Uniform Price Auctions with Asymmetric Bidders

The increasing demand for a high-performance and low-cost battery technology promotes the search for Li+-conducting materials. Recently, phosphidotetrelates and aluminates were introduced as an innovative class of phosphide-based Li+-conducting materials...

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Voice In Ear

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies ◽

10.1145/3448113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Yang Gao ◽

Yincheng Jin ◽

Jagmohan Chauhan ◽

Seokmin Choi ◽

Jiyang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

User Authentication ◽

Low Cost ◽

The Body ◽

Ear Canal ◽

Replay Attacks ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

The Right ◽

Sound Conduction ◽

Enrollment Data ◽

Secure Authentication

With the rapid growth of wearable computing and increasing demand for mobile authentication scenarios, voiceprint-based authentication has become one of the prevalent technologies and has already presented tremendous potentials to the public. However, it is vulnerable to voice spoofing attacks (e.g., replay attacks and synthetic voice attacks). To address this threat, we propose a new biometric authentication approach, named EarPrint, which aims to extend voiceprint and build a hidden and secure user authentication scheme on earphones. EarPrint builds on the speaking-induced body sound transmission from the throat to the ear canal, i.e., different users will have different body sound conduction patterns on both sides of ears. As the first exploratory study, extensive experiments on 23 subjects show the EarPrint is robust against ambient noises and body motions. EarPrint achieves an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 3.64% with 75 seconds enrollment data. We also evaluate the resilience of EarPrint against replay attacks. A major contribution of EarPrint is that it leverages two-level uniqueness, including the body sound conduction from the throat to the ear canal and the body asymmetry between the left and the right ears, taking advantage of earphones' paring form-factor. Compared with other mobile and wearable biometric modalities, EarPrint is a low-cost, accurate, and secure authentication solution for earphone users.

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Co-Check: Collaborative Outsourced Data Auditing in Multicloud Environment

Security and Communication Networks ◽

10.1155/2017/2948025 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jian Mao ◽

Wenqian Tian ◽

Yan Zhang ◽

Jian Cui ◽

Hanjun Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Communication Networks ◽

Resource Sharing ◽

Cloud Storage ◽

Low Cost ◽

Data Outsourcing ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Outsourced Data ◽

Low Performance ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Data Auditing

With the increasing demand for ubiquitous connectivity, wireless technology has significantly improved our daily lives. Meanwhile, together with cloud-computing technology (e.g., cloud storage services and big data processing), new wireless networking technology becomes the foundation infrastructure of emerging communication networks. Particularly, cloud storage has been widely used in services, such as data outsourcing and resource sharing, among the heterogeneous wireless environments because of its convenience, low cost, and flexibility. However, users/clients lose the physical control of their data after outsourcing. Consequently, ensuring the integrity of the outsourced data becomes an important security requirement of cloud storage applications. In this paper, we present Co-Check, a collaborative multicloud data integrity audition scheme, which is based on BLS (Boneh-Lynn-Shacham) signature and homomorphic tags. According to the proposed scheme, clients can audit their outsourced data in a one-round challenge-response interaction with low performance overhead. Our scheme also supports dynamic data maintenance. The theoretical analysis and experiment results illustrate that our scheme is provably secure and efficient.

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Efficiency Evaluation for Femtocell Spectrum Access in LTE-Advanced

International Journal of Information Communication Technology and Applications ◽

10.17972/ajicta20151114 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 96-111

Author(s):

Omar Arafat ◽

Mark A Gregory

Keyword(s):

Performance Analysis ◽

Low Cost ◽

Limited Area ◽

Femtocell Networks ◽

Indoor Coverage ◽

Lte Advanced ◽

Femtocell Network ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Resource Allocation Scheme

Femtocells are considered one of the ultimate solutions for the ever increasing demand in LTE-Advance. Recently, wireless industries have resorted to femtocell networks in order to enhance indoor coverage and quality of service since macro-antennas fail to reach these objectives. In enabling indoor home or enterprise users with mobile broadband solutions, role of femtocells are crucially important. While considering low cost solutions for higher coverage and data rate, femtocells apparently have one of the best potentials for indoor users. Due to the dense self-deployment of femtocells in a limited area, serious inter-femtocell interference (IFI) may cause, which consequently results in severe performance degradation. To mitigate the IFI and utilize spectrum resource more efficiently, this paper proposes a cluster based femtocell deployments along with a capacity based cognitive resource allocation scheme .Three different channel configurations in a hybrid access femtocell network are considered for performance analysis. The results of a performance analysis of the cluster based femtocell configurations in a priority based users’ network are presented.

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Innovative or Indefensible? An Empirical Assessment of Patenting within Standard Setting

Innovations in Organizational IT Specification and Standards Development ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2160-2.ch001 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Anne Layne-Farrar

Keyword(s):

Market Power ◽

Standard Setting ◽

Empirical Assessment ◽

Ex Post ◽

Strategic Patenting

Cooperative standard setting may be burdened by “over patenting”. Because standards may convey market power to firms whose patents are implicated, “strategic” patenting may enable opportunistic behaviors. Thus, particular concerns have been raised over patenting that takes place after the first versions of a standard are published, as these patents may be aimed at the acquisition of market power. This is a reasonable concern, but another possibility also may be likely: “ex post” patenting may be driven by genuine innovation. Which is more prevalent? To begin answering this question, the author empirically assesses the patenting that occurs within a standard setting organization. The author rejects the first stage hypothesis that all ex post patenting must be opportunistic and conclude instead that such patenting is likely a mixed bag of (incremental) innovative contributions along with some strategic ones. As a result, standard setting policy prescriptions should proceed with caution so that the good is not eliminated with the bad.

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Innovative or Indefensible?

International Journal of IT Standards and Standardization Research ◽

10.4018/jitsr.2011070101 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Anne Layne-Farrar

Keyword(s):

Market Power ◽

Standard Setting ◽

Ex Post ◽

Strategic Patenting

Cooperative standard setting may be burdened by “over patenting”. Because standards may convey market power to firms whose patents are implicated, “strategic” patenting may enable opportunistic behaviors. Thus, particular concerns have been raised over patenting that takes place after the first versions of a standard are published, as these patents may be aimed at the acquisition of market power. This is a reasonable concern, but another possibility also may be likely: “ex post” patenting may be driven by genuine innovation. Which is more prevalent? To begin answering this question, the author empirically assesses the patenting that occurs within a standard setting organization. The author rejects the first stage hypothesis that all ex post patenting must be opportunistic and conclude instead that such patenting is likely a mixed bag of (incremental) innovative contributions along with some strategic ones. As a result, standard setting policy prescriptions should proceed with caution so that the good is not eliminated with the bad.

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Development of a Tuneable NDIR Optical Electronic Nose

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20236875 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (23) ◽

pp. 6875

Author(s):

Siavash Esfahani ◽

Akira Tiele ◽

Samuel O. Agbroko ◽

James A. Covington

Keyword(s):

Electronic Nose ◽

Gas Sensors ◽

Low Cost ◽

Medical Diagnostics ◽

Good Discrimination ◽

Humidity Effects ◽

Sensor Drift ◽

Optical Gas Sensor ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Increasing Demand

Electronic nose (E-nose) technology provides an easy and inexpensive way to analyse chemical samples. In recent years, there has been increasing demand for E-noses in applications such as food safety, environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. Currently, the majority of E-noses utilise an array of metal oxide (MOX) or conducting polymer (CP) gas sensors. However, these sensing technologies can suffer from sensor drift, poor repeatability and temperature and humidity effects. Optical gas sensors have the potential to overcome these issues. This paper reports on the development of an optical non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) E-nose, which consists of an array of four tuneable detectors, able to scan a range of wavelengths (3.1–10.5 μm). The functionality of the device was demonstrated in a series of experiments, involving gas rig tests for individual chemicals (CO2 and CH4), at different concentrations, and discriminating between chemical standards and complex mixtures. The optical gas sensor responses were shown to be linear to polynomial for different concentrations of CO2 and CH4. Good discrimination was achieved between sample groups. Optical E-nose technology therefore demonstrates significant potential as a portable and low-cost solution for a number of E-nose applications.

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Self-heating of electrically conductive metal-cementitious composites

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures ◽

10.1177/1045389x19862373 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (15) ◽

pp. 2234-2240 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Salam R Armoosh ◽

Meral Oltulu

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Heating Temperature ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cement Composite ◽

Input Voltage ◽

Cement Composites ◽

Electrically Conductive ◽

Self Heating ◽

Metal Materials ◽

Increasing Demand

Given the increasing demand for higher performance and economic gains in cement composite products, the self-heating performance of cement composites is becoming ever more assorted and progressive. This study investigates the effects of metal materials on self-heating of cement composites. Cementitious composite cubes containing up to 20% of metal materials were tested to improve their conductivity and hence investigate their performance in terms of electrical resistance heating. The metals that were studied were copper, iron, and brass shavings. The test variables were types of metals and input voltage. The tests showed that the presence of metal components improved cementitious cubes’ conductivity, and hence, they transferred heat. In addition, the tests showed that the heating temperature changed with the type of metal and input voltage. Analysis of energy consumption, heating rate and maximum surface temperatures was performed to evaluate the possibility of using metal materials as low-cost heating elements in large-scale heating systems.

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Design of On-Line Detection System for Paper Defects Based on Line-Scan Camera

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.268 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 536-537 ◽

pp. 268-271

Author(s):

Ping He ◽

Chao Liu ◽

Meng Wang ◽

Sheng Mei Cao

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Detection System ◽

Low Cost ◽

Digital Camera ◽

Line Detection ◽

Detection Scheme ◽

Line Scan ◽

On Line ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Technology Level

Paper defects mean that there are some defects in the paper such as hole, emboss, and fold during the paper production, which mainly results from the limitation of technological level. In the past time, artificial visual inspection and off-line checking were often used to detect the paper defects. However, its shortcoming was highlighted along with the improvement of industrial technology level and increasing demand for paper. In order to realize the online detection and markers for paper defects, the project designs the on-line detection system based on line-scan digital camera. Firstly, the principle and detection scheme of the system for the paper defects was presented. Then the overall structure of the system was designed. After that, the hardware circuit of the system was designed using TMS320F2812 as main control chip. It mainly consists of the function of each module and the working process of the system. Finally, the software of the image acquisition system was presented. With the experimental verification, the system has advantages of low cost, high efficiency and strong resistance to interference. The functions and indexes achieved the design requirements.

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