scholarly journals Text comprehension in Czech fourth-grade children with dyslexia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Klára Špačková
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Comprehension Task ◽  
Developing Readers ◽  
Component Skills

AbstractIn the Czech Republic, the concept of dyslexia is used as a global term for various developmental deficiencies relating to reading skills. The criteria used for dyslexia are not clear and intervention is solely focused on word reading training. Not much is known about the pattern and level of reading comprehension abilities among Czech readers. The study examines reading comprehension and its component skills (decoding and listening comprehension abilities) in 32 Czech fourth-grade children with a formal diagnosis of dyslexia and their classmates (N=126). In decoding tests, the children with dyslexia surprisingly lagged behind most significantly in a task concerning speed and accuracy in context reading. Contrary to expectations, the children with dyslexia also showed inferiority in a listening comprehension task. In reading comprehension measures, in comparison to the typically developing readers, the children with dyslexia achieved the best results in a oral reading comprehension task. The results are discussed with respect to Czech counselling and educational practice and the need for changes in the current support system and terminology is stressed.

Examining the Reading and Cognitive Profiles of Students With Significant Reading Comprehension Difficulties

2021 ◽  
pp. 073194872198997
Author(s):  
Philip Capin ◽  
Eunsoo Cho ◽  
Jeremy Miciak ◽  
Greg Roberts ◽  
Sharon Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Cognitive Predictors ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Fourth Grade Students

This study investigated the word reading and listening comprehension difficulties of fourth-grade students with significant reading comprehension deficits and the cognitive difficulties that underlie these weaknesses. Latent profile analysis was used to classify a sample of fourth-grade students ( n = 446) who scored below the 16th percentile on a measure of reading comprehension into subgroups based on their performance in word reading (WR) and listening comprehension (LC). Three latent profiles emerged: (a) moderate deficits in both WR and LC of similar severity (91%), (b) severe deficit in WR paired with moderate LC deficit (5%), and (c) severe deficit in LC with moderate WR difficulties (4%). Analyses examining the associations between cognitive attributes and group membership indicated students with lower performance on cognitive predictors were more likely to be in a severe subgroup. Implications for educators targeting improved reading performance for upper elementary students with significant reading difficulties were discussed.

scholarly journals PERAN MEMBACA AWAL TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN BACAAN PADA SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Amalia Novita Retaminingrum ◽  
Sri Tiatri ◽  
Soemiarti Patmonodewo
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Oral Reading Fluency ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Reading Assessment ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
Early Grade

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji peran kelancaran membaca awal terhadap pemahaman bacaan. Partisipan adalah 150 siswa kelas empat. Partisipan diberi satu set asesmen yang mencakup beberapa komponen kelancaran membaca awal dan pengukuran atas pemahaman bacaan  fiksi dan non fiksi. Kelancaran membaca awal diukur dengan Early Grade Reading Assessment yang mengukur letter name identification, segmentation (phoneme or syllables), non word reading, oral reading fluency, reading comprehension, listening comprehension, vocabulary, dan dictation.  Pemahaman bacaan fiksi dan non fiksi diukur melalui tes yang dikembangkan berdasarkan Curriculum Based Assessment dari Kurikulum 2013 Indonesia. Analisis regresi dilakukan pada penelitian ini, dan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada dua komponen kelancaran membaca awal yang berhubungan dengan pemahaman bacaan. The goal of this study was to examine the role of early reading fluency in reading comprehension. Participants were 150 fourth-grade children. They were given an assessment that included multiple components of early reading fluency, and a fiction and non fiction text to measure their reading comprehension. For early reading fluency, this study used Early Grade Reading Assessment which measures of letter name identification, segmentation (phoneme or syllables), non word reading, oral reading fluency, reading comprehension, listening comprehension, vocabulary, and dictation. For fiction and non-fiction reading comprehension, this study use Curriculum Based Assessment from 2013 Indonesian Curriculum. Regression analyses were undertaken, the results showed that there are two component of early reading fluency which related to reading comprehension. 

scholarly journals Components of Reading Skill in Postkindergarten Precocious Readers and Level-Matched Second Graders

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Ewald Jackson ◽  
Gary W. Donaldson ◽  
Joseph R. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Word Reading ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Developing Readers ◽  
Component Skills ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
Disabled Readers ◽  
Average Readers

Precocious readers are children who have made exceptionally rapid progress in beginning literacy. This study of precocious readers was designed to describe their skills in two ways: (a) by identifying any special strengths or weaknesses in precocious readers' component skills, relative to the skills of older but less rapidly developing readers, and (b) by identifying the extent to which individual differences in the skill patterns of precocious readers are multidimensional. The cognitive, word-reading, and text-reading skills of 116 postkindergarten precocious readers were compared with those of 123 second graders, mostly above-average readers, who were matched with the precocious readers on reading comprehension level. The two groups were compared using multiple-indicator modeling techniques. The same factor pattern accounted for the performance of both groups on a set of 29 measures. Therefore, comparisons of factor mean levels and factor covariances were interpretable. No meaningful weaknesses were identified in the average skill pattern of postkindergarten precocious readers. Their strengths tended to mirror weaknesses often identified among disabled readers. Precocious readers are especially rapid text readers, and they also are accurate identifiers of individual words, able to draw on strong phonological analysis skills as well as orthographic processes. However, covariances between orthographic and phonological word identification and between oral text-reading accuracy and effectiveness were lower for precocious than for second-grade readers, suggesting a diversity of skill patterns among highly able beginning readers.

scholarly journals Cognitive Skills Involved in Reading Comprehension of Adolescents with Low Educational Opportunities

Languages ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Valeria Abusamra ◽  
Micaela Difalcis ◽  
Gisela Martínez ◽  
Daniel Low ◽  
Jesica Formoso
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
School Students ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Reading Comprehension Skills

Reading comprehension is a fundamental resource for educational and social development. It is a skill that brings into play a diverse and complex set of processes and cognitive functions based on building a mental representation of a given text. We set out to study how different domain-general and linguistic abilities explain text comprehension in a population of secondary school students with low educational opportunities. The sample consisted of 45 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15 from two secondary schools in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Each participant was evaluated both in-group and individually for three sessions during school hours. A text comprehension screening test and a battery of tasks that measure different underlying cognitive processes were administered. Using multiple linear regression, we found that vocabulary, non-word reading, and verbal inhibition are the skills that best explain reading comprehension skills. Understanding how much different domain-general and linguistic subprocesses are associated with text comprehension is key to designing effective interventions that are also grounded in theory.

Acoustic Features of Oral Reading Prosody and the Relation With Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension in Taiwanese Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wei-Lun Chung ◽  
Gavin M. Bidelman
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Pause Duration ◽  
Third Graders ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Fluency And Comprehension ◽  
Reading Prosody

Purpose: The study aimed to examine whether oral reading prosody—the use of acoustic features (e.g., pitch and duration variations) when reading passages aloud—predicts reading fluency and comprehension abilities. Method: We measured vocabulary, syntax, word reading, reading fluency (including rate and accuracy), reading comprehension (in Grades 3 and 4), and oral reading prosody in Taiwanese third-grade children ( N  = 109). In the oral reading prosody task, children were asked to read aloud a passage designed for third graders and then to answer forced-choice questions. Their oral reading prosody was measured through acoustic analyses including the number of pause intrusions, intersentential pause duration, phrase-final comma pause duration, child–adult pitch match, and sentence-final pitch change. Results: Analyses of variance revealed that children's number of pause intrusions differed as a function of word reading. After controlling for age, vocabulary and syntactic knowledge, and word reading, we found that different dimensions of oral reading prosody contributed to reading rate. In contrast, the number of pause intrusions, phrase-final comma pause duration, and child–adult pitch match predicted reading accuracy and comprehension. Conclusions: Oral reading prosody plays an important role in children's reading fluency and reading comprehension in tone languages like Mandarin. Specifically, children need to read texts prosodically as evidenced by fewer pause intrusions, shorter phrase-final comma pause duration, and closer child–adult pitch match, which are early predictive makers of reading fluency and comprehension.

Reading and Listening Comprehension in Individuals With Down Syndrome and Word Reading–Matched Typically Developing Children

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alison Prahl ◽  
C. Melanie Schuele
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Reading Success ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the reading comprehension and listening comprehension performance of English-speaking children with Down syndrome (DS) compared with word reading–matched typically developing (TD) children. Method: Participants included 19 individuals with DS ( M age = 17;2 [years;months], range: 11;1–22;9) and 19 word reading–matched TD children ( M age = 7;2, range: 6;6–8;1). Participants completed three norm-referenced measures of reading comprehension and three norm-referenced measures of listening comprehension. Dependent variables were raw scores on each measure, with the exception of scaled scores on one reading comprehension measure. Results: Independent-samples t tests with Bonferroni-adjusted alpha levels of .008 revealed a significant between-groups difference for two of three reading comprehension measures. The mean raw scores were lower for the DS group than the TD group, with large effect sizes. Independent-samples t tests with Bonferroni-adjusted alpha levels of .008 revealed a significant between-groups difference for three of three listening comprehension measures. The mean raw scores on the three measures were lower for the DS group than the TD group, with large effect sizes. Conclusions: The DS group, despite being matched on word reading to the TD group, demonstrated reduced reading comprehension skills as compared with the TD group. Thus, as individuals with DS acquire word reading skills, it appears that they are unable to translate word reading success to achieve reading comprehension at the expected level (i.e., as indexed by typical readers). The between-groups differences in listening comprehension suggest that deficits in listening comprehension likely are a barrier to reading comprehension proficiency for children with DS. Listening comprehension may be a malleable factor that can be targeted to improve reading comprehension outcomes for individuals with DS.

Skill Moderators of the Effects of a Reading Comprehension Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan H. Clemens ◽  
Eric Oslund ◽  
Oi-man Kwok ◽  
Melissa Fogarty ◽  
Deborah Simmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Struggling Readers ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Experimental Intervention

This study utilized secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial and investigated the extent to which prestest word identification efficiency, reading fluency, and vocabulary knowledge moderated the effects of an intervention on reading comprehension outcomes for struggling readers in sixth through eighth grades. Given that the experimental intervention included components that targeted word reading, reading fluency, and vocabulary, we hypothesized that students with lower pretest performance in those skill domains would benefit more from the intervention compared to students with relatively stronger pretest performance or students who received school-implemented (business-as-usual) intervention. Results indicated that pretest word identification efficiency and vocabulary did not moderate the effects of the intervention; however, moderation effects were observed for pretest oral reading fluency such that reading comprehension gains of students with lower pretest fluency were greater in the experimental intervention compared to students with higher pretest fluency or in the comparison condition. Reasons for the moderation effect are discussed. Findings underscore the use of moderation analyses when evaluating multicomponent interventions.

Examining Reading Comprehension Profiles of Grade 5 Monolinguals and English Language Learners Through the Lexical Quality Hypothesis Lens

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan O’Connor ◽  
Esther Geva ◽  
Poh Wee Koh
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Poor Comprehenders ◽  
Component Skills ◽  
Lexical Quality

This study set out to compare patterns of relationships among phonological skills, orthographic skills, semantic knowledge, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension in English as a first language (EL1) and English language learners (ELL) students and to test the applicability of the lexical quality hypothesis framework. Participants included 94 EL1 and 178 ELL Grade 5 students from diverse home-language backgrounds. Latent profile analyses conducted separately for ELLs and EL1s provided support for the lexical quality hypothesis in both groups, with the emergence of two profiles: A poor comprehenders profile was associated with poor word-reading-related skills (phonological awareness and orthographic processing) and with poor language-related skills (semantic knowledge and, to a lesser extent, listening comprehension). The good comprehenders profile was associated with average or above-average performance across the component skills, demonstrating that good reading comprehension is the result of strong phonological and orthographic processing skills as well as strong semantic and listening comprehension skills. The good and poor comprehenders profiles were highly similar for ELL and EL1 groups. Conversely, poor comprehenders struggled with these same component skills. Implications for assessment and future research are discussed.

Does Excessive Attention to Speech Contribute to Stuttering? A Preliminary Study With a Reading Comprehension Task

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Iimura ◽  
Shintaro Uehara ◽  
Shinji Yamamoto ◽  
Tsuyoshi Aihara ◽  
Keisuke Kushiro
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Noise Masking ◽  
Comprehension Task ◽  
Masking Condition ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Poor Comprehension ◽  
Auditory Noise

People who stutter (PWS) presumably pay excessive attention to monitoring their speech, possibly exacerbating speech fluency. Using a reading comprehension task, we investigated whether or not PWS devote excessive attention to their speech. Methods Eleven PWS and 11 people who do not stutter (PNS) read passages in silent and oral reading conditions with and without noise masking, then answered comprehension questions. For PWS, auditory noise masking and silent reading would presumably divert their attention away from their speech. Results The comprehension performance of PWS was lower in the oral-no-masking condition than the oral-masking and silent-no-masking conditions. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the comprehension performance of PNS between the four conditions. Conclusions PWS had poor comprehension when listening to their speech, suggesting excessive attention to speech and limited attention to concurrent cognitive tasks.

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