Mechanical properties and chemical composition of beech wood exposed for 30 and 120 days to white-rot fungi

Abstract The effects of exposing specimens of Oriental beech [Fagus sylvatica subsp. orientalis (Lipsky) Greuter and Burdet] to the white-rot fungi Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) Kummer and Trametes versicolor (L.: Fr.) Pilát strain 325 have been studied concerning the mechanical properties and chemical composition in terms of carbohydrates, cellulose, and lignin. Biological decay tests were carried out in accordance with the EN 113 standard specifications for 30 and 120 days. P. ostreatus had nearly the same deteriorating effects on the mechanical properties and chemical composition as that caused by T. versicolor. High and significant correlations were found between some mechanical properties with chemical components; for instance, the correlation coefficient (R2) between impact bending and carbohydrate content was about 0.96. The changes of components influence the various mechanical properties to a different degree. Incipient fungal decay caused severe changes for impact bending and carbohydrate loss. Several other properties declined at 120-day exposure time, such as the hardness, compression strength parallel to grain, and cellulose and lignin losses.

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Strength properties and natural durability of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) branch wood

Madera y Bosques ◽

10.21829/myb.2011.1711153 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 37-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F. J. Fuentes-Talavera ◽

J. A. Silva-Guzmán ◽

R. Rodríguez-Anda ◽

M. G. Lomelí-Ramírez ◽

R. Sanjuán-Dueñas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Persea Americana ◽

White Rot ◽

Natural Durability ◽

Agar Block ◽

Impact Bending ◽

Property Profile ◽

Branch Wood

This paper reports on mechanical properties and natural durability of avocado branch wood (Persea americana Mill.) with the objectives of providing a reliable property profile and to promote the rational use of this abundant yet largely neglected natural resource. The mechanical properties (static bending, compression, shear, impact bending) and hardness were determined in accordance with European standards (CEN). Natural durability was assessed according to the European standard EN 350-1 (agar block test) using the white rot fungi Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and the brown rot fungus Postia placenta. Avocado trees yield a low to medium density (0,44-0,54-0,64 g/cm3 at 12% mc) branch wood with below average strength under static bending, compression and tension parallel to the grain and average values for longitudinal shear, impact bending and hardness. The wood is rated non-resistant (class 5 according to EN 350-1) and thus is not suitable for exterior applications unless treated. Considering its property profile and the small dimensions available, avocado wood is recommended for general carpentry, furniture, interior paneling, glue-boards for closets and cabinets, and glue-lams for indoor framework.

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Evaluation of Compressive Strength of Decayed Wood in Magnolia obovata

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry ◽

10.48044/jauf.2010.011 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 81-85

Author(s):

Kahoru Matsumoto ◽

Futoshi Ishiguri ◽

Kazuya Iizuka ◽

Shinso Yokota ◽

Naoto Habu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Early Stage ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Soft Rot ◽

White Rot ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Magnolia Obovata ◽

Weight Loss Ratio

To obtain the basic information needed to estimate the degree of decay from compressive strength measured using a Fractometer (CS), relationships between CS and the contents of chemical components were analyzed for Magnolia wood decayed by three types fungi (brown rot, white rot, and soft rot fungi) at various decay levels. Weight loss ratio was significantly, negatively correlated with CS in woods decayed by brown rot and white rot fungi. In addition, a relatively high correlation coefficient was recognized between CS and holocellulose or α-cellulose content, except for wood decayed by soft rot fungus. The results obtained showed that Fractometer can detect the decrease of CS at relatively early stage of decay.

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The Impact of Paraffin-Thermal Modification of Beech Wood on Its Biological, Physical and Mechanical Properties

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10121102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1102 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ladislav Reinprecht ◽

Miroslav Repák

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Beech Wood ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Brown Rot ◽

European Beech ◽

White Rot ◽

White Rot Fungus ◽

Poria Placenta ◽

The Impact

The European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood was thermally modified in the presence of paraffin at the temperatures of 190 or 210 °C for 1, 2, 3 or 4 h. A significant increase in its resistance to the brown-rot fungus Poria placenta (by 71.4%–98.4%) and the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor (by 50.1%–99.5%) was observed as a result of all modification modes. However, an increase in the resistance of beech wood surfaces to the mold Aspergillus niger was achieved only under more severe modification regimes taking 4 h at 190 or 210 °C. Water resistance of paraffin-thermally modified beech wood improved—soaking reduced by 30.2%–35.8% and volume swelling by 26.8%–62.9% after 336 h of exposure in water. On the contrary, its mechanical properties worsened—impact bending strength decreased by 17.8%–48.3% and Brinell hardness by 2.4%–63.9%.

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The influence of urea and white rot fungi on the nutritional value of wheat straw

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200000600 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 2000 ◽

pp. 59-59

Author(s):

Y Rouzbehan ◽

H. Fazaeli ◽

A. Kiani

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Solid State ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Animal Feed ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot ◽

Complex Process ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Low Nitrogen

In Iran, wheat straw which is produced in huge amounts has been used in animal feed. However, the use of straw as animal feed is limited by its low nutritional value and its low nitrogen content. Various chemical delignification methods to improve the digestibility of straw have extensively investigated (Sundstol and Owen, 1984). Biological methods of treating straw using fungi such as white-rot-fungi have also been reported (Zadrazil, 1984). The solid state fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw with white-rot fungi is a complex process which is influenced by factors such as the species of fungus, substrate, temperature and moisture (Zadrazil, 1984). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pre-treating the straw with urea and incubation with two species of Pleurotus fungi on the chemical composition and digestibility of wheat straw.

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