Patterns for gridshells with negligible geometrical torsion at nodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Xavier Tellier ◽  
Romane Boutillier ◽  
Cyril Douthe ◽  
Olivier Baverel
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Principal Curvature ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Main Application ◽  
First Order ◽  
Envelope Surface ◽  
The Past ◽  
Torsion Free

Abstract Curved envelope structural building envelopes have been quite popular in architecture in the past decades, and pose many challenges in their design, manufacturing and planning. In gridshells, a popular structural morphology for curved structure, designers will often strive to orient beams such that their top face is parallel to the envelope surface. However, this tends to induce geometrical torsion along the beam centerline, which complexifies significantly the manufacturing of the connection nodes or of the beams themselves. It is well known that such issue can be avoided by aligning beams with principal curvature directions of the envelope surface, thus yielding a quadrangular paneling. In this article, we study how other types of patterns (non-quadrangular) can be used to design torsion-free grid-shells. Based on asymptotic considerations, we derive a set of geometrical rules which, if fulfilled by a pattern, insure that a surface can be covered by this pattern with negligible torsion and limited deviation of beams from surface normals. A wide variety of patterns fulfill these rules, offering interesting possibilities for the design of curved architectural envelopes (Figure 1) is shown. As these rules are based on first order asymptotic analysis, we perform global validation on case studies. One main application is for structures in which face planarity is not necessary, for example ones cladded with ETFE cushions.

scholarly journals Hardware Masking, Revisited

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-148
Author(s):  
Thomas De Cnudde ◽  
Maik Ender ◽  
Amir Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Implementation Cost ◽  
Underlying Assumption ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Placement And Routing

MaskingHardware masking schemes have shown many advances in the past few years. Through a series of publications their implementation cost has dropped significantly and flaws have been fixed where present. Despite these advancements it seems that a limit has been reached when implementing masking schemes on FPGA platforms. Indeed, even with a correct transition from the masking scheme to the masking realization (i.e., when the implementation is not buggy) it has been shown that the implementation can still exhibit unexpected leakage, e.g., through variations in placement and routing. In this work, we show that the reason for such unexpected leakages is the violation of an underlying assumption made by all masking schemes, i.e., that the leakage of the circuit is a linear sum of leakages associated to each share. In addition to the theory of VLSI which supports our claim, we perform a wide range of experiments based on an FPGA) to find out under what circumstances this causes a masked hardware implementation to show undesirable leakage. We further illustrate case studies, where publicly-known secure designs exhibit first-order leakage when being operated at certain conditions.

Trail-Blazer Dependency – A Roadmap for the Sustainability Revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-337
Author(s):  
Jan Kunnas
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Major Benefit ◽  
Quality Movement

While geologists are still considering whether the Anthropocene should be accepted as a formal geological epoch, it is up to us humanists to search for ways making this human era a good one. In this article, I will examine how we can use historical research to provide such tracks based on past regularities or similarities. Positive success stories from the past can at least provide faith that we can do something about our current environmental problems. This investigation is based on two case studies: the Tesla Model S electric car, and the Swedish pulp and paper industry's transition to chlorine-free bleaching. It argues that the sustainability revolution doesn't just share similarities with the quality movement of the 1970s and 1980s, but is essentially a continuation of it. In concordance with previous megatrends, the major benefit of the sustainability revolution will be reaped by countries and companies running ahead of the curve. A new term, 'trail-blazer dependency' is introduced; by setting an example, the first-movers are opening a trail for late-comers to follow.

scholarly journals Mathematical Creativity in Adults: Its Measurement and Its Relation to Intelligence, Mathematical Competence and General Creativity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Michaela A. Meier ◽  
Julia A. Burgstaller ◽  
Mathias Benedek ◽  
Stephan E. Vogel ◽  
Roland H. Grabner
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Mathematical Creativity ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Mathematical Competence ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Past ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
General Creativity ◽  
Creativity Measure

Mathematical creativity is perceived as an increasingly important aspect of everyday life and, consequently, research has increased over the past decade. However, mathematical creativity has mainly been investigated in children and adolescents so far. Therefore, the first goal of the current study was to develop a mathematical creativity measure for adults (MathCrea) and to evaluate its reliability and construct validity in a sample of 100 adults. The second goal was to investigate how mathematical creativity is related to intelligence, mathematical competence, and general creativity. The MathCrea showed good reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the data fitted the assumed theoretical model, in which fluency, flexibility, and originality constitute first order factors and mathematical creativity a second order factor. Even though intelligence, mathematical competence, and general creativity were positively related to mathematical creativity, only numerical intelligence and general creativity predicted unique variance of mathematical creativity. Additional analyses separating quantitative and qualitative aspects of mathematical creativity revealed differential relationships to intelligence components and general creativity. This exploratory study provides first evidence that intelligence and general creativity are important predictors for mathematical creativity in adults, whereas mathematical competence seems to be not as important for mathematical creativity in adults as in children.

Old and New Results for First Order Periodic ODEs without Uniqueness: a Comprehensive Study by Lower and Upper Solutions

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Obersnel ◽  
Pierpaolo Omari
Keyword(s):  
Cauchy Problem ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Lower And Upper Solutions ◽  
Elementary Approach ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cauchy Problem ◽  
Qualitative Properties Of Solutions ◽  
Comprehensive Study

AbstractAn elementary approach, based on a systematic use of lower and upper solutions, is employed to detect the qualitative properties of solutions of first order scalar periodic ordinary differential equations. This study is carried out in the Carathéodory setting, avoiding any uniqueness assumption, in the future or in the past, for the Cauchy problem. Various classical and recent results are recovered and generalized.

An Equilibrium Prediction Method for Control and Fault Detection of Energy Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Rogers ◽  
Fangzhou Guo ◽  
Bryan Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Static System ◽  
Control Logic ◽  
First Order

Abstract Many fault detection, optimization, and control logic methods rely on sensor feedback that assumes the system is operating at steady state conditions, despite persistent transient disturbances. While filtering and signal processing techniques can eliminate some transient effects, this paper proposes an equilibrium prediction method for first order dynamic systems using an exponential regression. This method is particularly valuable for many commercial and industrial energy system, whose dynamics are dominated by first order thermo-fluid effects. To illustrate the basic advantages of the proposed approach, Monte Carlo simulations are used. This is followed by three distinct experimental case studies to demonstrate the practical efficacy of the proposed method. First, the ability to predict the carbon dioxide level in classrooms allows for energy efficient control of the ventilation system and ensures occupant comfort. Second, predicting the optimal time to end the cool-down of an industrial sintering furnace allows for maximum part throughput and worker safety. Finally, fault detection and diagnosis methods for air conditioning systems typically use static system models; however, the transient response of many air conditioning signals may be approximated as first order, and therefore, the prediction model enables the use of static fault detection methods with transient data. In this paper, the equilibrium prediction method's performance will be quantified using both Monte Carlo simulations and case studies.

Negotiating without the victim state: the exclusiveness of anticorruption settlements

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Capus ◽  
Kei Hannah Brodersen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Settlement Agreements ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Obligation To Inform

Purpose Corporate foreign bribery can have devastating consequences on communities and states. Over the past decade, there have been several promising developments, both national and international, that might increase the chances of victim states to receive remediation for the harm they suffered from foreign bribery. In particular, awareness has risen that victim states must be considered and new innovative items have been added to the toolbox of prosecutors in the fight against corruption that is assumed to also improve victim states’ standing in these procedures. This study aims to assess whether indeed victim states receive compensation through these novel procedures. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the three case studies of Switzerland, France and England and Wales for a comprehensive empirical and normative analysis of settlement agreements between defendants and prosecution authorities and of court jurisprudence. Findings This study shows that although de jure, it seems warranted to order the payment of remedies to victim states within domestic criminal proceedings, in practice, this rarely happens. A number of legal and practical obstacles account for this situation. This study, therefore, calls for the formulation of international guidelines containing the obligation to inform victim states of ongoing criminal proceedings on corporate foreign bribery, and guidance on how to identify the victim of this crime, as well as the damage caused. Originality/value This is the first contribution to verify whether claims that settlement agreements, recently introduced in England and Wales and France (and similar procedures are available in Switzerland), are beneficial for victim states in their quest to receive compensation. As this study shows that this is – not yet – the case in practice, this study proposes solutions that could lead the way for remediation of the harm caused by corporate corruption – and thereby, ultimately, to a more just outcome.

The Use of Photo-interviewing: Three Examples from Health Evaluation and Research

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Hurworth ◽  
Eileen Clark ◽  
Jenepher Martin ◽  
Steve Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Health Evaluation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social

This article reviews the use of photographs as data within the social sciences as well as defining related terminology used over the past century. It then examines the use of photos as stimuli for talking about health settings before presenting three recent case studies where photo-interviewing has been used successfully in health evaluation and research. Advantages and limitations of the method are considered.

Disorders of Musical Cognition

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Stewart ◽  
Katharina von Kriegstein ◽  
Simone Dalla Bella ◽  
Jason D. Warren ◽  
Timothy D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Musical Cognition ◽  
Musical Listening

This article presents an overview of case studies of acquired disorders of musical listening. Like any cognitive faculty, music is multifaceted, and the identification of the neural basis of any complex faculty must proceed, hand in hand, with an elucidation of its cognitive architecture. The past decade has seen an evolution in the theoretical models of musical processing, allowing the development of theoretically motivated instruments for the systematic evaluation of musical disorders. Such developments have allowed reports of musical disorders to evolve from historical anecdotes to systematic, verifiable accounts that can play a critical role in contributing to our understanding of the cognitive neuroscience of music.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Matthew D. O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Colonial Mexico ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the analysis of time experience and futuremaking through historical case studies in colonial Mexico. Colonial Mexico developed a culture of innovation, human aspiration, and futuremaking that was subsequently forgotten in part because it did not fit with later definitions of modernity and innovation as secular phenomena and things untethered to the past or tradition. This choice of historical method and topics is driven by a desire to step outside some of the dominant paradigms in the study of Latin America and colonialism in general. Examining the relationship between past, present, and future offers a way to reconsider Mexico's colonial era, its subsequent historical development, and how people have understood that history.

scholarly journals THE PROJECT OF THE INTERNET PORTAL DOSTOEVSKY AND THE WORLD: ON THE PROBLEM OF RECEPTION OF THE WRITER’S BIOGRAPHY AND WORK IN THE MODERN WORLD

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Natalia Aleksandrovna Tarasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Resource ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Internet Portal ◽  
The Past ◽  
200Th Anniversary ◽  
The World

The article deals with the new project — the Internet portal Dostoevsky and the World, launched by the Pushkin House for the 200th anniversary of the writer’s birth. The work offers the basic information on the project. The Internet resource that would host the most representative examples of the reception of Dostoevsky’s personality and work in various epochs and in various countries is a great way to familiarize the modern reader with the wide scope of interest in Dostoevsky in the past and present. The project focuses on the non-academic reception, philosophical and aesthetic interpretations, the attitudes of public fi gures, writers, stage and movie directors, publicists, etc. The collection of case studies of Dostoevsky’s reception by today’s cultural fi gures, as well as the publication of the previously unknown writer-related sources of the past years, are of particular importance.

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