scholarly journals Determination of Stress in Spread Foundation Subsoil by Various Approaches

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Giang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Technical Standard ◽  
Stress States

Abstract The paper deals with the determination of stress induced in spread foundation subsoil by Slovak Technical Standard STN 73 1001:2010 (STN) and Polish Standard PN-81/B-03020 (PN). While STN does not consider with stress state in subsoil just after carrying out excavation and the stress is determined from overloading only, PN considers with stress states after carrying out excavation and follows loading. Differences are also in determination of foundation stiffness and taking into account soil structural strength. It will be shown that different approaches make difference in the value of additional stress up to 18.6 %.

Photoelast Method and Possible Applications of Mathematical Statistics in Prediction of Stress State of Structural Elements

2014 ◽  
Vol 611 ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar Ostertag ◽  
Eva Ostertagová ◽  
Peter Frankovský
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Mathematical Statistics ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
State Development ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Structural Parts

The presented article is dedicated to stress state development while assessing the concentration of stresses in samples with continuously changing notches. These samples represent connecting elements of structural parts. The stress states of selected samples were determined experimentally by means of reflection photoelasticity. This method is suitable mainly for determination of stress state in the whole area in question, predominantly though for the analysis of stress concentration and its gradient in the notched area. Within the method of reflection photoelasticity, a layer was used to analyse the stress field. When loaded, this layer exhibits the ability of temporal birefringence. One of the statistical methods was selected in order to predict the stress state of other samples with bigger notches.

scholarly journals Generalised Least-squares Determination of Triaxial Stress States by X-ray Diffraction and the Associated Errors

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Winholtz ◽  
JB Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Triaxial Stress ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triaxial Stress State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Counting Statistics

The determination of residual stresses via X-ray diffraction is briefly reviewed, with particular emphasis on the triaxial stress state. A new method is proposed for determining the general stress tensor, which considerably reduces the variances of the stresses due to counting statistics and gradients. The procedure involves a generalised least-squares solution of strains measured at various tilts of the X-ray beam to the sample, and a new set of tilts is recommended to minimise these errors.

scholarly journals Stress state of the foundations of buildings and structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
E. K. Agakhanov ◽  
S. T. Khidirov ◽  
G. G. Gabibulaev
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Similarity Criteria ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Sensitive Material ◽  
Stress States

Objective. Determination of the stress state of a ground base with a trapezoidal cutoff from the action of own weight, according to the conditions of equivalence of effects, is reduced to determining the stress state from the external surface load distributed according to the hydrostatic law. Methods. The problem of determining the stresses in the structure foundations at any degree of areas development of a plastic strain of the soil has a strict mathematical formulation, and similarity criteria can be obtained using a simpler construct of similarity theory. The simulation is performed by using similarity criteria based on which the model is executed, the loading conditions are determined, and the transition from the values measured on the model to the corresponding values of the full-scale structure is carried out. Similarity criteria can be obtained either with the help of similarity theory or with the help of dimensional analysis. An even greater effect of increasing the self-weight of a model made of transparent optically sensitive material can be achieved using the immersion method in conjunction with the centrifugal modeling method. If necessary, the stresses in the model area are fixed using the "freeze" method. Result. Using the equations system of the mixed problem of the elasticity and plasticity theory, and the scale method, similarity criteria are established for modeling stresses in the foundations of buildings and structures. Limitations on the choice of similarity multipliers for loose soils, the possibility of using the method of centrifugal modeling, as well as features of modeling connected soils are noted. Conclusion. A necessary condition for the similarity of the stress states of loose homogeneous bases in nature and the model is the equality of the similarity multipliers of the geometric scale and the force factor. 

Short Stress State Questionnaire

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Helton ◽  
Katharina Näswall
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Multiple Samples

Conscious appraisals of stress, or stress states, are an important aspect of human performance. This article presents evidence supporting the validity and measurement characteristics of a short multidimensional self-report measure of stress state, the Short Stress State Questionnaire (SSSQ; Helton, 2004 ). The SSSQ measures task engagement, distress, and worry. A confirmatory factor analysis of the SSSQ using data pooled from multiple samples suggests the SSSQ does have a three factor structure and post-task changes are not due to changes in factor structure, but to mean level changes (state changes). In addition, the SSSQ demonstrates sensitivity to task stressors in line with hypotheses. Different task conditions elicited unique patterns of stress state on the three factors of the SSSQ in line with prior predictions. The 24-item SSSQ is a valid measure of stress state which may be useful to researchers interested in conscious appraisals of task-related stress.

scholarly journals A Study of Yielding and Plasticity of Rapid Prototyped ABS

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1495
Author(s):  
Dan-Andrei Șerban ◽  
Cosmin Marșavina ◽  
Alexandru Viorel Coșa ◽  
George Belgiu ◽  
Radu Negru
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Plastic Flow ◽  
Plane Stress ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Numerical Analyses ◽  
Flow Potential ◽  
Stress States ◽  
State Configuration

In this article, the yielding and plastic flow of a rapid-prototyped ABS compound was investigated for various plane stress states. The experimental procedures consisted of multiaxial tests performed on an Arcan device on specimens manufactured through photopolymerization. Numerical analyses were employed in order to determine the yield points for each stress state configuration. The results were used for the calibration of the Hosford yield criterion and flow potential. Numerical analyses performed on identical specimen models and test configurations yielded results that are in accordance with the experimental data.

Determination of a Rubber-Like Material Model as an Inverse Problem

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Derewonko ◽  
Andrzej Kiczko
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Polyester Fabric ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Air Cushion ◽  
Ill Conditioning ◽  
Stress States

The purpose of this paper is to describe the selection process of a rubber-like material model useful for simulation behaviour of an inflatable air cushion under multi-axial stress states. The air cushion is a part of a single segment of a pontoon bridge. The air cushion is constructed of a polyester fabric reinforced membrane such as Hypalon®. From a numerical point of view such a composite type poses a challenge since numerical ill-conditioning can occur due to stiffness differences between rubber and fabric. Due to the analysis of the large deformation dynamic response of the structure, the LS-Dyna code is used. Since LS-Dyna contains more than two-hundred constitutive models the inverse method is used to determine parameters characterizing the material on the base of results of the experimental test.

Adequate Strength for Small High-Speed Vessels

1968 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Philip J. Danahy
Keyword(s):  
Stress Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Suggested Method ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Recreational Vessels

The paper presents a method for the determination of the critical minimum scantlings for small high-speed vessels. Particular attention is given to the shell plating strength for hydrodynamic impact loads. The suggested method uses an integrated approach involving assumed loads, suggested safety factors, and preferred stress-analysis method. The stress analysis uses plastic theory based partly on the works of J. Clarkson and Thein Wah. Included in the paper is a comparison of the relative structural strength of several commercial, military, and experimental hydrofoil vessels along with a few planing boats and a seaplane hull. This shows the variation of existing vessel structures and compares them to the results obtained by the suggested method. Most commercial, military, and recreational vessels exceed the minimum scantlings of the suggested method. The most significant deviation is the hull of the seaplane:

Direct measurement of transverse residual strains in aorta

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (2) ◽  
pp. H750-H759 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Han ◽  
Y. C. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Residual Strain ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Residual Strains ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Sectional Surface ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal ◽  
Load State

Residual strains were measured in the porcine aorta. Segments were cut from the aorta perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. Microdots of water-insoluble black ink were sprinkled onto the transverse sectional surface of the segments in the no-load state. The segments were then cut radially, and sectional zero-stress states were approached. The coordinates of selected microdots (2-20 microns) were digitized from photographs taken in the no-load state and the zero-stress state. Residual strains in the transverse section were calculated from the displacement of the microdots. The circumferential residual strains on the inner wall and outer wall were calculated from the circumferential lengths in the no-load state and the zero-stress state. Results show that the circumferential residual strain is negative (compressive) in the inner layer of the aortic wall and positive (tensile) in the outer layer, whereas the radial residual strain is tensile in the inner layer and compressive in the outer layer. This residual strain distribution reduces the stress concentration in the aorta under physiological load. The experimental results compared well with theoretical estimations of a cylindrical model. Regional difference of the residual strain exists and is significant (P < 0.01), e.g., the circumferential residual strains on the inner wall of the ascending, descending thoracic, and abdominal regions of the aorta are -0.133 +/- 0.019, -0.074 +/- 0.020, and -0.046 +/- 0.017 (mean +/- SD), respectively. More radial cuts of a segment produced no significant additional strains. This means that an aortic segment after one radial cut can be considered as the zero-stress state.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document