scholarly journals Variation and change in grammatical gender marking: the case of Dutch ethnolects

Linguistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Hinskens ◽  
Roeland van Hout ◽  
Pieter Muysken ◽  
Ariën van Wijngaarden
Keyword(s):  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Demographic Profiles ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
The Social

AbstractOur research on variation in the expression of grammatical gender (in determiners and adnominal inflection) in present-day ethnolectal Dutch is based on interactional speech data collected among 10–12 and 18–20-year-old male adolescents with Turkish, Moroccan and non-immigrant Dutch backgrounds, born and raised in the Dutch cities of Amsterdam or Nijmegen. The cities, which both have multicultural demographic profiles, are located in different dialect areas. In the data, the realization of neuter gender appears to vary greatly; in our analyses of this variation linguistic and social parameters were included. With regard to the language-internal conditioning, grammatical and semantic dimensions have been taken into account. Apart from the speakers’ age and city of residence, the social dimensions also include background of both the speaker and the interlocutor. The outcomes shed light on three aspects. As regards conditioning factors, L1 substrates, processes of L2 acquisition of the first generations of migrants, and surrounding regional variation all play a role. As regards the place of ethnolectal variation in the speakers’ verbal repertoires, we found evidence for a stylistic role of variable gender assignment in determiners. Our data do not support the hypothesis of the cross-over of ethnolectal changes in Dutch grammatical gender marking to speakers without an immigrant background.

Transfer effects in learning a second language grammatical gender system

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sabourin ◽  
Laurie A. Stowe ◽  
Ger J. de Haan
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
First Language ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
Similar System ◽  
Gender System ◽  
L1 And L2

In this article second language (L2) knowledge of Dutch grammatical gender is investigated. Adult speakers of German, English and a Romance language (French, Italian or Spanish) were investigated to explore the role of transfer in learning the Dutch grammatical gender system. In the first language (L1) systems, German is the most similar to Dutch coming from a historically similar system. The Romance languages have grammatical gender; however, the system is not congruent to the Dutch system. English does not have grammatical gender (although semantic gender is marked in the pronoun system). Experiment 1, a simple gender assignment task, showed that all L2 participants tested could assign the correct gender to Dutch nouns (all L2 groups performing on average above 80%), although having gender in the L1 did correlate with higher accuracy, particularly when the gender systems were very similar. Effects of noun familiarity and a default gender strategy were found for all participants. In Experiment 2 agreement between the noun and the relative pronoun was investigated. In this task a distinct performance hierarchy was found with the German group performing the best (though significantly worse than native speakers), the Romance group performing well above chance (though not as well as the German group), and the English group performing at chance. These results show that L2 acquisition of grammatical gender is affected more by the morphological similarity of gender marking in the L1 and L2 than by the presence of abstract syntactic gender features in the L1.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Hutchison ◽  
Catriona Mackenzie ◽  
Marina Oshana
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Feminist Philosophy ◽  
Relational Autonomy ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Scant Attention

This introduction distinguishes ways the social dimensions of moral responsibility have been investigated in recent philosophical literature: some theories highlight the interpersonal dimensions of moral responsibility practices; some explicate the interlocutive properties of morally reactive exchanges; while others seek to explain the role of the social environment in scaffolding agency. Despite the rise of social approaches, philosophers have paid scant attention to the implications of inequalities of power for theorizing about moral responsibility. The remainder of the introduction articulates a set of problems posed by contexts of structural injustice for theories of moral responsibility and highlights the relevance of recent work in feminist philosophy on relational autonomy and social epistemology for understanding and addressing these problems. The introduction notes the overlaps and differences between the concepts of autonomy and moral responsibility and offers preliminary reflections on how debates about relational autonomy might bear on social theories of moral responsibility.

The Social and Political Dimensions of Co-operative Enterprises

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. Pestoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
Post Industrial

The role of co-operatives as providers of goods and services, as in the industrial age, more recently became overshadowed by their potential as providers of social services. In the post-industrial or service society, co-operatives are found in a growing number of countries. Co-operative enterprises have a unique capacity to mobilize social capital and provide relational goods that neither public nor private for-profit providers demonstrate. This brings co-operative enterprises full-circle in terms of their historical political role as democratic pioneers, since they can now also contribute to reducing the growing democratic deficit. This chapter explores the political and social dimensions of co-operative enterprises that pursue multiple goals. It also introduces a dynamic model of co-operative development that can be fruitfully employed for analysing the social and political dilemmas faced by co-operative enterprises.

scholarly journals Aproximación histórica a los inicios del boxeo femenino y las circunstancias del surgimiento del deporte olímpico de las mujeres = Historical approach to the beginnings of women's boxing and the circumstances of the appearance of women's Olympic sport

2020 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Mª Eugenia Martínez-Gorroño ◽  
María Teresa Calle-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Women's Sport ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
San Luis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Olympic Movement ◽  
The Press ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Olympic Sport

El inicio del boxeo femenino y su primer combate dentro de los eventos que constituyeron los Juegos de San Luis de 1904 se produjo a pesar de no contar con el beneplácito ni de Coubertin ni de otros sectores sociales médicos, que argumentaban los problemas de salud que los esfuerzos físicos excesivos podían implicar para las mujeres. Por otra parte, ciertos sectores del “cuarto poder” que ya comenzaba a ser la prensa, encontraban en las competiciones deportivas femeninas una fuente de titulares expuestos como esperpénticos para conseguir aumentar sus lectores. Era una oportunidad de ridiculizar y utilizar de mofa a las pocas deportistas que osaban iniciarse. Aquellos aspectos, al igual que los condicionantes relativos al rol social de las mujeres, determinaron un posicionamiento del Comité Olímpico Internacional que se prolongó durante un siglo, influyendo decisivamente en laincorporación tan tardía que la práctica del boxeo femenino ha experimentado en las estructuras deportivas. La evolución de los criterios del Movimiento Olímpico actual, al respecto del deporte de lasmujeres ha sido definitiva a partir de la labor de Juan Antonio Samaranch. AbstractThe beginning of feminine boxing and its first combat within the events that constituted the 1904 San Luis Games took place in spite of not having the approval of either Coubertin or other medical social sectors, who argued the health problems that excessive physical efforts could imply for women. On the other hand, certain sectors of the "fourth estate", which was already beginning to be the press, found inwomen's sports competitions a source of headlines that were exposed as bizarre in order to increase their readership. It was an opportunity to ridicule and make fun of the few athletes who dared to start. Those aspects, as well as the conditioning factors related to the social role of women, determined a position of the International Olympic Committee that lasted for a century, decisively influencing the late incorporation of the practice of female boxing into sports structures. The evolution of the criteria of the current Olympic Movement, with respect to women's sport, has been definitive since the work of Juan Antonio Samaranch.

Ecological psychology as social psychology?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-826
Author(s):  
Harry Heft
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Ecological Psychology ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Behavior Settings ◽  
Conceptual Nature ◽  
Perception Action

Several articles published in this journal over a number of years have examined the social dimensions of Gibsonian ecological psychology. The present paper picks up several of their themes, with an emphasis on the social developmental consequences of individuals participating in community structures and engaging the affordances that support them. From this perspective, the situated nature of activity in everyday settings is examined, which in turn highlights the role of places as higher order emergent eco-psychological structures (or behavior settings) in everyday life. Moreover, ecological psychology’s discovery of occluding edge effects, which demonstrates that objects that have gone out of sight are experienced as persisting in awareness, serves as the basis for a proposal that the awareness of social structures of a conceptual nature may arise from the pragmatics of perception–action from an ecological perspective.

The Role of CSR Reporting Instruments in Increasing the Organization's Management Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-114
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Cristache ◽  
Daniel Constantin Diaconu ◽  
Razvan Catalin Dobrea ◽  
Cristina Dima ◽  
Cristian Constantin Draghici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Organization Performance ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
A Company

This integrated approach implies a broad approach to monitor the performance of the organization both during its life cycle and on the different social dimensions, from the perspective of the conformity of the management processes in relation to the economic, social, and environmental principles. Currently, the social responsibility reporting is a major challenge for the management of organizations in the context where honesty, transparency, business ethics, are values shared by an entire community. The research involves a process through which a series of correlations between the CSR reporting tools and the organization performance management can be analyzed by highlighting the role of the different reporting variables in the architecture of the performance indicators of the organization. The chapter addresses how a set of CSR reporting indicators can be identified and be integrated into the performance indicators which characterize the sustainability of a company.

How grammar and culture interact in Zamucoan

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-287
Author(s):  
Luca Ciucci
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The Relationship

This paper analyzes the interaction between language and society in the Zamucoan languages (†Old Zamuco, Ayoreo and Chamacoco), spoken in south-eastern Bolivia and northern Paraguay. I show how grammatical gender was a source for poetic metaphors, systematically shaping Ayoreo mythology, and how change in Chamacoco cosmovision correlates with the development of gender switch in animal nouns. Also, some mismatches between linguistic and natural gender reflect the role of women in Ayoreo society. The relationship between the father and the first legitimate child is particularly important for the Ayoreo and is expressed through a teknonymic suffix. The attention to the preservation of the environment and the social practice to share consumable resources are reflected in the impossibility to directly possess animals and plants in Zamucoan. Competition did not play an important role in Zamucoan societies, which are traditionally egalitarian, and there are hints that Zamucoan had originally no dedicated comparative structures.

scholarly journals The Role of Suffixes in Grammatical Gender Assignment in Modern Greek: A Psycholinguistic Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ianthi Maria Tsimpli ◽  
Maria Mastropavlou
Keyword(s):  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
Modern Greek
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