of works which have been conducted in the last several years were proposed changes in defining water hazard, classifying the hazard and its sources. Classifications of underground water reservoirs, deposits located in the vicinity of reservoirs in closed coal mines and water safety of shafts were proposed. The devised test and evaluation methods have wide practical applications in evaluating water hazard and limiting the hazard, as well as estimating volume of water in reservoirs of closed mines and estimating energy of the water and free methane deposit in the abandoned goafs and mine workings. Their application in hydrogeology plays an important role in estimating volume of water in aquifers built of porous hard rocks. It is also important and applicable in environmental engineering to evaluate volume of water, estimating conditions of its accumulation and flow, and migration of pollution mainly within surface water reservoirs reclaimed with waste rock.


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