scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasites of the Polish primitive horses from the Biebrza National Park

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Slivinska ◽  
Z. Wróblewski ◽  
J. Gawor
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasite ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Small Strongyle ◽  
Anoplocephala Perfoliata ◽  
Habronema Muscae ◽  
Free Ranging

Summary Thirty-one Polish primitive horses (Equus caballus) from three herds (two from the reserve and onefrom the stable) were dewormed with ivermectin+praziquantel and examined for the gastrointestinalparasite fauna. A total of 21.231 parasites were collected from the faeces at 24, 36 and 48 hoursposttreatment. There were 35 nematode species, one cestode and one botfl y larva. Strongyloideswesteri infection was confirmed pretreatment by faecal sample examination and no threadwormspecimens were found after deworming. Large and small strongyle prevalence was 90 % – 100 % and represented by 31 species. Among a total of 25 cyathostome species recovered (from 19 to 24in each group), five species (C. catinatum, C. minutus, C. longibursatus, C. nassatus and C. ashworthi)had a prevalence of 100 % in three groups of horses. Meanwhile 14 species were 100 % prevalent in one herd. A total of six large strongyle species were found in adult horses. Oxyuris equiwas recorded in 60 – 100 % of the horses while Parascaris equorum was detected in 100 % of foalsand 16.7 % – 30 % of adult mares. Habronema muscae was found in 30 % of the horses from onefree-ranging herd. Tapeworms (Anoplocephala perfoliata) were found in 90 % of the horses from onefree-ranging group, whereas botfl y larvae (Gasterophilus intestinalis) were found in 50 – 80 % of allsurveyed horses. The present results are compared with earlier studies of Polish primitive wild horsesfrom similar reserves in Poland. A total of 36 gastrointestinal parasite species were recorded fromwild and stabled horses from the Biebrza National Park. This is in comparison with 35 such speciesin free-ranging and stabled horses from the Roztocze National Park and with 28 such species offree-ranginghorses from the Popielno forest reserve. Among parasites recovered, the highly prevalent S. vulgaris, tapeworms and botfl y larvae pose aserious risk of serious abdominal disorders in horses.

scholarly journals OCCURRENCE OF GASTRO-ITESTINAL PARASITES IN POLISH PRIMITIVE HORSES FROM THE ROZTOCZE NATIONAL PARK, POLAND

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Slivinska ◽  
Z. Wróblewski ◽  
J. Gawor
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasite ◽  
Parascaris Equorum ◽  
Anoplocephala Perfoliata ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Habronema Muscae

Abstract The study was performed to investigate the gastrointestinal parasite fauna using the method of diagnostic deworming in own modification in 29 Polish primitive horses (Equus caballus) from the Roztocze National Park, south-east of Poland. The parasite community was comprised of 35 species represented by three nematode families (Strongylidae, Ascaridae, Habronematidae), one cestode family (Anoplocephalidae) and larvae of insects from the family Gasterophilidae (Diptera). Strongylidae being 100 % prevalent was represented by 31 species from the subfamily Strongylinae (6 species) and Cyathostominae (25 species). Parascaris equorum was recorded in 48.3 %, Habronema muscae in 55.2 %, tapeworms (Anoplocephala perfoliata) in 24.1 % and Gasterophilus intestinalis larvae in 41.4 % of horses surveyed. The present results showed high prevalence of pathogenic intestinal parasites, which create the risk of health problems for horses living free in the reserve as well as stabled horses, when rarely treated.

scholarly journals Parasitological survey of Polish primitive horses (Equus caballus gmelini Ant.): influence of age, sex and management strategies on the parasite community

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Slivinska ◽  
V. Kharchenko ◽  
Z. Wróblewski ◽  
J. Gawor ◽  
T. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parascaris Equorum ◽  
Anoplocephala Perfoliata ◽  
Young Horses ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Strongyloides Westeri

Summary An extensive analysis of the relationship between age, sex, and different types of management strategies relative to the gastrointestinal parasite community of Polish primitive horses was performed on 124 horses maintained in nine farms from four regions of Poland. The horses (96 females and 28 males) were housed in three types of management strategies: stabled (ST), free-ranging (FR) and semi-free (SF). These horses also were divided into three age groups: <3 years, 3 – 10 years and >10 years old. The gastrointestinal parasites were collected following deworming of all horses with anthelmintics containing the macrocyclic lactones and praziquantel. Totally, 66,192 parasite specimens were collected and identified. The analysis of dependence of horse infection with intestinal nematodes using sex, age and management strategies demonstrated that females had significantly heavier infections of strongylids. Young horses (<3 years old) had higher infections of Parascaris equorum and Strongyloides westeri. Free ranging horses were more infected with strongylids, Oxyuris equi and Gasterophilus intestinalis. Thirty-five nematode species, one cestode and one species of the botfly larvae of Gasterophilus were found. Diagnostic deworming examination revealed presence of Parascaris equorum in 27.4 %, Oxyuris equi in 38.7 %, Habronema muscae in 16.9 %, Anoplocephala perfoliata in 42.7 % and Gasterophilus intestinalis in 46.8% in the Polish primitive horses examined. Strongyloides westeri presence was confirmed only by fecal samples examination; threadworms were not observed in these horses after deworming. In the strongylid community, 31 species (6 of subfamily Strongylinae and 25 of Cyathostominae) were found. Significant differences in prevalence of separate strongylid species, or their proportions in the communities were not observed between females and males, or between age groups (p > 0.05). The highest species diversity (n=30 or 31) was observed in the FR horses, the lowest (n=15) – in ST horses. The FR horses had higher prevalence and proportion of large strongyles in the community, in comparison to SF or ST horses (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Gastro-intestinal parasites in yearlings of wild Polish primitive horses from the Popielno Forest Reserve, Poland

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Slivinska ◽  
J. Gawor ◽  
Z. Jaworski
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Parascaris Equorum ◽  
Control Rules ◽  
Anoplocephala Perfoliata ◽  
First Time

AbstractTo evaluate the gastro-intestinal parasite fauna of the wild Polish primitive horses (Equus caballus gmelini Ant., forma silvatica Vet.), 11 yearlings captured in the Reserve according to the control rules of population dynamics were diagnostically dewormed with abamectin+praziquantel. Expelled parasites were collected from the faeces 24, 36 and 48 hours after treatment. Among a total of 4456 specimens (a mean 405.1 per horse) 27 nematode species, one cestode and one species of botfly larvae were recovered. Strongylids were 100 % prevalent and represented by 24 species (2 large strongylid and 22 cyathostome species). Five cyathostome species (Cylicodontophorus bicoronatus, C. insigne, Poteriostomum imparidentatum, Parapoteriostomum mettami and Gyalocephalus capitatus) were recorded for the first time in Polish primitive horses, whereas two species (Cyathostomum montgomeryi and Cylicostephanus bidentatus) were found for the first time in the horse in Poland. Oxyuris equi was found in 100 % and Parascaris equorum in 63.6 % of yearlings surveyed. Tapeworms (Anoplocephala perfoliata) were revealed in 72.7 %, while Gasterophilus intestinalis instars in 90.9 % of horses. At least three parasite species were highly prevalent (i.e. S. vulgaris, A. perfoliata and G. intestinalis), which might be a reason of serious abdominal disorders in Polish horses living freely in the reserve.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Parasite Community in a New Population of the Przewalski’s Horse (Equus Ferus Przewalskii) in the Orenburg State Reserve, Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Kuzmina ◽  
N. S. Zvegintsova ◽  
T. L. Zharkikh
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Community ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasite ◽  
Horse Population ◽  
The Family ◽  
Habronema Muscae ◽  
Mcmaster Method ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

Abstract The Przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus przewalskii, Poljakov, 1881) is an endangered subspecies of wild horses (Equus ferus) native to steppes of Central Asia. In 2015, the Program of Establishing of a Semi-Free Population of the Przewalski’s Horse in the Orenburg Reserve was launched by FGFI “Orenburg Reserves”. The first group of 6 Przewalski’s horses (2 males and 4 females) born in the semi-reserve Le Villaret, France, was transported to the Orenburg Reserve. Th e aim of this work was to investigate the species composition of the intestinal parasite community and to monitor the dynamics of the parasite infection of the newly established Przewalski’s horse population. The level of infection by gastrointestinal parasites within the horses was examined by the McMaster method. Gastrointestinal parasites were collected in vivo after deworming of the horses with macrocyclic lactone drug “Univerm” (0.2 % aversectin C, PharmBioMed, Russia). Totally, 20 species of parasites were found: 19 species of nematodes (species of the family Strongylidae and Habronema muscae) and one species of botflies from the genus Gasterophilus. Th e widest species diversity (18 species from 8 genera) was observed in strongylids: 2 species from the subfamily Strongylinae and 16 species from Cyathostominae. Distribution of strongylid species between ten prevalence classes revealed a bimodal structure (“core-satellite” mode) of the strongylid community. Th e results obtained in this study are to be considered as the initial data for the further parasitological monitoring of Przewalski’s horses at the Orenburg State Reserve.

Parasites and Pathological Findings in Enclosed and Free-Ranging Populations of Macropus Rufus (Demarest) (Marsupialia) at Menindee, New South Wales.

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Arundel ◽  
I Beveridge ◽  
PJ Presidente
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Macropus Rufus ◽  
Free Ranging

A total of 115 Macropus rufus was collected at bimonthly intervals at Menindee, New South Wales, Australia, in 1976 and 1977 and examined for parasites and pathological changes. The animals came from 2 populations, one free-ranging and the other a high-density, enclosed population in Kinchega National Park. No differences in species of helminths present, in prevalence or intensity of infection were noted between the 2 populations. The stomachs were infected with Labiostrongylus longispicularis (prevalence 87.8%), Rugopharynx australis (98.2%), Zoniolaimus spp. (81.6%), Cloacina spp. (71.1%), Papillostrongylus labiatus (47.4%) and Filarinema spp. (92.2%). Hypodontus macropi (93.0%) was the dominant species among the 2 species of cestodes and 3 of nematodes found in the intestine. Progamotaenia festiva (in 74.3%) was found in the bile ducts where it caused mild cholangitis. Only 2 nematode species, F. flagrifer and H. macropi, caused gross and histological lesions. Apart from L. longispicularis none of the helminths showed seasonal variations in prevalence or numbers. Data on worm numbers in relation to host age and on site distribution in the host are presented. The various haematological parameters measured showed no evidence of adverse effects by the parasites, and corticosteroid levels were judged to be within the normal range. The helminth faunas of 9 M. fuliginosus and one M. robustus, grazing sympatrically with M. rufus inside the park are listed. ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT: The parasites reported from 115 red kangaroos (Macropus rufus) in New South Wales in 1976-77 include Tracheomyia macropi (Frogg.), which infected the trachea in 54.5% of the kangaroos [see RAE/B 4, p. 122].

Molecular detection of Murshidia linstowi in a free-ranging dead elephant calf

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 15359-15363
Author(s):  
Sourabh Ranjan Hota ◽  
Sonali Sahoo ◽  
Manojita Dash ◽  
Avishek Pahari ◽  
Bijayendranath Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Buccal Capsule ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Maximum Similarity ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Free Ranging

Gastrointestinal helminths are ubiquitous in both domestic and wild animals. Infections are often sub-clinical except in circumstances of destabilization of host-parasite equilibrium by innate or environmental factors. The present case deals with microscopic and molecular diagnosis of Murshidia linstowi recovered from an elephant. A post-mortem examination of a free-ranging juvenile male elephant calf that had died of electrocution in Athagarh Wildlife Division revealed the presence of slender, whitish nematodes in the stomach. No gross lesions were noticed either in the site of predilection or any other internal organs. The average length of the parasites was 3.8cm.  These parasites were collected for further gross as well as microscopic examination following routine parasitological techniques. Temporary mounts prepared after cleaning the nematodes in lactophenol were observed under a microscope. Morphological features such as a well-developed mouth collar, large and globular buccal capsule with fine tubercles, cone shaped oesophageal funnel, short bursa having indistinctly divided lobes and closely apposed ventral rays and stout spicules with club shaped tips bent dorsally corroborated with that of M.linstowi (male). Amplification of the rDNA from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using universal nematode primers NC2 and NC5 revealed a product size of 870bp. The PCR product was subjected to sequencing followed by NCBI-BLAST which revealed 98% homology with M. linstowi. A phylogenetic study showed a maximum similarity with M.linstowi recovered from elephants in Kenya. This particular nematode species belonging to the family Strongylidae and sub-family Cyathostominae appears to be the first documented report in India.

Bridled Quail-dove Geotrygon mystacea population assessment after hurricanes Irma and Maria, St. Eustatius, Caribbean Netherlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
FRANK F. RIVERA-MILÁN ◽  
HANNAH MADDEN ◽  
KEVIN VERDEL
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Detection Mode ◽  
Limited Food ◽  
Seed Eating ◽  
Free Ranging

Summary Structural vegetation damage and food limitation are important effects of major hurricanes, particularly for fruit/seed-eating, forest-dependent Caribbean birds with restricted distributions and small populations, such as the Bridled Quail-dove Geotrygon mystacea. Motivated by the lack of abundance estimates, corrected for detection probability, we conducted distance-sampling surveys inside and outside the Quill National Park each May in 2016-2019. Detection mode was the most important covariate, with others receiving no support from the data. Detectability of available single individuals and clusters of individuals within 60 m of transect centrelines averaged 0.957 ± 0.114 standard error for audio detections, 0.434 ± 0.052 for visual detections, and 0.693 ± 0.064 for detection modes combined. Availability averaged 0.475 ± 0.138 and the product of detectability and availability averaged 0.329 ± 0.098. Density averaged 1.459 ± 0.277 individuals ha-1 and population size averaged 642 ± 122 individuals in 440 ha. Density did not differ along and away from forest trails, but was higher inside than outside the park and at elevations within 201-400 m than 100-200 m and 401-600 m. Density declined by 76% after hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. We suggest that major hurricanes together with free-ranging livestock overgrazing degraded foraging habitats, limited food supply, and caused a population bottleneck. Our methodology can be implemented across the distribution range to assess population status and trends and evaluate the result of management actions at key conservation sites. Bridled Quail-dove populations probably were declining on most islands before the 2017 hurricanes and population status warrants revision.

scholarly journals Ovarian cycle activity varies with respect to age and social status in free-ranging elephants in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. cot025-cot025 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Freeman ◽  
J. M. Meyer ◽  
S. B. Putman ◽  
B. A. Schulte ◽  
J. L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Status ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ovarian Cycle ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Description of Mesocriconema ericaceum n. sp. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) and notes on other nematode species discovered in an ericaceous heath bald community in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 879-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas O. Powers ◽  
Peter Mullin ◽  
Rebecca Higgins ◽  
Timothy Harris ◽  
Kirsten S. Powers
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains

A new species of Mesocriconema and a unique assemblage of plant-parasitic nematodes was discovered in a heath bald atop Brushy Mountain in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Mesocriconema ericaceum n. sp., a species with males, superficially resembles M. xenoplax. DNA barcoding with the mitochondrial COI gene provided evidence of the new species as a distinct lineage. SEM revealed significant variability in arrangement of labial submedian lobes, plates, and anterior and posterior annuli. Three other nematodes in the family Criconematidae were characterised from the heath bald. Ogma seymouri, when analysed by statistical parsimony, established connections with isolates from north-eastern Atlantic coastal and north-western Pacific coastal wet forests. Criconema loofi has a southern Gulf Coast distribution associated with boggy soils. Criconema cf. acriculum is known from northern coastal forests of California. Understanding linkages between these species and their distribution may lead to the broader development of a terrestrial soil nematode biogeography.

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