Can Contingency Fee Reforms Improve Maternal & Infant Health? Evidence from Nevada

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip DeCicca ◽  
Natalie Malak
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Defensive Medicine ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Synthetic Control Methods ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Contingency fee laws are intended to reduce the amount of defensive medicine practiced by physicians, but their impact on such behavior is theoretically ambiguous. While nearly half of all states have adopted some type of contingency fee laws, very little empirical evidence exists with respect to related impacts, and no rigorous studies examine their potential impacts on health. We examine the impact of a particular contingency fee reform that occurred in Nevada in 2004 using synthetic control methods. Consistent with our expectations, we find a systematic increase in the C-section rate of less-educated mothers in Nevada after implementation of the reform. However, we find no systematic effect on infant mortality, suggesting that contingency reforms contribute to an increase in defensive medicine without a corresponding improvement in health.

The Trade Impacts of a Food Scare: The Fonterra Contamination Incident

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Stojkov ◽  
Ilan Noy ◽  
Yiğit Sağlam
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Synthetic Control Methods ◽  
Food Scare ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Shock

Abstract This paper examines the impact of a food contamination scare in the dairy sector on dairy exports. We investigate this question in the context of the 2013 Whey Protein Concentrate contamination incident in New Zealand. We assess the impact of this incident on dairy exports using synthetic control methods. A synthetic counterfactual scenario where the incident did not occur is developed using weighted information from other countries unaffected by the scare. We find that there was an initial negative shock to the exports of products that were thought to have been contaminated, but that there were no significant sustained impacts on other dairy products. The affected products made up only a small proportion of New Zealand dairy exports, with the vast majority of dairy exports being unaffected. Infant formula exports appear to have recovered more than a year after the scare. However, whey product exports (the contaminated product) remain lower than they otherwise would have been.

scholarly journals HOW DOES THE G20 SUMMIT AFFECT LAND MARKET? EVIDENCE FROM CHINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-445
Author(s):  
Xuejun Du ◽  
Zhonghua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Land Market ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Synthetic Control Methods ◽  
Preparation Period ◽  
Land Transaction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

We employ the difference-in-difference and synthetic control methods to investigate the capitalization effect of hosting the G20 Summit on land market, based on China’s land transaction dataset from 2011 to 2019. We find that hosting the G20 Summit has a significant positive effect on land prices in the host city, increasing land prices by over 22.6% compared to comparable cities. The impact of hosting the G20 Summit on land prices is larger in the post-G20 period than in the preparation period. Further, hosting the G20 Summit has heterogeneous and distributional effects on land prices. The capitalization effects of venue construction and transportation infrastructure upgrading on land prices are the main channels.

scholarly journals The Costs of Economic Nationalism: Evidence from the Brexit Experiment*

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (623) ◽  
pp. 2722-2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Born ◽  
Gernot J Müller ◽  
Moritz Schularick ◽  
Petr Sedláček
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Economic Nationalism ◽  
Output Loss ◽  
Structural Time Series ◽  
Time Series Estimation ◽  
Series Estimation ◽  
Synthetic Control Methods ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Unexpected Outcome

Abstract Economic nationalism is on the rise, but at what cost? We study this question using the unexpected outcome of the Brexit referendum vote as a natural macroeconomic experiment. Employing synthetic control methods, we first show that the Brexit vote has caused a UK output loss of 1.7% to 2.5% by year-end 2018. An expectations-augmented VAR suggests that these costs are, to a large extent, driven by a downward revision of growth expectations in response to the vote. Linking quasi-experimental identification to structural time-series estimation allows us not only to quantify the aggregate costs but also to understand the channels through which expected economic disintegration impacts the macroeconomy.

scholarly journals Does Occupational Deregulation Affect In-Company Vocational Training? – Evidence from the 2004 Reform of the German Trade and Crafts Code

2020 ◽  
Vol 240 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petrik Runst ◽  
Jörg Thomä
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
German Trade ◽  
Cost Channel ◽  
Synthetic Control Methods ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Entry Restrictions ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractThe European Commission actively evaluates occupational entry restrictions in all member states. This has attracted a growing interest among scholars of the German crafts sector as it is governed by an idiosyncratic national set of rules. We estimate the effects of the deregulation of the German Trade and Crafts Code in 2004 on the overall vocational training levels in affected crafts trades. We employ Difference-in-Differences regressions as well as Synthetic Control Methods on data for the entire population of the German crafts sector. We provide evidence that the overall effect of the reform on vocational training levels was negative. While we cannot comprehensively rule out all potential confounding factors, we address competing explanations related to demand shocks, recession effect, and migration. In addition, there is evidence that the overall deregulation effects can be decomposed into a sunk-cost-channel and a firm size channel.

scholarly journals The Economic Consequences of the Mexican Drug War

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Roberto Balmori de la Miyar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Drug War ◽  
Synthetic Control Methods ◽  
Mexican Drug War ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Proportional Reduction

AbstractMilitary crackdowns often disrupt economic development by exacerbating violence. This paper examines the case of the Mexican Drug War, employing synthetic control methods. To prove causality, I use variation on statewide military operations, as well as the rollout of the war. Findings indicate a decrease in GDP per capita equal to 0.5%, in states with military operations. Determinants by which the Mexican Drug War hampered economic development include a proportional reduction in consumption per capita, and a decline in productive investment of at least 0.3%, driven by a drop of 3.2% in commercial credit granted to businesses.

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