scholarly journals Progress in ultrafast laser processing and future prospects

Nanophotonics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Sugioka
Keyword(s):  
Laser Processing ◽  
Ultrafast Lasers ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Heat Diffusion ◽  
Multiphoton Absorption ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Transparent Materials

AbstractThe unique characteristics of ultrafast lasers have rapidly revolutionized materials processing after their first demonstration in 1987. The ultrashort pulse width of the laser suppresses heat diffusion to the surroundings of the processed region, which minimizes the formation of a heat-affected zone and thereby enables ultrahigh precision micro- and nanofabrication of various materials. In addition, the extremely high peak intensity can induce nonlinear multiphoton absorption, which extends the diversity of materials that can be processed to transparent materials such as glass. Nonlinear multiphoton absorption enables three-dimensional (3D) micro- and nanofabrication by irradiation with tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses inside transparent materials. Thus, ultrafast lasers are currently widely used for both fundamental research and practical applications. This review presents progress in ultrafast laser processing, including micromachining, surface micro- and nanostructuring, nanoablation, and 3D and volume processing. Advanced technologies that promise to enhance the performance of ultrafast laser processing, such as hybrid additive and subtractive processing, and shaped beam processing are discussed. Commercial and industrial applications of ultrafast laser processing are also introduced. Finally, future prospects of the technology are given with a summary.

Industrial applications of ultrafast laser processing

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 984-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Mottay ◽  
Xinbing Liu ◽  
Haibin Zhang ◽  
Eric Mazur ◽  
Reza Sanatinia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Processing ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

Ultrafast laser processing of transparent materials

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. B. Wang ◽  
Ming Hui Hong ◽  
L. Yin ◽  
Tow Chong Chong
Keyword(s):  
Laser Processing ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Transparent Materials

scholarly journals Ultrafast laser processing of transparent materials supported by in-situ diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Kumkar ◽  
Myriam Kaiser ◽  
Jonas Kleiner ◽  
Daniel Günther Grossmann ◽  
Daniel Flamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Processing ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Rear Side ◽  
Laser Etching ◽  
Pump Probe ◽  
Transient Stress ◽  
Transparent Materials ◽  
In Situ Diagnostics

For the development of industrial NIR ultrafast laser processing of transparent materials, the absorption inside the bulk material has to be controlled. Applications we aim for are front and rear side ablation, drilling and inscription of modifications for cleaving and selective laser etching of glass and sapphire in sheet geometry. We applied pump probe technology and in situ stress birefringence microscopy for fundamental studies on the influence of energy and duration (100 fs – 20 ps), temporal and spatial spacing, focusing and beam shaping of the laser pulses. Applying pump probe technique we are able to visualize differences of spatio-temporal build up of absorption, self focusing, shock wave generation for standard, multispot and beam shaped focusing. Incubation effects and disturbance of beam propagation due to modifications or ablation can be observed. In-situ imaging of stress birefringence gained insight in transient build up of stress with and without translation. The results achieved so far, demonstrate that transient stress has to be taken into account in scaling the laser machining throughput of brittle materials. Furthermore it points out that transient stress birefringence is a good indicator for accumulation effects, supporting tailored processing strategies.Cutting results achieved for selective laser etching by single pass laser modification exemplifies the benefits of process development supported by in situ diagnostics.

Ultrafast Laser Applications in Manufacturing Processes: A State-of-the-Art Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuting Lei ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Xiaoming Yu ◽  
Anming Hu ◽  
Sinisa Vukelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafast Lasers ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Laser Applications ◽  
Short Pulse Duration ◽  
Process Innovations

Abstract With the invention of chirped pulse amplification for lasers in the mid-1980s, high power ultrafast lasers entered into the world as a disruptive tool, with potential impact on a broad range of application areas. Since then, ultrafast lasers have revolutionized laser–matter interaction and unleashed their potential applications in manufacturing processes. With unprecedented short pulse duration and high laser intensity, focused optical energy can be delivered to precisely define material locations on a time scale much faster than thermal diffusion to the surrounding area. This unique characteristic has fundamentally changed the way laser interacts with matter and enabled numerous manufacturing innovations over the past few decades. In this paper, an overview of ultrafast laser technology with an emphasis on femtosecond laser is provided first, including its development, type, working principle, and characteristics. Then, ultrafast laser applications in manufacturing processes are reviewed, with a focus on micro/nanomachining, surface structuring, thin film scribing, machining in bulk of materials, additive manufacturing, bio manufacturing, super high resolution machining, and numerical simulation. Both fundamental studies and process development are covered in this review. Insights gained on ultrafast laser interaction with matter through both theoretical and numerical researches are summarized. Manufacturing process innovations targeting various application areas are described. Industrial applications of ultrafast laser-based manufacturing processes are illustrated. Finally, future research directions in ultrafast laser-based manufacturing processes are discussed.

Ultrafast Laser Applications in Manufacturing Processes: A State of the Art Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuting Lei ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Xiaoming Yu ◽  
Anming Hu ◽  
Sinisa Vukelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafast Lasers ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Laser Applications ◽  
Short Pulse Duration ◽  
Process Innovations

Abstract With the invention of chirped pulse amplification for lasers in the mid-1980s, high power ultrafast lasers entered into the world as a disruptive tool, with potential impact on a broad range of application areas. Since then, ultrafast lasers have revolutionized laser-matter interaction and unleashed their potential applications in manufacturing processes. With unprecedented short pulse duration and high laser intensity, focused optical energy can be delivered to precisely defined material locations on a time scale much faster than thermal diffusion to the surrounding area. This unique characteristic has fundamentally changed the way laser interacts with matter and enabled numerous manufacturing innovations over the past few decades. In this paper, an overview of ultrafast laser technology with an emphasis on femtosecond laser is provided first, including its development, type, working principle, and characteristics. Then ultrafast laser applications in manufacturing processes are reviewed, with a focus on micro/nano machining, surface structuring, thin film scribing, machining in bulk of materials, additive manufacturing, bio manufacturing, super high resolution machining, and numerical simulation. Both fundamental studies and process development are covered in this review. Insights gained on ultrafast laser interaction with matter through both theoretical and numerical research are summarized. Manufacturing process innovations targeting various application areas are described. Industrial applications of ultrafast laser based manufacturing processes are illustrated. Finally, future research directions in ultrafast laser based manufacturing processes are discussed.

scholarly journals A Strategy for Achieving Smooth Filamentation Cutting of Transparent Materials with Ultrafast Lasers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1732
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Tokarev ◽  
Igor V. Melnikov
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafast Lasers ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Tempered Glass ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Average Laser Power ◽  
Moving Beam ◽  
Transparent Materials ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cutting Speeds ◽  
Good Agreement

A strategy is proposed for achieving a practically important mode of laser processing—a so-called “smooth” laser filamentation cutting (LFC) of transparent materials by a moving beam of a pulse-periodic pico- or subpicosecond laser. With such cutting, the surface of the sidewalls of the cuts have a significantly improved smoothness, and, as a result, the laser-cut plates have increased resistance to damage and cracking due to mechanical impacts during their subsequent use. According to the proposed analytical model, for the case when each filament is formed only by a single laser pulse, the strategy of such cutting is defined by a set of necessary conditions, whose implementation requires, in turn, a certain selection and matching with each other of irradiation parameters (pulse duration and energy, repetition rate, pitch of filaments following) and of material parameters—thermal, optical and mechanical strength constants. The model shows good agreement with experiments on sapphire and tempered glass. Besides, LFC modes are also predicted that provide very high cutting speeds of the order of 1–25 m/s or more, or allow cutting with an extremely low average laser power, but still at a speed acceptable for practical applications.

Numerical Analysis on the Feasibility of Laser Microwelding of Metals by Femtosecond Laser Pulses Using ABAQUS

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongkyun Lee ◽  
Elijah Kannatey-Asibu
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Ultrafast Lasers ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Temperature Model ◽  
Laser Microwelding ◽  
Two Temperature

Ultrafast lasers of subpicosecond pulse duration have the potential for laser microwelding of micronscale fusion zone. Due to the extremely short pulse duration, laser-metal interaction involving ultrafast laser pulses should be analyzed using the two-temperature model. In this study, the two-temperature model is analyzed using ABAQUS to study the feasibility of laser microwelding with ultrafast laser. A material model is constructed using material properties and the subsurface boiling model. The model is validated using experimental results from the literature. Laser processing parameters of repetition rate, pulse duration, and focal radius are then investigated, in terms of molten pool generated in the material and requirements on those parameters for laser microwelding using ultrafast lasers are discussed.

Finite Element Analysis of Weld Area in Spot Bonding Process to Predict Bond Strength in Transparent Materials Using Ultrafast Lasers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman N. Khan ◽  
Panos S. Shiakolas ◽  
Mohsin Rizwan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Ultrafast Lasers ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Transparent Materials ◽  
Weld Area

Laser spot bonding is an approach to weld transparent materials at micro level or bonding in/for MEMs devices. This manuscript intends to investigate the dynamics of welding procedure in transparent materials with ultrafast lasers acting as the heat source. Spot bonding takes place when a laser beam creates a molten pool of the two materials to be bonded and subsequently the molten materials interact, gel with each other and solidify to create a bond. Thus, predicting the correct amount of molten matter is highly important for a reliable bond. Proper understanding of ultrafast laser matter interaction will provide the means to define ultrafast laser parameters for controlled molten volume leading to controlled bonding strength. This study will utilize the non linear breakdown caused by ultrafast lasers in borosilicate glass to determine the temperature profile and estimate the radial weld area. A finite element (FE) model of the system is presented and solved in ANSYS to estimate the weld area in borosilicate glass strips under action of a single ultrafast laser pulse. The effects of the focusing location of the laser beam, laser process parameters (energy level, focusing lens, pulse width) and material properties (optical and thermal absorptivity) will be discussed.

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