Stress and stem allomorphy in the Romance perfectum: emergence, typology, and motivations of a symbiotic relation

Linguistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Herce
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Verbal Inflection ◽  
Symbiotic Relation ◽  
Root Stress ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Homophony Avoidance

Abstract Perfective stem allomorphy and stress are morphological traits which interact in complex ways in Romance verbal inflection. This article surveys the whole range of variation of these traits across Romance varieties, typologizes the observed interactions between the two, and examines attested and unattested possibilities. A comparison between the modern-day and the original Latin systems suggests that there is a strong pan-Romance bias against having verbs with a concrete combination of properties: perfective root-stress and no perfective stem alternation. This is a combination of traits that would have frequently resulted in diagonal syncretisms between past and present given the phonological changes attested in the daughter languages. Homophony avoidance (and the adaptive-discriminative role of morphology more generally) are therefore argued to motivate the observed bias.

Characterization of Italian populations ofLoliumspp. resistant and susceptible to diclofop by inter simple sequence repeat

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Dinelli ◽  
Alessandra Bonetti ◽  
Ilaria Marotti ◽  
Maurizio Minelli ◽  
Pietro Catizone
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Intergeneric Hybridization ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Simple Sequence

Three ItalianLoliumweed populations, one susceptible and two resistant to diclofop, were characterized by the technique of inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR). The goal of this study was to taxonomically identify theseLoliumpopulations as well as to evaluate evidence for introgression of ISSR fragments fromFestucaand the potential role of this introgression in the diclofop response. ISSR analysis confirmed the genomic background of the weed populations to be consistent with that ofLolium. However, the great range of variation in ISSR banding patterns highlighted that the three ryegrass accessions are mixed populations made up of individuals resulting presumably from intrageneric and intergeneric hybridization in theLolium–Festucacomplex. TwoFestucagenus-discriminating and 20Festucaspecies-discriminating ISSR markers were screened among all the three ryegrass populations. The resistant Tuscania population carried the highest percentage ofFestucagenome (16.8%) followed by the resistant Roma (13.6%) and susceptible Vetralla (7.6%) populations. On the basis of these data some influence ofFestucagenome in diclofop resistance levels of studied ryegrass populations could be hypothesized.

Academic Entrepreneurship as a Catalyst for Quality Higher Education

2017 ◽  
pp. 983-1009
Author(s):  
Shalaka Parker
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Indian Higher Education ◽  
Symbiotic Relation

Higher Education in the post globalization knowledge economy is beset with a host of problems pertaining to quality. Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) are in a dire need of strengthening individual and institutional effectiveness in imparting higher education that meets the global quality requirements. In keeping with the current scenario of Higher Education, it is essential to understand the bi-focal role of Academic Entrepreneurship and Academic Leadership in enhancing the quality of Higher Education. The purpose of this chapter is to understand the symbiotic relation between the two and their role in enhancing the quality of higher education. It also attempts to propose an integrated framework of the Indian Higher Education System's entrepreneurial and leadership system and finally it attempts to devise or suggest strategies to be adopted by both in synchrony to act as catalysts' for Quality Higher Education.

Cryptic Diversity and Sexual Selection

2020 ◽  
pp. 447-471
Author(s):  
Matthias Galipaud ◽  
Loïc Bollache ◽  
Clément Lagrue
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Character Displacement ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
Genetic Techniques ◽  
Existing Data

Recent advances in molecular and genetic techniques have revealed tremendous hidden genetic diversity in plants and animals. Crustaceans are no exception and, in fact, present one of the highest levels of cryptic diversity among the metazoans. Beyond the importance of such discovery and its multiple implications for taxonomy and ecology, it is now timely to investigate the potential causes of cryptic diversity. This chapter reviews the theoretical and experimental literature, seeking evidences for a relationship between sexual selection and cryptic diversity in crustaceans. It proposes three scenarios for the role of sexual selection on the origin and maintenance of pre-mating isolation and genetic divergence among crustacean populations, and suggests ways to discriminate among them experimentally or using existing data. Assuming that taxonomic identification is largely based on differences in sexually selected morphological traits, it also reviews evidence for a cryptic action of sexual selection on crustacean phenotypes. Specifically, if sexual selection acts primarily on chemical, visual, or behavioral traits, it is likely that allopatric crustacean populations remain morphologically similar even when they are reproductively isolated. This review shows that the strength of sexual selection likely differs among allopatric populations but does not seem to consistently induce pre-mating isolation (e.g. as in copepods and amphipods). Research is now needed to try to identify general patterns and determine the role of sexual selection on pre-mating isolation after secondary contact between populations, through reinforcement and reproductive character displacement.

Role of Growth Stimulant in the Morphological Traits of Soybean

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-502
Author(s):  
Aminullah . ◽  
Muhammad Jamal ◽  
Sahibzada Obaid Ulla ◽  
Munawar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Bal
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Growth Stimulant

The Northumbrian Old English glosses

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
Elly van Gelderen
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Null Subjects ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Verbal Inflection ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Overt Pronouns ◽  
Early Use ◽  
Third Person

Abstract The articles in this volume contribute to our understanding of Northumbrian Old English of the 10th century, of the nature of external influence, and of the authorship of the glosses. This introduction provides a background to these three areas. Most of the introduction and contributions examine the Lindisfarne Glosses with some discussion of the Rushworth and Durham Glosses. Section 2 shows that the Lindisfarne glossator often adds a (first and second person) pronoun where the Latin has none but allows third person null subjects. Therefore, although the Latin original has obvious influence, Old English grammar comes through. Section 3 reviews the loss of third person -th verbal inflection in favor of -s, especially in Matthew. This reduction may be relevant to the role of external (Scandinavian and British Celtic) influence and is also interesting when the language of the Lindisfarne and Durham Glosses is compared. In Section 4, the use of overt pronouns, relatives, and demonstratives shows an early use of th-pronouns, casting doubt on a Norse origin of they. Section 5 looks at negation mainly from a northern versus southern perspective and Section 6 sums up. Section 7 previews the other contributions and their major themes, namely possible external (Latin, Norse, or British Celtic) influence, the linguistic differences among glossators, the spacing of ‘prefixes’ as evidence for grammaticalization, and the role of doublets.

scholarly journals Morphological Paradigms and the Role of Tense

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Mihaela Pirvulescu
Keyword(s):  
Romance Languages ◽  
Verbal Inflection ◽  
Paradigmatic Structure

Abstract In this paper I propose that the existence of morphological paradigms in the domain of the verbal inflection is subject to a morphosyntactic constraint: paradigms are based on an asymmetrical relation between tense and agreement features. The syntactic dependence of agreement features on the Tense node is carried out at the morphological level in the following way: verbal forms that have a syntactic tense representation will be assigned a paradigm in a post syntactic morphological module; verbal forms that do not have a syntactic tense representation will not be assigned a morphological paradigm (as is the case of the so-called non-personal moods like the gerund) or will have a “parasitic paradigm” (as, for example, the subjunctive and the imperative in Romance languages). In other words, tense features legitimate paradigmatic structure. Examples from Romance languages as well as from unrelated languages as Hungarian and Albanian seem to support this hypothesis.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS ON THE BATTING PERFORMANCE OF CRICKET BATSMEN – A REVIEW STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD TAHIR NAZEER ◽  
MUHAMMAD ZIA UL HAQ ◽  
MUHAMMAD BADAR HABIB ◽  
MUHAMMAD QASID NAVEED ◽  
MUHAMMAD AWAIS SAEED ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Batting Performance ◽  
Review Study

A B73 x Palomero Toluqueo mapping population reveals local adaptation in Mexican highland maize

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Perez-Limon ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
G. Carolina Cintora-Martinez ◽  
M. Rocio Aguilar-Rangel ◽  
M. Nancy Salazar-Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Farmer Selection ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Highland Maize ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Phenotypic Novelty

Generations of farmer selection have produced a unique collection of traditional maize varieties adapted to the environmental challenges of the central Mexican highlands. In addition to agronomic and cultural value, Mexican highland maize represents a good system for the study of local adaptation and acquisition of adaptive phenotypes under cultivation. In this study, we characterized a recombinant inbred line population derived from the cross of the B73 reference line and the Mexican highland maize variety Palomero Toluqueo. Evaluation over multiple years in lowland and highland field sites in Mexico identified genomic regions linked to yield components and putatively adaptive morphological traits. A region on chromosome 7 associated with ear weight showed antagonistic allelic effects in lowland and highland fields, suggesting a trade-off consistent with local adaptation. We identified several alleles of highland origin associated with characteristic highland traits, including reduced tassel branching, increased stem pigmentation and the presence of stem macrohairs. The oligogenic architecture of characteristic morphological traits supports their role in adaptation, suggesting they have arisen from consistent directional selection acting at distinct points across the genome. We discuss these results in the context of the origin of phenotypic novelty during selection, commenting on the role of de novo mutation and the acquisition of adaptive variation by gene flow from endemic wild relatives.

scholarly journals A study of the role of root morphological traits in growth of barley in zinc-deficient soil

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (14) ◽  
pp. 4017-4017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Genc ◽  
C. Y Huang ◽  
P. Langridge
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits
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