The evolution of auspicious beasts in the burial decoration of the Six-Dynasties Period and the formation of the “Jin System”

AbstractIn the Six-Dynasties Period, the burial system of China underwent a process of development from the “Han System” to the “Jin System”. Both at ground level and within the underground structures, high-ranking burials of the Six-Dynasties Period all had sculptures or figures of mythical animals meant as guardians or quellers of evil. The motifs and styles of these included not only components inherited from the burials of the Han Dynasty, but also newly emergent cultural elements, and in particular a system of auspicious beasts represented by lions. This new auspicious beast complex was related to the prior “Han System” of burial decoration but also showed clear differences. These changes reflected the symbolic features expressed through the formation of the “Jin System” in another aspect. Their influence reached down to the burial systems of the Tang and Song Dynasties.

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Beyond Respecting Mencius and Criticizing Xunzi: A Return to Equal Status for the Two Sages

Journal of Chinese Humanities ◽

10.1163/23521341-12340089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 43-63

Author(s):

Tao Liang (梁濤)

Keyword(s):

Human Nature ◽

Han Dynasty ◽

Confucian Tradition ◽

Six Dynasties ◽

Equal Status ◽

Ritual Propriety ◽

Tang And Song Dynasties ◽

History Of

Abstract Mencius 孟子 took Confucius’ idea of benevolence and, based on it, developed his theory that human nature is good. Xunzi 荀子 emphasized Confucius’ idea of ritual propriety and developed his theory that human nature is bad. This juxtaposition largely came to define their philosophies and their place in the history of Confucianism. Reconciling the two has been a point of contention ever since the Han dynasty. By the end of the Han dynasty, the scales had tipped in favor of Mencius, and this favoritism continued through the Six Dynasties era, the Tang and Song dynasties and beyond. As the Mencius became canonized, the Xunzi fell further out of favor with academics. Through all this, there have still been attempts to directly reconcile and even combine the two branches of Confucianism. This is an important cultural enterprise, which has gained new force in recent years. This article threads out some of the more important arguments in this continuing discussion and advocates for viewing the two branches with equal import and authority in the Confucian tradition.

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The application of Han Dynasty cultural elements to modern product design

2014 20th International Conference on Automation and Computing ◽

10.1109/iconac.2014.6935464 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liling Chen ◽

Jinsheng Kang ◽

Leilei Zhang ◽

Mengcheng Wang ◽

Ding Wang

Keyword(s):

Product Design ◽

Han Dynasty ◽

Cultural Elements

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Investigation and Analysis on Seismic Damages of Mountain Tunnels Subjected to Wenchuan Earthquake

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.273 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 99-100 ◽

pp. 273-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shang Jiang Tao ◽

Bo Gao ◽

Yu Min Wen ◽

Xiang Zhou

Keyword(s):

Wenchuan Earthquake ◽

Ground Level ◽

Seismic Damage ◽

Underground Structures ◽

The Public ◽

Severe Intensity ◽

Mountain Tunnels ◽

Basic Characteristics ◽

Earthquake Damages ◽

Resistance Performance

Wenchuan earthquake of May 12 struck China with amazement in 2008, which inflicted the devastating destruction to the public transport infrastructures in Sichuan province. Generally speaking, underground structures have the stronger seismic resistance performance compared to ground-level structures. However, seismic disasters of mountain tunnels were fairly conspicuous after the earthquake. Based on the references about tunnel earthquake damages at home and abroad (Dowding and Rozen, 1978; Huo, 2005; Rozen, 1976; Youssef, 2001; wang, 2001), more attentions should be paid to the prevention and mitigation of tunnel seismic hazards under severe intensity earthquakes. This paper describes some typical earthquake damages to mountain tunnels during Wenchuan earthquake and presents the basic characteristics of the tunnel seismic damage as well. Meanwhile, the possible reasons for the seismic damage and the corresponding measures for relieving or resisting the damage are also given.

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述补结构与处置式发展关系初探

Cahiers de linguistique - Asie orientale ◽

10.1163/19606028-90000170 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 187-218

Author(s):

Lju Ziyu

Keyword(s):

Qing Dynasty ◽

Present Form ◽

Six Dynasties ◽

The Qing Dynasty ◽

Tang And Song Dynasties

This article investigates the development of verb complement structures and the disposal form in terms of their combination and interaction, from the Six Dynasties to the Qing dynasty. The process of grammaticalization of the disposal form began in the Six Dynasties, developed throughout the Tang and Song Dynasties and gradually took shape during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, finally being completed in the Qing Dynasty. It is suggested that the emergence of the verb complement structure accelerated the process of grammaticalization of the disposal construction in its present form, testified by its frequency in later periods.

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An analysis of the fu (irregular verse) from the Han dynasty to the Six dynasties, 206 B.C. - A.D. 618 = Han Wei liu zhao fu zhi fen xi

10.5353/th_b3194613 ◽

1965 ◽

Author(s):

Peixiong He

Keyword(s):

Han Dynasty ◽

Six Dynasties

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The Application of the Culture of the Han Dynasty to the City LED Street Light Modelling Design

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.127 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 101-102 ◽

pp. 127-131

Author(s):

Sheng Yin Liu

Keyword(s):

Han Dynasty ◽

Cultural Elements ◽

Structure Characteristics ◽

New Methods ◽

The City

This article unfolds the exploration of the city LED street light modelling design based on the study on the cultural elements of the Han dynasty. Applies the extracted cultural elements, as well as the symbol and the structure characteristics of the lights of the Han dynasty to the city LED street light modelling design and discusses the theory and the practical designs in way of studying the cases. The article also concludes the new methods to design the city LED street light modelling based on the culture.

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Effects of Vibration on the Preparation of Ultrathin Sections

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010007223x ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 358-359

Author(s):

Joseph M. Blum ◽

Edward P. Gargiulo ◽

J. R. Sawers

Keyword(s):

Cutting Speed ◽

Ground Level ◽

Environmental Vibration ◽

Block Face ◽

Ultrathin Sections ◽

Embedding Medium ◽

Thickness Variations ◽

Building Walls ◽

Cutting Direction ◽

Diamond Knife

It is now well-known that chatter (Figure 1) is caused by vibration between the microtome arm and the diamond knife. It is usually observed as a cyclical variation in “optical” density of an electron micrograph due to sample thickness variations perpendicular to the cutting direction. This vibration might be induced by using too large a block face, too large a clearance angle, excessive cutting speed, non-uniform embedding medium or microtome vibration. Another prominent cause is environmental vibration caused by inadequate building construction. Microtomes should be installed on firm, solid floors. The best floors are thick, ground-level concrete pads poured over a sand bed and isolated from the building walls. Even when these precautions are followed, we recommend an additional isolation pad placed on the top of a sturdy table.

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