Physical activity and bone mineral density at the femoral neck subregions in adolescents with Down syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Matute-Llorente ◽  
Alejandro González-Agüero ◽  
Germán Vicente-Rodríguez ◽  
Luís B. Sardinha ◽  
Fátima Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractBackground:Low bone mineral density (BMD) has been frequently described in subjects with Down syndrome (DS). Reduced physical activity (PA) levels may contribute to low BMD in this population. The objective of the study was to investigate whether PA levels were related to the femoral neck bone mass distribution in a sample of 14 males and 12 females with DS aged 12–18 years.Methods:BMD was evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the integral, superolateral and inferomedial femoral neck regions and PA levels were assessed by accelerometry. The BMDs between the sexes and PA groups (below and above the 50th percentile of the total PA) were compared using independent t-tests and analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) controlling for age, height and body weight.Results:No differences were found between the BMDs of males and females in any femoral neck region (p>0.05). Females with higher PA levels demonstrated increased integral (0.774 g/cmConclusions:This investigation shows that females accumulating more total PA presented increased BMDs at the integral and superolateral femoral neck regions (14.1% and 17.0%, respectively) when compared to their less active peers. These data highlight the importance of PA in females with DS to counteract their low bone mass and to improve their bone health.

scholarly journals Divergent Significance of Bone Mineral Density Changes in Aging Depending on Sites and Sex Revealed through Separate Analyses of Bone Mineral Content and Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumoto Matsui ◽  
Marie Takemura ◽  
Atsushi Harada ◽  
Fujiko Ando ◽  
Hiroshi Shimokata
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Area Change

Bone mineral density (aBMD) is equivalent to bone mineral content (BMC) divided by area. We rechecked the significance of aBMD changes in aging by examining BMC and area separately. Subjects were 1167 community-dwelling Japanese men and women, aged 40–79 years. ABMDs of femoral neck and lumbar spine were assessed by DXA twice, at 6-year intervals. The change rates of BMC and area, as well as aBMD, were calculated and described separately by the age stratum and by sex. In the femoral neck region, aBMDs were significantly decreased in all age strata by an increase in area as well as BMC loss in the same pattern in both sexes. In the lumbar spine region, aBMDs decreased until the age of 60 in women, caused by the significant BMC decrease accompanying the small area change. Very differently in men, aBMDs increased after their 50s due to BMC increase, accompanied by an area increase. Separate analyses of BMC and area change revealed that the significance of aBMD changes in aging was very divergent among sites and between sexes. This may explain in part the dissociation of aBMD change and bone strength, suggesting that we should be more cautious when interpreting the meaning of aBMD change.

scholarly journals Total and femoral neck bone mineral density and physical activity in a sample of men and women

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Camhi ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Total Body

Physical activity (PA), total body fat (TBF), and lean body mass (LBM) are associated with bone mineral density (BMD). However, the independent influence of PA on BMD, while controlling for body composition is not understood as well and is the purpose of the current study. Whole-body BMD (g·cm–2), femoral neck BMD (g·cm–2), TBF (kg), and LBM (kg) were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. PA levels (total, work, sport, non-sport) were estimated using the Baecke questionnaire. General linear models determined the independent effects of PA on BMD (whole-body and femoral neck), with adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, menopausal status (as appropriate), LBM, and TBF. These associations were also examined by sex and age group (20–34, 35–49, and 50–64 years). The sample included 802 adults (65% women; 13% African American) from the Pennington Center Longitudinal Study that were 20 to 64 years of age (mean ± SD: 46.9 ± 11.0 years). Higher sports scores were associated with higher femoral neck BMD in the total group, men and women, and in 20- to 34-year-olds and 35- to 49-year-olds, but not significant in those 50–64 years of age. Similar significant associations were found for sports score with total body BMD; however, this relationship was not significant for women or for those 50–64 years of age. Total PA had inconsistent relationships with both femoral neck BMD and total body BMD. Higher levels of sport-related PA are associated with higher femoral neck BMD; however, these relationships vary by PA domain and site of BMD measurement.

scholarly journals Decreased levels of physical activity in adolescents with down syndrome are related with low bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Matute-Llorente ◽  
Alejandro González-Agüero ◽  
Alba Gómez-Cabello ◽  
Germán Vicente-Rodríguez ◽  
José Antonio Casajús
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Bone Mineral Density

Bone Mineral Density and Biochemical Markers of Bone Metabolism in Women Engaging in Recreational Horseback Riding

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kaczmarek ◽  
Alicja Nowak ◽  
Piotr Leszczynski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Horseback Riding ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Turnover Markers

Background:An increased occurrence of lifestyle-related diseases such as osteoporosis indicates the necessity for taking preventive action, including regularly engaging in physical activity. The aim of the study was to assess the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone turnover markers levels in young adult women engaging in recreational horseback riding and to determine the relationship between training characteristics and bone metabolism indices.Methods:The study involved 43 women: 23 equestrians and 20 age- and body mass index–matched controls. The hip and spine aBMD and serum levels of the bone turnover markers: osteocalcin and collagen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide were measured.Results:No significant differences were found in somatic features, concentrations of bone turnover markers, or bone mass variables. Correlation analysis of the equestrian participants showed significant relationship between body mass and BMDL1–L4 (P < .05) as well as between BMI and BMDL1–L4 (P ≤ .01) and z-score L1–L4 (P < .05).Conclusions:The study showed no differences in bone mass and levels of bone metabolic indices between groups of women practicing horseback riding at the recreational level and subjects who do not participate in frequent systematic physical activity. No relationship between training characteristics and bone turnover markers were found.

scholarly journals Skeletal Development during Childhood and Adolescence and the Effects of Physical Activity

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han C.G. Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Local Mechanism

This paper reviews the growth and development of skeletal mass in youth and the effects of physical activity upon the bone mass in young people. The different methods to measure the bone mass are described such as anthropometrics, radiographics, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, and ultrasound. Two different mechanisms are important for the formation and plasticity of bone: a central hormonal mechanism (with estrogen production) and a local mechanism (based on mechanical forces of gravity and muscle contractions). This local mechanism is closely connected to physical activity patterns and therefore discussed in more detail. Thereafter the natural course of the development of the bone mass during youth is described, taking into account the pubertal stages of boys and girls and also the age at which the maximal bone mass (peak bone mineral density) will be reached. The last part is devoted to the effects of physical activity on bone mass based on results of randomized controlled trials. Although the number of experimental studies are scarce, significant effects of weight bearing activity and high impact strength training programs are shown on the side specific bone mineral density in both boys and girls.

scholarly journals Low bone mineral density following gastric bypass is not explained by lifestyle and lack of exercise

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Stevens ◽  
Hella Hultin ◽  
Per Hellman ◽  
Magnus Sundbom
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) in particular, is associated with weight loss as well as low bone mineral density. Bone mineral density relies upon multiple factors, some of which are lifestyle factors. The aim of this study was to compare lifestyle factors in order to eliminate them as culprits of the suspected difference in BMD in RYGBP operated and controls. Materials and methods Study participants included 71 RYGBP-operated women (42.3 years, BMI 33.1 kg/m2) and 94 controls (32.4 years, BMI 23.9 kg/m2). Each completed a DEXA scan, as well as survey of lifestyle factors (e.g. physical activity in daily life, corticosteroid use, and calcium intake). All study participants were premenopausal Caucasian women living in the same area. Blood samples were taken in RYGBP-patients. Results BMD was significantly lower in RYGBP, femoral neck 0.98 vs. 1.04 g/cm2 compared to controls, despite higher BMI (present and at 20 years of age) and similar physical activity and calcium intake. In a multivariate analysis, increased time since surgery and age were negatively associated with BMD of the femoral neck and total hip in RYGBP patients. Conclusion Despite similar lifestyle, RYGBP was followed by a lower BMD compared to controls. Thus, the reduced BMD in RYGBP cannot be explained, seemingly nor prevented, by lifestyle factors. As the reduction in BMD was associated with time since surgery, strict follow-up is a lifelong necessity after bariatric surgery, and especially important in younger bariatric patients.

scholarly journals Low Bone Mineral Density Following Gastric Bypass Is Not Explained by Lifestyle and Lack of Exercise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hella Hultin ◽  
Katharina Stevens ◽  
Magnus Sundbom ◽  
Per Hellman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background: Bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) in particular, is associated with weight loss as well as low bone mineral density. Bone mineral density relies upon multiple factors, some of which are lifestyle factors. The aim of this study was to compare lifestyle factors in order to eliminate them as culprits of the suspected difference in BMD in RYGBP operated and controls. Materials and Methods: Study participants included 71 RYGBP-operated women (42.3 yrs, BMI 33.1) and 94 controls (32.4 years, BMI 23.9). Each completed a DEXA scan, as well as survey of lifestyle factors (e.g. physical activity in daily life, corticosteroid use, and calcium intake). All study participants were premenopausal Caucasian women living in the same area. Blood samples were taken in RYGBP-patients.Results: BMD was significantly lower in RYGBP, femoral neck 0.98 vs. 1.04 g/cm2 compared to controls, despite higher BMI (present and at 20 years of age) and similar physical activity and calcium intake. In a multivariate analysis, increased time since surgery and age were negatively associated with BMD of the femoral neck and total hip in RYGBP patients. Conclusion: Despite similar lifestyle, RYGBP was followed by a lower BMD compared to controls. Thus, the reduced BMD in RYGBP cannot be explained, seemingly nor prevented, by lifestyle factors. As the reduction in BMD was associated with time since surgery, strict follow-up is a lifelong necessity after bariatric surgery, and especially important in younger bariatric patients.

scholarly journals Association of Decreased Muscle Mass with Reduced Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Graves’ disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongze Zhang ◽  
Lingning Huang ◽  
Yuzhen Ke ◽  
Yuxi Lin ◽  
Ximei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormone

Abstract Background The bone mineral density (BMD) did not increase significantly after the normalization of serum thyroid hormone levels. Studies on the effect of muscle mass on BMD in patients with Graves’ disease are scarce. This study aimed to determine the association of decreased muscle mass with reduced bone mineral density in patients with Graves’ disease. Methods A total of 758 patients with Graves’ at diagnosis (mean age 41.2 years) were enrolled for a cross-sectional study; of these, 287 patients were enrolled for a cohort study with a median follow-up of 24 months. Meanwhile, 1164 age- and sex-matched healthy controls participants were recruited. All participants underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and muscle mass index (ASMI) measurements. The changes in ASMI and BMD were calculated from the measurements made at a gap of 2 years. Results Compared with healthy controls participants, the BMD was still significantly lower after normalizing serum thyroid hormone levels (1.131 ± 0.268 vs. 1.07 ± 0.133, p < 0.05). ASMI was positively related to BMD in patients with Graves’ disease(lumbar BMD, r = 0.210; femoral neck BMD, r = 0.259;hip BMD, r = 0.235;P < 0.001) and this relationship still existed after successful anti-thyroid therapy(lumbar BMD, r = 0.169; femoral neck BMD, r = 0.281;hip BMD, r = 0.394;P < 0.001). Low muscle mass was associated with low BMD (OR, 1.426; 95% CI, 1.019–1.994). Moreover, improving the muscle mass led to changes in the bone mass of the femoral neck (OR, 0.420; 95% CI, 0.194–0.911) and hip (OR, 0.217; 95% CI, 0.092–0.511) during the follow-up period. However, this phenomenon was not observed in lumbar, and bone turnover markers. Conclusions The recovery of bone mass might be related to the recovery of muscle mass. Improving muscle mass might bring about changes in the bone mass of the femoral neck and hip. A site-related discrepancy was also observed. Patients with Graves’ disease should be helped in recovering muscle mass while administering anti-thyroid therapy.

An Updated Reference for Calculating Bone Mineral Density T-Scores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Xue ◽  
Yuzheng Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Qiao ◽  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
Dingjie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
T Score ◽  
Peak Bmd

Abstract Context Bone mineral density (BMD) T-score reference may be updated when the peak BMD of the population is unclear and may need to be updated. Objective To update BMD T-score references using the peak BMD from the most recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting The NHANES 2005-2014. Participants Non-Hispanic white females between the ages 10-40 years (N=1549) were our target population to estimate peak BMD (SD). Individuals aged≥50 years (N=5523) were used to compare the percentages of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on existing and updated BMD T-score references. Main Outcome Measurements: BMD data within the age at attainment of peak BMD±5 years were used to calculate updated BMD T-score references. Results The updated average of BMD (SD) for diagnosing osteoporosis at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were 0.888 g/cm 2 (0.121 g/cm 2) and 1.065 g/cm 2 (0.122 g/cm 2), respectively. The percentages of individuals with osteoporosis at the femoral neck and low bone mass at the femoral neck and lumbar spine based on the updated BMD T-score references were higher than the percentages of people designated with these outcomes under the existing guidelines (P&lt;0.001). However, we observed the opposite pattern for lumbar spine osteoporosis (P&lt;0.001). Conclusions We calculated new BMD T-score references at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. We found significant differences in the percentages of individuals classified as having osteoporosis and low bone mass between the updated and existing BMD T-score references.

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