What is a good conductor for metamaterials or plasmonics

nano Online ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas M. Soukoulis ◽  
Thomas Koschny ◽  
Philippe Tassin ◽  
Nian-Hai Shen ◽  
Babak Dastmalchi
Keyword(s):  
Good Conductor

Algorithm Research on Tower Grounding Resistance On-Line Measurement

2012 ◽  
Vol 239-240 ◽  
pp. 372-375
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Hong Xing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Grounding Resistance ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Good Conductor

Traditional transmission line tower grounding resistance measurements have many shortcomings, in order to make up the defects the model of transmission line tower with good conductor wires and multiple grounding leads was builded, and then the algorithm of tower grounding resistance on-line measurement was proposed. On this condition, a system based on this algorithm was designed and further analysis of the error during data processing was conducted. At last, the MATLAB simulation indicates that the algorithm has a accuracy that meets the practical requirements.

Propagation of electrical signals along giant nerve fibres

1952 ◽  
Vol 140 (899) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Giant Axon ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Giant Fibre ◽  
Electrical Signals ◽  
Small Fibre ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Good Conductor ◽  
Ionic Movement

In this part of the discussion we shall attempt to describe the way in which electrical signals are propagated along the giant nerve fibres of squids and cuttlefish. These fibres consist of cylinders of protoplasm, 0.2 to 0.6 mm in diameter, and ire bounded by a thin membrane which acts as a barrier to ionic movement. The protoplasm, or axoplasm as it is commonly called, is an aqueous gel which is a reasonably good conductor of electricity. It contains a high concentration of K + and a low concentration of Na + and Cl - , this situation being the reverse of that in the animal’s blood or sea water. Axons which are left in sea water slowly lose potassium and gain sodium. This process takes about 24 hours and is roughly 80 000 times slower than the diffusion of ions out of a cylinder of gelatin of the same size. The interchange of sodium and potassium is very greatly accelerated by stimulating the fibres. Experiments with tracers, such as those made by Keynes & Lewis (1951) or Rothenberg (1950), allow the interchange to be measured quantitatively, and there is general agreement that the impulse is associated with an entry of 3 to 4 µ µ mol of Na + through 1 cm 2 of membrane and an exit of a corresponding quantity of K + . These quantities are very small compared with the total number of ions inside the fibre. In the giant axon of the squid the quantity of potassium lost in each impulse corresponds to only about 1 millionth if the total internal potassium. One would therefore expect that a giant fibre should be able to carry a great many impulses without recharging its batteries by metabolism. On the other hand, a very small fibre such as a dendrite in the central nervous system should be much more dependent on metabolism since the ratio of surface to volume may be nearly 1000 times greater.

Role of superconductivity in superconducting transmission line resonator

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 1650163
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ke Qin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Dimensionless Form ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Transmission Line Resonator ◽  
Good Conductor

In order to understand the role of superconductivity in superconducting transmission line resonator, we derive the mode equations using the macroscopic wavefunction of the Cooper pairs. We make an appropriate scaling to obtain the dimensionless form of equations and establish the validity of good conductor approximation under most circumstances. Quantization of superconducting transmission line resonator is realized by the black-box principle. We also briefly discuss that the deviation from good conductor behavior would result in the observable effects, such as the considerable decrease of phase velocity and the soliton.

scholarly journals ELECTRIC CHARGE ESTIMATION OF A NEWBORN BLACK HOLE

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2035-2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTON BAUSHEV ◽  
PASCAL CHARDONNET
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Hole Formation ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Good Conductor ◽  
Charge Formula

Though a black hole can theoretically possess a very big charge ([Formula: see text]), the charge of the real astrophysical black holes is usually considered to be negligible. This supposition is based on the fact that an astrophysical black hole is always surrounded by some plasma, which is a very good conductor. However, it disregards the fact that black holes usually have some angular momentum, which can be interpreted as their rotation of a sort. If in the plasma surrounding the hole there is some magnetic field, it leads to electric field creation and, consequently, charge separation. In this article we estimate the upper limit of the electric charge of stellar mass astrophysical black holes. We have considered a new black hole formation process and shown that the charge of a newborn black hole can be significant (~ 1013 C ). Though the obtained charge of an astrophysical black hole is big, the charge-to-mass ratio is small, [Formula: see text], and it is not enough to affect significantly either the gravitational field of the star or the dynamics of its collapse.

Interpretation and removal of EM coupling in IP data

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.W. Grant ◽  
G.W. Hohmann
Keyword(s):  
Dc Resistivity ◽  
Equation Approach ◽  
Resistivity Structure ◽  
Volume Integral ◽  
Volume Integral Equation ◽  
Integral Equation Approach ◽  
Good Conductor ◽  
Phase Data ◽  
Frequency Phase ◽  
Zero Frequency

We have computed EM coupling responses for the dipole-dipole IP array over realistic 3-D bodies using a volume integral equation approach. The objectives of these simulations are to gain insight regarding negative EM coupling over good conductors, to analyze the phase extrapolation method of removing EM coupling, and to determine whether interpretation of the EM coupling can help resolve the resistivity structure. Our results show that a good conductor, especially if it is shallow, can produce a complex pattern of negative and positive coupling in a pseudosection. Extrapolating three-frequency phase data to zero frequency eliminates EM coupling in most cases; however, residual EM effects may be present in extremely low-resistivity environments. We are studying ways of utilizing EM coupling to provide information about 3-D bodies beyond that produced by DC resistivity data.

scholarly journals Thermal-siphon phenomenon and thermal/electric conduction in complex networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kezhao Xiong ◽  
Zonghua Liu ◽  
Chunhua Zeng ◽  
Baowen Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thermal Conductance ◽  
Coupling Scheme ◽  
Regular Lattices ◽  
Good Conductor

Abstract In past decades, a lot of studies have been carried out on complex networks and heat conduction in regular lattices. However, very little attention has been paid to the heat conduction in complex networks. In this work, we study (both thermal and electric) energy transport in physical networks rewired from 2D regular lattices. It is found that the network can be transferred from a good conductor to a poor conductor, depending on the rewired network structure and coupling scheme. Two interesting phenomena were discovered: (i) the thermal-siphon effect—namely the heat flux can go from a low-temperature node to a higher-temperature node and (ii) there exits an optimal network structure that displays small thermal conductance and large electrical conductance. These discoveries reveal that network-structured materials have great potential in applications in thermal-energy management and thermal-electric-energy conversion.

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