Reichstag Connections in Pre- and Interwar Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-185
Author(s):  
Alexander Opitz
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
Constitutional Monarchy

Abstract This article documents widespread connections between stock companies and active or retired politicians in Germany during two distinct political regimes: constitutional monarchy and democracy. These differed largely regarding possible channels of influence, along with the power of the parliament. Despite the theoretical differences, the overall share of connected firms is approximately the same, implying that linking up with the Reichstag was already attractive in Imperial times. Moreover, the prevalence of political connections varied largely between sectors and political parties.

scholarly journals Nepal: From Constitutional Monarchy to a Republican State (1990-2008)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Ratna Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
Constituent Assembly ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
Good Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maoist Movement ◽  
Democratic Constitution ◽  
Constitutional Monarchy

The peoples’ movement of 1990 was a great landmark in the history of modern Nepal for it ended the three-decades of the old dictatorial rule of the king and established a parliamentary system with the king as a nominal head of state. But unfortunately, the country could not form a good government because of inter and intra-party conflicts. To add fuel to the flame, the rise of the Maoist movement and the royal massacre put the country in a state of confusion and uncertainty. The new king tried to revive dictatorial rule once again by suppressing the political parties and the Maoists. But his attempts failed, and the 19-day movement in 2006 re-established peoples’ sovereignty in the country. The first meeting of the elected constituent assembly in 2008 formally ended monarchy and declared Nepal a republic. But the first constituent assembly ended its four–year term without drafting a constitution. The second constituent assembly has pledged to promulgate a democratic constitution by January 2015, but all indications are that that the country is unlikely to get a constitution in time.  

scholarly journals The Synergistic Financial Effect of Corporate Political Activities: The Case of Listed Canadian Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Saidatou Dicko
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Political Capital ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Corporate Political Activities ◽  
Key Resources

Corporate political activities can bring genuine political capital to firms and are an effective way to access key resources to boost financial capital and maximize profits. These activities fall into three categories: coopting ex-politicians to decision-making bodies (board of directors and top management) to benefit from their social capital; lobbying to directly influence public policy; and making financial contributions to the activities of political parties and committees. This study asks the following question: what is the combined effect of two of these activities (political connections and lobbying) on the financial and accounting indicators of Canadian listed companies? We argue that engaging in corporate political activities allows firms to accumulate a type of political capital that we define as the sum of all political activities conducted by an individual company. To perform our research, we analyzed Canadian companies listed on the S&P/TSX composite index from 2012 through 2016. Results show that firms with this type of political capital are generally in a better financial position than those without it. A significant correlation was found between a firm’s political capital and its main sources of financing (equity and long-term debt) as well as with its ROE. Political capital has more positive impacts on key firm financial indicators than does each type of political activity on its own (synergistic effect).

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Southern Caucasus Countries’ Political Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 88-101
Author(s):  
Konstantine Shubitidze ◽  
Tornike Tevdoradze
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Political System ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Southern Caucasus ◽  
Points Of View

Caucasus is one of the most popular region for the world in the political view. Three countries – Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan – are part of that region. Despite of the close ties between them and the neighborhood, they have political system similarities and differences as well.  In the paper, we will discuss and compare those three countries from different points of view: political regimes, types of government, number of ministries, economics, political culture, political parties in the parliament and demography. We will find out which country is much forward in these spares, what are their problems and perspectives, what their main political course is and how they interact to each other. In addition to that, we will also discuss and prove our statements by the statistical data of democracy level or political transparency. In addition, it will show some actual problems in the region to the reader and finally it will draw clear picture of the political environment in the region. Keywords: Political Regimes, Democracy, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Ministries, Government, Political Parties, Demography, Economy, Political Culture

scholarly journals Towards conservatism? Party politics in Slovakia at the end of the 2010s

European View ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marián Sekerák
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Traditional Family

The Slovak political system has changed rapidly since the Republic’s formation in 1993. Today the number of ideologically conservative political parties is rapidly rising. This article clarifies some aspects of recent party-political developments in Slovakia. To provide an overview, only the most important social milestones have been taken into account. Specifically, the 2015 referendum on the protection of the ‘traditional family’, the mass civic protests that erupted in 2012 and 2018, and the business–mafia–political connections that have been exposed will be discussed.

Populism in Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Ideological Discourse ◽  
Cultural Performances ◽  
Over Time

The populist modifier has been applied frequently in Africa to refer to very distinct phenomena. At the same time, Africa represents an especially challenging case for delineating populism due to the predominance of personalistic leaders and the lack of policy ideology underlying many political parties. Therefore, this chapter argues that a cumulative conceptual approach provides the most analytical leverage in discerning African cases of populism. A cumulative approach aggregates attributes commonly associated with a concept, and the more attributes that exist, the closer an example fits the conceptual ideal. Consequently, the chapter suggests that populism is present only when it manifests as a political strategy bolstered by ideological discourse and socio-cultural performances. The chapter then reviews the utility of this cumulative conceptualism by comparing episodes of populism in Africa over time and delineating attributes that have persisted despite different country contexts and political regimes.

scholarly journals The Second Constitutional Monarchy Period which is an Important Milestone in Turkish Political Traditional: Power, Politics, Bureaucracy

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Zübeyir Barutçu
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Democratic Movement ◽  
Democratic Culture ◽  
Young Turks ◽  
Turkish State ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Constitutional Monarchy ◽  
Important Milestone

The second constitutional monarchy period is an important milestone in both the customs and legacies it handed down to Turkish political culture and the specific characteristics of the period. The movement which a group of enlightened people and especially the young Turks lead made II.Abdülhamit declare the constitutional monarchy in 1908. From this point of view, we can say that the constitutional monarchy is the most comprehensive democratic movement in the Ottoman State. However, for the Young Turks who were the founders of freedom, the problem of saving the country rather than freedom was the main aim of their politics. The second constitutional monarchy is the first sample of multiparty system. With the collapse of monarchy, a constitutional system was formed and political parties which are indispensables of democracy were established. This inevitably contributed the development of democratic culture in power/opposition conflict. But, this disagreement focused "intolerance" in politics rather than increasing the ability of conflicting culture acceptance. An important aspect of the second constitutional monarchy is that it passes the strong burocracy tradition on commonwealth burocracy. This situation has closely impressed Turkish state tradition. Another issue that makes the period important is the thoughts and actions of Young Turks. in the direction of this data, rather than what the second constitutional monarchy has brought, how this return has affected the political power tradition in view of political heritage and in what aspects it has influenced the burocracy and democracy tradition have been aimed in this study. Several scientific sources related to the topic have been searched and a point of view has been reached in order to reach this aim.

Dynamics of American Political Parties

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Brewer ◽  
Jeffrey M. Stonecash
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties
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