WAPM-World Association of Perinatal Medicine practice guidelines: fetal central nervous system examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina De Robertis ◽  
Cihat Sen ◽  
Ilan Timor-Tritsch ◽  
Rabih Chaoui ◽  
Paolo Volpe ◽  
...  

Abstract These practice guidelines follow the mission of the World Association of Perinatal Medicine in collaboration with the Perinatal Medicine Foundation, bringing together groups and individuals throughout the world, with the goal of improving the ultrasound assessment of the fetal Central Nervous System (CNS) anatomy. In fact, this document provides further guidance for healthcare practitioners for the evaluation of the fetal CNS during the mid-trimester ultrasound scan with the aim to increase the ability in evaluating normal fetal anatomy. Therefore, it is not intended to establish a legal standard of care. This document is based on consensus among perinatal experts throughout the world, and serves as a guideline for use in clinical practice.

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina De Robertis ◽  
Cihat Şen ◽  
Ilan Timor-Tritsch ◽  
Rabih Chaoui ◽  
Paolo Volpe ◽  
...  

These practice guidelines follow the mission of the World Association of Perinatal Medicine (WAPM) in collaboration with the Perinatal Medicine Foundation, bringing together groups and individuals throughout the world, with the goal of improving the ultrasound assessment of the fetal central nervous system (CNS) anatomy. In fact, this document provides further guidance for healthcare practitioners for the evaluation of the fetal CNS during the mid-trimester ultrasound scan with the aim to increase the ability in evaluating normal fetal anatomy. Therefore, it is not intended to establish a legal standard of care. This document is based on consensus among perinatal experts throughout the world, and serves as a guideline for use in clinical practice.


Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Anis Daou

The vaccination for the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) is undergoing its final stages of analysis and testing. It is an impressive feat under the circumstances that we are on the verge of a potential breakthrough vaccination. This will help reduce the stress for millions of people around the globe, helping to restore worldwide normalcy. In this review, the analysis looks into how the new branch of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) came into the forefront of the world like a pandemic. This review will break down the details of what COVID-19 is, the viral family it belongs to and its background of how this family of viruses alters bodily functions by attacking vital human respiratory organs, the circulatory system, the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. This review also looks at the process a new drug analogue undergoes, from (i) being a promising lead compound to (ii) being released into the market, from the drug development and discovery stage right through to FDA approval and aftermarket research. This review also addresses viable reasoning as to why the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine may have taken much less time than normal in order for it to be released for use.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-252
Author(s):  
Suman K. Jha ◽  
Sabin Chaulagain ◽  
Shiva Kumar Ojha ◽  
Angela Basnet Neela Sunuwar ◽  
Akanchha Khadka

Organophosphate compounds are chemicals containing central phosphate molecules with alkyl or aromatic substituent’s. They occur in diverse forms and are used as pesticides, herbicides, nerve agents, etc. Organophosphate compounds are frequently used as pesticides in agrarian communities all across the world. South Asian countries such as Nepal use vast quantities of Organophosphate compounds for pest control in agriculture. Therefore, accidental and suicidal ingestion of Organophosphate compound poisoning has been common especially among the agricultural rural communities. Apart from muscarinic, nicotinic and central nervous system effects in rare instances, Organophosphate compounds are known to cause pancreatitis.


2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Skupski ◽  
Anne Greenough ◽  
Stephen M. Donn ◽  
Birgit Arabin ◽  
Eduardo Bancalari ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
NiLuh Putu Indi Dharmayanti ◽  
Diana Nurjanah

Coronavirus is a non-segmented, positive-stranded RNA virus with four main structural proteins, namely Spike (S), Membrane (M), Envelope (E), and Nucleocapsid (N) proteins. Coronavirus can cause diseases in the respiratory and digestive tract, as well as in central nervous system of animals and humans. There are four genera in the Orthocoronavirinae subfamily, including <em>Alphacoronavirus</em>, <em>Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus</em>, and <em>Deltacoronavirus</em>. <em>Alphacoronavirus </em>and <em>Betacoronavirus </em>are commonly found in mammals, while <em>Gammacoronavirus </em>and <em>Deltacoronavirus </em>are found to infect  birds and mammals. Until 2018, zoonoses coronaviruses consisted of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Coronavirus became worldwide concern after it was identified as the cause of the pneumonia outbreak occurred at the end of 2019 in China. The coronavirus is associated with the fish market in Wuhan, then the disease is called COVID-19 (Coronavirus Infectious Diseases-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2. Virus SARS-CoV-2 has infected &gt;1.6 million people around the world and until the end of March 2020, it caused more than 99.000 deaths including 3.512 cases with the total number of deaths to 306 in Indonesia. This paper discusses Coronavirus and scientific information related to Coronaviruses in which several variants are zoonoses.


1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 306-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Loddick ◽  
Changlu Liu ◽  
Toshihiro Takao ◽  
Kozo Hashimoto ◽  
Errol B De Souza

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document