PHYSICAL-SPATIAL ASPECT IN LOCAL EXPRESSION OF TOWNSCAPE ON SAMIRONO YOGYAKARTA

- Cities change by time to time physically and non-physically. The city development produces a distinctive character even in the smallest urban creature. This distinctive character does not take quickly but is slowly and full of challenges. Townscape is a visual impression of buildings arrangement, roads, and spaces those are expressed organically to form urban spaces. Therefore, a townscape that exists in an urban area is created on delevlopment or grows by unintentionally. Apart from that, the character of a townscape from one place is different from the other. The townscapes had been created and specific in each place. The literatures for this research are: 'The Concise Townscape', 'The Aesthetic Townscape', and 'Road Form and Townscape'. The three literatures describe the existence of townscape in Europe and Japan. This is the basic knowledge in townscape and how it is applied in Indonesia, especially in the city of Yogyakarta. The urban space chosen in this research is Padukuhan Samirono. Padukuhan Samirono is located in the north of Yogyakarta City and is very close to Gadjah Mada University and Negri Yogyakarta University. Padukuhan Samirono is known as an area that provides student accomodation. The community still stand fot maintaining their cultural habit such as gathering, cultural performances, and parades. This study examines the Townscape in Padukuhan Samirono. The social and cultural activities expressed their locality as seen as in its townscape. The pictorial analysis method identify the elements of townscapes wich effects the urban space. By describing the elements of urban space with 7 factors: nature elements, space organization, mass, proportion, activity, carving, and streetscape, the local expression criteria of Padukuhan Samirono’s can be formulated. Based on observations, the local expression of townscape on Samirono changes into a modern form. This research attempts to enhance people’s aprrectiation about townscape, especially townscape in Indonesia. Key Words: townscape, pictorial analysis, Samirono, Javanese, locality

(Re)Viewing the Other: Gender Subversions in IndoFijian Performances

<p>Cultural performances are more than forms of entertainment and vehicles for conveying social and religious traditions. These acts are political acts that can exceed their role of promulgating hegemonic formations and instead be used to subvert and deconstruct existing social realities. This doctoral research focuses on performances that subvert IndoFijian heteronormative gender(s), namely: performances by female singers of qawwali, a genre of competitive singing historically exclusive to males; and lahanga naach, dances by cross-dressed males in Fiji and in the IndoFijian diaspora in New Zealand. Situated within the interdisciplinary field of Pacific Studies, this research draws upon cultural and gender studies as well as materials and knowledge from and about Pacific and Indian cultures to examine these cultural performances. Concepts such as Butler’s theory of performativity and Hall’s theory of articulation are employed to argue that cultural performances are performative in the sense that they not only depict what already exists, but initiate and materialise what can be. This argument is discussed and illustrated through both ethnographic and historical engagement and research methods, interweaving transcriptions of performances with relevant academic literature and oral history interviews of performers as well as cultural experts represented by community leaders, academics and gender activists. This dissertation begins by discussing the idea of a liminal other in relation to ethnic and gender identities and establishes the liminal other’s position in the overarching argument of this research. This is followed by detailed descriptions and analysis of qawwali and lahanga naach, respectively, in accordance with an additional research objective of documenting and creating archival records for these two performance genres. The latter part of the dissertation returns to themes of gender subversion, hegemony and performativity, discussing examples of the real-life implications of embodying liminal identities. The dissertation concludes by emphasising the need for more research on performance cultures in the Pacific and draws attention to how individual agency can promote social change and impact meaning-making mechanisms of social groups through the means of cultural performance. Importantly, this research presents an alternative outlook on the gendered understandings of IndoFijians by including the voices of the disadvantaged who occupy liminal spaces in society.</p>

(Re)Viewing the Other: Gender Subversions in IndoFijian Performances

<p>Cultural performances are more than forms of entertainment and vehicles for conveying social and religious traditions. These acts are political acts that can exceed their role of promulgating hegemonic formations and instead be used to subvert and deconstruct existing social realities. This doctoral research focuses on performances that subvert IndoFijian heteronormative gender(s), namely: performances by female singers of qawwali, a genre of competitive singing historically exclusive to males; and lahanga naach, dances by cross-dressed males in Fiji and in the IndoFijian diaspora in New Zealand. Situated within the interdisciplinary field of Pacific Studies, this research draws upon cultural and gender studies as well as materials and knowledge from and about Pacific and Indian cultures to examine these cultural performances. Concepts such as Butler’s theory of performativity and Hall’s theory of articulation are employed to argue that cultural performances are performative in the sense that they not only depict what already exists, but initiate and materialise what can be. This argument is discussed and illustrated through both ethnographic and historical engagement and research methods, interweaving transcriptions of performances with relevant academic literature and oral history interviews of performers as well as cultural experts represented by community leaders, academics and gender activists. This dissertation begins by discussing the idea of a liminal other in relation to ethnic and gender identities and establishes the liminal other’s position in the overarching argument of this research. This is followed by detailed descriptions and analysis of qawwali and lahanga naach, respectively, in accordance with an additional research objective of documenting and creating archival records for these two performance genres. The latter part of the dissertation returns to themes of gender subversion, hegemony and performativity, discussing examples of the real-life implications of embodying liminal identities. The dissertation concludes by emphasising the need for more research on performance cultures in the Pacific and draws attention to how individual agency can promote social change and impact meaning-making mechanisms of social groups through the means of cultural performance. Importantly, this research presents an alternative outlook on the gendered understandings of IndoFijians by including the voices of the disadvantaged who occupy liminal spaces in society.</p>

The Batwa Trail: developing agency and cultural self-determination in Uganda through Indigenous tourism and cultural performance

This article examines how Batwa—the Indigenous peoples of Southwestern Uganda—negotiate agency and cultural self-determination through touristic cultural performances held during the Batwa Trail, an Indigenous tourist attraction in Mgahinga Forest, Southwestern Uganda. I take a theoretical model that approaches Indigenous tourism and touristic cultural performances as a site of social interaction where identity and representation are negotiated. The touristic performances are crucial in articulating Batwa performance culture and as a forum where counter-narratives against the stereotypes and marginalities associated with Batwa culture are constructed. I argue that touristic performances are a strategic form of experiential and embodied practice through which Batwa identity is negotiated and expressed.

THE ROLE OF TOURISM SECTOR IN INCREASING THE INCOME OF ORANG ASLI WOMEN

The problem of poverty is a major problem that has plagued the Orang Asli community since a long time ago. The tourism sector is seen as a sector that can contribute income to this group without having to spend large capital. The role of women in the process of community development is seen as a holistic solution where they could be able to contribute to the progress and development of society and the country. Through the tourism sector, women from the community Orang Asli are able to market their products, skills, and abilities through the production of handicrafts and cultural performances. The study was conducted qualitatively by focusing on women from the Mah Meri tribe in Kampung Sungai Bumbun, Carey Island, Selangor. This location was chosen because the expansion, provision of facilities, and centralization of tourism activities are widely implemented here. The selected respondents are those who have been actively involved in the production of handicrafts and cultural activities. The findings of the study show that the tourism sector is able to bring significant changes where the women of the Mah Meri can increase their income compared to before joining the tourism sector. Through this study, it is hoped to provide a clear view of the role of the tourism sector in increasing the income of Orang Asli women.

Aplikasi Pengenalan Budaya Jawa Tengah menggunakan Virtual Reality Berbasis Android

At this time, it is very difficult to introduce culture to students in school, and this is also involved to children do not recognizing their own culture. Many schools have so limited funds to go to museums or cultural performances, especially school which are far from the capital city. Therefore, it is necessary to make an android-based application using Virtual Reality. This writing describes about a method of designing and making Central Javanese cultural learning-application for elementary and secondary school students by utilizing technological developments, one of the fields is education. In the field of education, Virtual Reality can be used as a learning media which is able to make it more attractive. This Virtual Reality technology can be applied in regional cultural learning systems, one of this is the introduction of Central Javanese culture. The use of Virtual Reality technology is expected to be able to display objects in the form of musical instruments, traditional clothes, traditional houses, paintings and traditional weapons in virtual 3D using images which can used to be markers. This making of cultural learning application using Unity, Blender, and SketchUp. The development of this application uses the waterfall model where this method pays close attention to the design of the analysis, design, implementation and testing. With this research, it is hoped that it can help students in Central Java to get to know their culture. This application is specified for students specifically for elementary and secondary schools based on Android. This application is expected to be used as an interactive alternative media besides books, so it’s able to make students more interest on learning Central Javanese culture. This application will be made by using Unity and other assistive software and finally it will be refined with VR Box hardware to make it more real. Keywords: Virtual Reality, Unity, Budaya, Blender, SketchUp, Waterfall.

Tourism Event Analytics with Mobile Phone Data

Tourism has been an increasingly significant contributor to the economy, society, and environment. Policy-making and research on tourism traditionally rely on surveys and economic datasets, which are based on small samples and depict tourism dynamics at a low granularity. Anonymous call detail record (CDR) is a novel source of data with enormous potential in areas of high societal value: epidemics, poverty, and urban development. This study demonstrates the added value of CDR in event tourism, especially for the analysis and evaluation of marketing strategies, event operations, and the externalities at the local and national levels. To achieve this aim, we formalize 14 indicators in high spatial and temporal resolutions to measure both the positive and the negative impacts of the touristic events. We exemplify the use of these indicators in a tourism country, Andorra, on 22 high-impact events including sports competitions, cultural performances, and music festivals. We analyze these touristic events using the large-scale CDR data across 2 years. Our approach serves as a prescriptive and a diagnostic tool with mobile phone data and opens up future directions for tourism analytics.

Bhada Tharu Homestay: Building National Integrity through Cultural Performance

This article studies the challenges of modernity in Tharu people’s way of life and how successfully they have sustained to maintain aesthetics of ethnicity coping together with modernity. The scholarly discussion of the impact of ritual performances of Tharu people to identify themselves in the national and international domain through the socio-cultural aspect of homestays provides us insight into how Tharus have become successful in preserving the memory of identity through cultural heritage. This study confines its approach within the Bhada village of Kailali district. It examines the progressive changes institutionalized after the homestay programmes in socio-cultural development of Tharu people’s cultural performances facing urbanization. Homestay programmes in the Tharu village of Kailali district have accelerated their financial advancement chiefly by their exceptionally distinct social-cultural legacies of rituals and performances. With the assistance of various exploration reports, it essentially analyzes the part of social execution like dance melodies among Tharu people to bear the progressions for economic exercises and vocation. With the assistance of Devkota and Bhattarai’s notion of homestays and rural development, the paper legitimizes the imminent practical development in the indigenous community by analyzing the issues from culture to modernity.

Cultural Transformation of Farmers and Cycle Panji in the Puppet Krucil

The farmer cultural system is based on tillage and planting cycles. The patterns produced from system tillage and planting cycles then form a system of civilization based on the future of the garden or tillage. The agrarian ecological system inspired cultural expression that is manifested in a variety of cultural activities. One of the cultural poducts of farmers is the stories of the wayang Krucil, who were involved in the Panji cycle. Krucil puppet art shows are cultural performances that are creative and reflect the spirit of the times. Panji stories in the puppet Krucil can be described by their constituent structures. Cultural farmers are very dependent on the presence of the sun and water, so the sun and water symbols are very dominant. The structure of peasant culture can be demonstrated by a reciprocal relationship between humans, the sun, water and air. Symbols can transform into various forms. The transformed symbols of the sun and water can be found in the model of the stage, the structure of the story, and the depiction of the characters in the puppet Krucil. Agrarian society has always had mechanisms to develop their culture, including developing cultural patterns that are different from the maritime community. Keywords: farmer culture, pennant cycle, puppet Krucil

Lyric Theatre – between #rezist and #exist

In general, the arts and, in particular, the performing arts are proving to be both affected and sensitive, reactive to societal convulsions, regardless of their nature. Performance institutions are dependent not only on the audience they have created, but, above all, on the funding through which they can shape and convey their artistic message. Overall, crisis situations are associated with a negative context, expressing a stage marked by great difficulties (financial, economic, political) that impact all areas with a domino effect. In such situations, cultural institutions, particularly those in the performances arts0 and especially lyric theaters become one of the predilect victims to suffer from the rationalization of resources, being considered inessential, the perfect sacrificial pawn. But, at the pinnacle of a crisis, cultural performances, drawing from the creator-artist relation, commit to become a coagulating, driving, regenerating social factor, like a Phoenix rising from its ashes. A great such example is Ciprian Porumbescu’s operetta, „Crai Nou”, which held great significance for the Romanian identity when it was first released to the public.