Applicability of Hydrological Models for Flash Flood Simulation in Small Catchments of Hilly Area in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1168-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuohang Xin ◽  
Ke Shi ◽  
Chenchen Wu ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Lei Ye
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Hilly Area ◽  
Small Catchments

Abstract Flash flood in small catchments of hilly area is an extremely complicated nonlinear process affected by catchment properties and rainfall spatio-temporal variation characteristics including many physical-geographical factors, and thus accurate simulation of flash flood is very difficult. Given the fact that hundreds of hydrological models are available in the literature, how to choose a suitable hydrological model remains an unsolved task. In this paper, we selected five widely used hydrological models including three lumped hydrologic models, a semi-distributed hydrological model and a distributed hydrological model for flash flood simulation, and studied their applicability in fourteen typical catchments in hilly areas across China. The results show that the HEC-HMS distributed hydrological model outperforms the other models and is suitable to simulate the flash floods caused by highly intense rainfall. The Dahuofang model (lumped) has higher precision in peak runoff time simulation. However, its performance is quite poor on the flood volume simulation in the small catchments characterized by intense vegetation coverage and highly developed stream network. The Antecedent precipitation index and Xinanjiang models (lumped) can obtain good simulation results in small humid catchments as long as long-term historical precipitation and runoff data are provided. The TOPMODEL also shows good performance in small humid catchments, but it is unable to simulate the flash floods characterized by the rapid rise and recession. Our results could be very beneficial in practice, since these provide a solid foundation in the selection of hydrological model for flash flood simulation in small catchments in hilly area.

scholarly journals Application of a distributed hydrological model to the design of a road inundation warning system for flash flood prone areas

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-A. Versini ◽  
E. Gaume ◽  
H. Andrieu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Stage Of Development

Abstract. This paper presents an initial prototype of a distributed hydrological model used to map possible road inundations in a region frequently exposed to severe flash floods: the Gard region (South of France). The prototype has been tested in a pseudo real-time mode on five recent flash flood events for which actual road inundations have been inventoried. The results are promising: close to 100% probability of detection of actual inundations, inundations detected before they were reported by the road management field teams with a false alarm ratios not exceeding 30%. This specific case study differs from the standard applications of rainfall-runoff models to produce flood forecasts, focussed on a single or a limited number of gauged river cross sections. It illustrates that, despite their lack of accuracy, hydro-meteorological forecasts based on rainfall-runoff models, especially distributed models, contain valuable information for flood event management. The possible consequences of landslides, debris flows and local erosion processes, sometimes associated with flash floods, were not considered at this stage of development of the prototype. They are limited in the Gard region but should be taken into account in future developments of the approach to implement it efficiently in other areas more exposed to these phenomena such as the Alpine area.

scholarly journals Post-event analysis and flash flood hydrology in Slovakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Hlavčová ◽  
Silvia Kohnová ◽  
Marco Borga ◽  
Oliver Horvát ◽  
Pavel Šťastný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Catchment Size ◽  
Flood Peaks

Abstract This work examines the main features of the flash flood regime in Central Europe as revealed by an analysis of flash floods that have occurred in Slovakia. The work is organized into the following two parts: The first part focuses on estimating the rainfall-runoff relationships for 3 major flash flood events, which were among the most severe events since 1998 and caused a loss of lives and a large amount of damage. The selected flash floods occurred on the 20th of July, 1998, in the Malá Svinka and Dubovický Creek basins; the 24th of July, 2001, at Štrbský Creek; and the 19th of June, 2004, at Turniansky Creek. The analysis aims to assess the flash flood peaks and rainfall-runoff properties by combining post-flood surveys and the application of hydrological and hydraulic post-event analyses. Next, a spatially-distributed hydrological model based on the availability of the raster information of the landscape’s topography, soil and vegetation properties, and rainfall data was used to simulate the runoff. The results from the application of the distributed hydrological model were used to analyse the consistency of the surveyed peak discharges with respect to the estimated rainfall properties and drainage basins. In the second part these data were combined with observations from flash flood events which were observed during the last 100 years and are focused on an analysis of the relationship between the flood peaks and the catchment area. The envelope curve was shown to exhibit a more pronounced decrease with the catchment size with respect to other flash flood relationships found in the Mediterranean region. The differences between the two relationships mainly reflect changes in the coverage of the storm sizes and hydrological characteristics between the two regions.

scholarly journals Rainfall interpolation based on flood simulation in northren China

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 03043
Author(s):  
Zhao Ran-hang ◽  
Zhou Lu ◽  
Li Hua-xing ◽  
Li Hong-tao ◽  
Qi Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Hilly Area ◽  
Interpolation Accuracy ◽  
Important Input

Due to the short duration, high intensity and sudden intensity of torrential rain, mountain torrents are easily formed in the northern hilly area.The distributed hydrological model is used as the main means of rain-flood forecasting. Rainfall as an important input,its spatial interpolation accuracy and time scale directly affect the forecast results.Therefore, in this paper, the spatial interpolation calculation and analysis of rainstorm process with hourly scale is carried out in the northern hilly area. Taking Licheng district in Jinan as the research area, the spatial interpolation methods, such as IDW,OK and OCK, are used to calculate the spatial interpolation of 16 time-by-time rainstorm processes for 11 typical rainfall with different duration, and the interpolation results are cross-validated and error analysis is carried out.The results show that the accuracy of the collaborative Kriging interpolation considering the elevation is higher in the short duration rainstorm process of the hilly area.

scholarly journals Methodology for post-event analysis of flash floods - Svacenický Creek case study

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Blaškovičová ◽  
Oliver Horvát ◽  
Kamila Hlavčová ◽  
Silvia Kohnová ◽  
Ján Szolgay
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Radar Rainfall ◽  
Flood Peak ◽  
Spatially Distributed

Methodology for post-event analysis of flash floods - Svacenický Creek case study In this paper a methodology for a post-event analysis of a flash flood and estimation of the flood peak and volume are developed and tested. The selected flash flood occurred on the 6th of June, 2009 in the Svacenický Creek Basin. To understand rainfall-runoff processes during this extreme flash flood, the runoff response was simulated using the spatially-distributed hydrological model KLEM (Kinematic Local Excess Model). The distributed hydrological model is based on the availability of raster information about the landscape's topography, soil and vegetation properties and radar rainfall data. In the model, the SCS-Curve Number procedure is applied to a grid for the spatially-distributed representation of the runoff-generating processes. A description of the drainage system's response is used to represent the runoff's routing. The simulated values achieved by the KLEM model were comparable with the maximum peak estimated on the basis of the post-event surveying. The consistency of the estimated and simulated values from the KLEM model was evident both in time and space, and the methodology has shown its practical applicability.

scholarly journals Assessment of flash floods taking into account climate change scenarios in the Llobregat River basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3145-3156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Velasco ◽  
P. A. Versini ◽  
A. Cabello ◽  
A. Barrera-Escoda
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Future ◽  
Peak Over Threshold ◽  
Llobregat River

Abstract. Global change may imply important changes in the future occurrence and intensity of extreme events. Climate scenarios characterizing these plausible changes were previously obtained for the Llobregat River basin (NE Spain). This paper presents the implementation of these scenarios in the HBV (Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning) hydrological model. Then, the expected changes in terms of flash flood occurrence and intensity are assessed for two different sub-basins: the Alt Llobregat and the Anoia (Llobregat River basin). The assessment of future flash floods has been done in terms of the intensity and occurrence of extreme events, using a peak over threshold (POT) analysis. For these two sub-basins, most of the simulated scenarios present an increase of the intensity of the peak discharge values. On the other hand, the future occurrence follows different trends in the two sub-basins: an increase is observed in Alt Llobregat but a decrease occurs in Anoia. Despite the uncertainties that appear in the whole process, the results obtained can shed some light on how future flash floods events may occur.

scholarly journals Comparative performance evaluation of self-adaptive differential evolution with GA, SCE and DE algorithms for the automatic calibration of a computationally intensive distributed hydrological model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saswata Nandi ◽  
M. Janga Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Automatic Calibration ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Vic Model ◽  
Adaptive Differential Evolution ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Self Adaptive

Abstract Recently, physically-based hydrological models have been gaining much popularity in various activities of water resources planning and management, such as assessment of basin water availability, floods, droughts, and reservoir operation. Every hydrological model contains some parameters that must be tuned to the catchment being studied to obtain reliable estimates from the model. This study evaluated the performance of different evolutionary algorithms, namely genetic algorithm (GA), shuffled complex evolution (SCE), differential evolution (DE), and self-adaptive differential evolution (SaDE) algorithm for the parameter calibration of a computationally intensive distributed hydrological model, variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model. The methodology applied and tested for a case study of the upper Tungabhadra River basin in India, and the performance of the algorithms is evaluated in terms of reliability, variability, efficacy measures in a limited number of function evaluations, their ability for achieving global convergence, and also by their capability to produce a skillful simulation of streamflows. The results of the study indicated that SaDE facilitates an effective calibration of the VIC model with higher reliability and faster convergence to optimal solutions as compared to the other methods. Moreover, due to the simplicity of the SaDE, it provides easy implementation and flexibility for the automatic calibration of complex hydrological models.

scholarly journals On the potential of variational calibration for a fully distributed hydrological model: application on a Mediterranean catchment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Jay-Allemand ◽  
Pierre Javelle ◽  
Igor Gejadze ◽  
Patrick Arnaud ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Malaterre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Radar Rainfall ◽  
Additional Constraints

Abstract. Flash flood alerts in metropolitan France are provided by SCHAPI (Service Central Hydrométéorologique et d’Appui à la Prévision des Inondations) through the Vigicrues Flash service, which is designed to work in ungauged catchments. The AIGA method implemented in Vigicrues Flash is designed for flood forecasting on small- and medium-scale watersheds. It is based on a distributed hydrological model accounting for spatial variability of the rainfall and the catchment properties, based on the radar rainfall observation inputs. Calibration of distributed parameters describing these properties with high resolution is difficult, both technically (in terms of the estimation method), and because of the identifiability issues. Indeed, the number of parameters to be calibrated is much greater than the number of spatial locations where the discharge observations are usually available. However, the flood propagation is a dynamic process, so observations have also a temporal dimension. This must be larger enough to comprise a representative set of events. In order to fully benefit from using the AIGA method, we consider its hydrological model (GRD) in combination with the variational estimation (data assimilation) method. In this method, the optimal set of parameters is found by minimizing the objective function which includes the misfit between the observed and predicted values and some additional constraints. The minimization process requires the gradient of the cost function with respect to all control parameters, which is efficiently computed using the adjoint model. The variational estimation method is scalable, fast converging, and offers a convenient framework for introducing additional constraints relevant to hydrology. It can be used both for calibrating the parameters and estimating the initial state of the hydrological system for short range forecasting (in a manner used in weather forecasting). The study area is the Gardon d’Anduze watershed where four gauging stations are available. In numerical experiments, the benefits of using the distributed against the uniform calibration are analysed in terms of the model predictive performance. Distributed calibration shows encouraging results with better model prediction at gauged and ungauged locations.

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