scholarly journals Prospects for agricultural lands afforestation in Poland until 2020

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Adam Kaliszewski ◽  
Wojciech Młynarski ◽  
Piotr Gołos
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
The State ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

Abstract The aim of the paper is to present the potential for afforestation of agricultural lands under the ‘National Programme for Expanding of Forest Cover’ (KPZL) in Poland until 2020. The analysis is based on the ongoing social and economic changes in rural areas in the past decade as well as factors limiting implementation of the Programme. The data used have been derived from annual reports of the Agricultural Property Agency (ANR), the Central Statistical Office and also other official documents and legal acts related to the issue. Assuming that the area of agricultural lands transferred by the ANR to the State Forests Holding – an institution responsible for implementing the KPZL on state-owned lands – remains approximately 350 ha per year, the overall extent of afforestation on state-owned lands will not exceed 4,500–4,600 ha until 2020. In case of private lands, a further decline in annual afforestation area will be observed. The lack of a stable financing system is a major reason for the decrease in the area of agricultural lands transferred for afforestation. The projections show that the average annual afforestation area on private lands will not exceed 2,500 ha until 2020. Altogether, it can be expected that during the period 2015–2020, approximately 20,000 ha of agricultural lands will be afforested. The study shows that the current rate of afforestation is insufficient for reaching the target defined in the KPZL (afforestation of 680,000 ha of lands during the period 2001–2020). Low supply of private lands for afforestation and insufficient financial support for farmers are the most important factors limiting the implementation of the KPZL. The situation could be improved by free transfer of public lands for afforestation from the ANR to the State Forests Holding and by implementing financial instruments for afforestation of private lands from the Forest Fund resources.

scholarly journals Forest Fires and Losses Caused by Fires – An Economic Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Beata Sadowska ◽  
Zimon Grzegorz ◽  
Nina Stępnicka
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Public Forests

A defined forested area performs various functions such as economic, protective and social. Regardless of the level of civilization development and human knowledge, it cannot be stated that humans have full control over the phenomena occurring in forests or their surroundings. Forest hazards, including fire hazards, constitute a direct or indirect factor of human activity that has an effect on nature. Forest fires cause specific losses and generate costs, thus affecting a financial result. The research area of the study is forest fires and losses caused by them, i.e. determining the financial and non-financial effects of fires. The main aim of the study is to present the problem of forest fires in selected European countries, including Poland, and to determine the level of losses caused by them. The research hypothesis is: "Forest fires occurring in European countries, including Poland, cause significant losses in the natural and social environment, which forces organizations to incur costs of implementing measures to protect forest areas against fires". In the case of Poland, the area of interest is public forests managed by the State Forests National Forest Holding. The following research methods were used: critical analysis of the literature, comparative method, desk research, the method of induction and synthesis. In the field of empirical research, the current research results and studies of the Central Statistical Office and the reports of the State Forests were used.

scholarly journals Deagrarianisation of the Economic Structure and the Evolution of Rural Settlement Patterns in Poland

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rosner ◽  
Monika Wesołowska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Second World

Since the Second World War, Poland has been undergoing an intensive process of transformation of the economic structure of rural areas, manifested, among other things, in the change in the occupational make-up of its inhabitants. The development of non-agricultural methods of management in rural areas has led to the emergence of multifunctional rural areas, where the role of agriculture as a source of income for the inhabitants is decreasing. There is a process of deagrarianisation of the economic structure, which has been indicated by many researchers as an unavoidable process, connected with the changes taking place in rural areas. One of the effects of this process are changes in rural settlement patterns. The aim of this article is to present the spatial effects of the deagrarianisation process in the Polish countryside, expressed in the changes in the rural settlement network. The authors used the statistical database of the Central Statistical Office (over 41 thousand records) to draw up the classification of rural areas by the nature of changes in population numbers in the period 1950–2011, which was compared with the research carried out as part of the Monitoring of Rural Development in Poland. The study confirmed that the factor behind the evolution of the rural settlement network is the process of decreasing agricultural demand for labour. As a consequence, there is a polarisation of localities into multifunctional rural localities, mainly headquarter villages and local government offices, and those with a predominantly agricultural function. On a supra-local scale, a process of polarisation of rural areas between a growing suburban population and a reducing peripheral location around large and medium-sized towns has been observed.

NATURA 2000 SITES IN POLAND AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE FUNCTIONING OF FARMS

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317
Author(s):  
Marek Zieliński ◽  
Jolanta Sobierajewska
Keyword(s):  
Natura 2000 ◽  
The State ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Farm Accountancy Data Network ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Lower Production

The paper described the network of Natura 2000 sites in Poland, the state of spending funds on Package 4. “Valuable habitats and endangered species of birds in Natura 2000 sites of the Agri-environmental-climate measure implemented under the RDP 2014-2020” (Package 4. of the AECM under the Rural Development Programme 2014-2020) as of 31.12.2017 and also assessed the functioning of farms belonging to beneficiaries of this package against a background of farms from outside Natura 2000 sites, which kept accounts for the Polish FADN in the years 2015-2017. It has been determined that, in Poland, the share of areas covered by the Natura 2000 network in the land area of the country is 19.6%, however, in the case of voivodeships and districts, it is varied. In addition, it has been determined that the state of spending funds under Package 4 has, so far, been PLN 518.8 million and has accounted for 29.6% of total funds spent as part of the AECM under the RDP 2014-2020. It turned out that farms belonging to beneficiaries of Package 4, against a background of other farms which kept accounts for the Polish FADN in the years 2015-2017, were characterised, inter alia, by lower production intensity and lower productivity of production factors. Moreover, those farms obtained lower income per 1 ha of UAA. Analyses have been carried out based on the data from the General Directorate for Environmental Protection, the Central Statistical Office in Warsaw, the Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture, the Polish Farm Accountancy Data Network (Polish FADN) and the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation National Research Institute.

scholarly journals Zmiany sytuacji dochodowej polskich rodzin na wsi po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej

2014 ◽  
pp. 5-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Stolarska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

The paper presents income situation of Polish rural households in 2005 –2012. The research material came from unpublished empirical studies of Central Statistical Office . Changes of income level and structure of main income sources of the livelihoods were presented. Growing importance of wage from off-farm jobs and a decline of the share of income from agriculture was observed. The author indicated differences in the economic situation of the population living in rural areas and of individual incomes of the families, which suggests the need of checking the activities of the regional policy in relation to rural areas. Conclusions from the analysis are confirmed by the answers of the respondents. According to them, “very good” and “good” levels of income in rural families (over 18% in 2012) came from all sources, including social benefits. Declining share of expenditures reflects positive trends in Polish rural areas after EU accession as well as possibilities of further structural and social changes in rural areas.

scholarly journals Sectoral employment diversification in rural areas across Polish subregions

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Drejerska ◽  
Mariola Chrzanowska
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Employment Structure ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

Agriculture, forestry and fishing have been still a very important part of the labour market. However, the situation is diversified across Polish subregions. The objective of the study is to investigate sectoral employment diversification in rural areas across Polish subregions (NUTS 3). In order to do it, data on the subregional employment structure provided by the Central Statistical Office of Poland was used for computation of spatial autocorrelation described by Moran’s statistics. Results of this analysis display for example a cluster of subregions in south-east Poland, where employment in agriculture, forestry and fishing is a significant trend of predominantly rural subregions.

scholarly journals Analysis of wood chipping capacity of the Bandit 990XP chipper – case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kormanek
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Effective Capacity ◽  
Work Cycle ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Specific Working

According to the data of the Central Statistical Office, there has been an increase in forest cover in Poland from 27.8% to 29.6% over the last 25 years. This increase contributed to an increase in the possibility of wood obtaining and processing for energy purposes. The aim of the study was to analyse the efficiency of a chipping machine manufactured by the American Company Bandit Industries (Bandit 990XP chipper) based on the working day chronometer. The study was carried out in specific conditions related to the place of the chipper application because the machine was used to process the material obtained from standing trees in the framework of park maintenance. As it was shown during the analysed working day, the effective capacity W1 in the work cycle of the Bandit 990XP machine was 9.2 m<sup>3</sup>∙h<sup>–1</sup> chips. Specific working conditions made it impossible to organize the work smoothly. Ongoing obtaining of the material for chipping from standing trees resulted in low productivity during the exploitation time of the shift W08 on the level of 1.3 m<sup>3</sup>∙h<sup>–1</sup> chips.

scholarly journals PERSONAL FINANCE MANAGEMENT IN POLAND FROM 2004-2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Marta Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Household Finance ◽  
Personal Finance ◽  
The State ◽  
Finance Management ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

This article describes the state of household finance management in Poland. The analysis consists of three basic elements of household finance, such as income and expenditure of Polish households, savings and investments of Polish households, and Polish households debt. The presented data represent the time period from 2004 to 2013. The data came from reports of National Central Bank in Poland and Central Statistical Office in Poland. Based on the presented data, it can be said that the situation of Polish household has improved during the analyzed period. Moreover, Polish household characterized risk aversion decision by saving their money mostly in the form of bank deposit or cash.

scholarly journals NON-AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF RURAL WOMEN AS A FACTOR ELIMINATING SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES AND INFLUENCING RURAL AREA DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (4) ◽  
pp. 486-494
Author(s):  
Alicja Stolarska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Family ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Agricultural Entrepreneurship

On the basis of unpublished data from GUS (Central Statistical Office), in the years 2014-2016, as well as a review of literature, an analysis of the socio-economic situation of rural women, who make a living by running own non-agricultural businesses, was conducted. Income stemming from various sources of earnings was compared with reference to the situation on the labour market. Rural women were characterized on the basis of various types of self-employment undertaken, underlining the major role of such forms of labour in levelling out opportunities and the development of rural areas. Their average age was 45 and the number of people in the family 3.8. Only 2.4% of female entrepreneurs were from single-person households. Types of non-agricultural entrepreneurship were presented, where trade prevailed and 25.9% of entrepreneurs also employed other employees. By applying the coefficient of variation, many differences in the household income of female entrepreneurs were noted.

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