scholarly journals Low-dimensional saturable absorbers for ultrafast photonics in solid-state bulk lasers: status and prospects

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2603-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Hao ◽  
Cong Wang ◽  
Wenxin Liu ◽  
Xiaoqin Liu ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Laser Generation ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Ultrashort Pulse Laser ◽  
Infrared Wavelength ◽  
Power Pulse ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Low Dimensional

AbstractLow-dimensional (LD) materials have originated a range of innovative applications in photonics and optoelectronics owning to their advantages of ultrafast carrier response and distinct nonlinear saturable absorption properties. In particular, these emerging LD materials including zero-, one-, and two-dimensional materials have recently been utilized for short and ultrashort pulse laser generation in the visible, near infrared, and mid-infrared wavelength regions. Here, we review recent progress demonstrating the application of LD materials as versatile, wideband saturable absorbers for Q-switching and mode-locking in all-solid-state lasers. The laser performance in operating wavelength, output power, pulse width, repetition rate, and pulse energy is reviewed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives are suggested.

scholarly journals Ultrafast Fiber Lasers with Low-Dimensional Saturable Absorbers: Status and Prospects

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3676
Author(s):  
Pulak Chandra Debnath ◽  
Dong-Il Yeom
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Laser Applications ◽  
Integration Schemes ◽  
Pulsed Fiber Laser ◽  
Low Dimensional

Wide-spectral saturable absorption (SA) in low-dimensional (LD) nanomaterials such as zero-, one-, and two-dimensional materials has been proven experimentally with outstanding results, including low saturation intensity, deep modulation depth, and fast carrier recovery time. LD nanomaterials can therefore be used as SAs for mode-locking or Q-switching to generate ultrafast fiber laser pulses with a high repetition rate and short duration in the visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared wavelength regions. Here, we review the recent development of emerging LD nanomaterials as SAs for ultrafast mode-locked fiber laser applications in different dispersion regimes such as anomalous and normal dispersion regimes of the laser cavity operating in the near-infrared region, especially at ~1550 nm. The preparation methods, nonlinear optical properties of LD SAs, and various integration schemes for incorporating LD SAs into fiber laser systems are introduced. In addition to these, externally (electrically or optically) controlled pulsed fiber laser behavior and other characteristics of various LD SAs are summarized. Finally, the perspectives and challenges facing LD SA-based mode-locked ultrafast fiber lasers are highlighted.

scholarly journals A Review on Rhenium Disulfide: Synthesis Approaches, Optical Properties, and Applications in Pulsed Lasers

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2367
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Muhanad Fadhel ◽  
Norazida Ali ◽  
Haroon Rashid ◽  
Nurfarhana Mohamad Sapiee ◽  
Abdulwahhab Essa Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide ◽  
Pulsed Lasers ◽  
Infrared Wavelength

Rhenium Disulfide (ReS2) has evolved as a novel 2D transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) material which has promising applications in optoelectronics and photonics because of its distinctive anisotropic optical properties. Saturable absorption property of ReS2 has been utilized to fabricate saturable absorber (SA) devices to generate short pulses in lasers systems. The results were outstanding, including high-repetition-rate pulses, large modulation depth, multi-wavelength pulses, broadband operation and low saturation intensity. In this review, we emphasize on formulating SAs based on ReS2 to produce pulsed lasers in the visible, near-infrared and mid-infrared wavelength regions with pulse durations down to femtosecond using mode-locking or Q-switching technique. We outline ReS2 synthesis techniques and integration platforms concerning solid-state and fiber-type lasers. We discuss the laser performance based on SAs attributes. Lastly, we draw conclusions and discuss challenges and future directions that will help to advance the domain of ultrafast photonic technology.

scholarly journals Atomic Defect Induced Saturable Absorption of Hexagonal Boron Nitride in Near Infrared Band for Ultrafast Lasing Applications

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3203
Author(s):  
Chen Cheng ◽  
Ziqi Li ◽  
Ningning Dong ◽  
Rang Li ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Laser Generation ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Infrared Band

Defect-induced phenomena in 2D materials has received increasing interest among researchers due to the novel properties correlated with precise modification of materials. We performed a study of the nonlinear saturable absorption of the boron-atom-vacancy defective hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin film at a wavelength of ~1 μm and its applications in ultrafast laser generation. The h-BN is with wide band gap of ~6 eV. Our investigation shows that the defective h-BN has a wide absorption band from visible to near infrared regimes. First-principle calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) indicate that optical property changes may be attributed to the boron-vacancy-related defects. The photoluminescence spectrum shows a strong emission peak at ~1.79 eV. The ultrafast Z-scan measurement shows saturable absorbance response has been detected for the defective h-BN with saturation intensity of ~1.03 GW/cm2 and modulation depth of 1.1%. In addition, the defective h-BN has been applied as a new saturable absorber (SA) to generate laser pulses through the passively Q-switched mode-locking configuration. Based on a Nd:YAG waveguide platform, 8.7 GHz repetition rate and 55 ps pulse duration of the waveguide laser have been achieved. Our results suggest potential applications of defective h-BN for ultrafast lasing and integrated photonics.

scholarly journals Ultrafast mode-locking in highly stacked Ti3C2Tx MXenes for 1.9-μm infrared femtosecond pulsed lasers

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1741-1751
Author(s):  
Young In Jhon ◽  
Jinho Lee ◽  
Young Min Jhon ◽  
Ju Han Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Infrared Range ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Pulsed Lasers ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Layer Stacking

Abstract Metallic 2D materials can be promising saturable absorbers for ultrashort pulsed laser production in the long wavelength regime. However, preparing and manipulating their 2D structures without layer stacking have been nontrivial. Using a combined experimental and theoretical approach, we demonstrate here that a metallic titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx), the most popular MXene 2D material, can have excellent nonlinear saturable absorption properties even in a highly stacked state due to its intrinsically existing surface termination, and thus can produce mode-locked femtosecond pulsed lasers in the 1.9-μm infrared range. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the electronic and optical properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene can be well preserved against significant layer stacking. Indeed, it is experimentally shown that 1.914-μm femtosecond pulsed lasers with a duration of 897 fs are readily generated within a fiber cavity using hundreds-of-layer stacked Ti3C2Tx MXene saturable absorbers, not only being much easier to manufacture than mono- or few-layered ones, but also offering character-conserved tightly-assembled 2D materials for advanced performance. This work strongly suggests that as-obtained highly stacked Ti3C2Tx MXenes can serve as superb material platforms for versatile nanophotonic applications, paving the way toward cost-effective, high-performance photonic devices based on MXenes.

Nonlinear spectroscopy of PbS quantum-dot-doped glasses as saturable absorbers for the mode locking of solid-state lasers

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 023108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Malyarevich ◽  
M. S. Gaponenko ◽  
K. V. Yumashev ◽  
A. A. Lagatsky ◽  
W. Sibbett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Nonlinear Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid State Lasers ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Doped Glasses ◽  
Pbs Quantum Dot

Passive switch with a mixture of saturable absorbers for mode locking in solid-state lasers

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V Konyashchenko ◽  
I V Kryukova ◽  
P G Kryukov ◽  
A V Sharkov
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Solid State Lasers ◽  
Saturable Absorbers

scholarly journals Nonlinear plasmonic metasurfaces assisted laser mode locking

2020 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 14001
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jiyong Wang ◽  
Aurelien Coillet ◽  
Philippe Grelu ◽  
Benoit Cluzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Pulse Generation ◽  
Nonlinear Regime ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Neuromorphic Circuits ◽  
Saturable Absorbers

Plasmonic metasurfaces are artificial 2D layers made of subwavelength elementary cells, which give rise to novel wave properties that do not exist in nature. In the linear regime, their applications have been extensively studied, especially in wavefront manipulation for lensing, holography or polarization control. Interests in metasurfaces operating in nonlinear regime have also increased due to their ability to efficiently convert the fundamental light into harmonic frequencies and multiphoton emissions. Nevertheless, practical applications in the nonlinear regime have been rarely reported. In this study, we report that plasmonic metasurfaces with well-controlled polarimetric nonlinear transfer functions perform as saturable absorbers with modulation performances superior to that of other 2D materials. We employ planar nanotechnologies to fabricate 2D plasmonic metasurfaces with precise size, gap and orientation. We quantify the relationship between saturable absorption and the plasmonic resonances of the unit cell by altering the excitation power of pumping laser, the polarization of incident light and the geometrical parameters of the plasmonic metasurfaces. Finally, we provide a practical implementation by integrating the saturable metasurfaces into a fiber laser cavity and realize a stable self-starting ultrashort laser pulse generation. As such, this work sheds light on ultrathin nonlinear saturable absorbers for applications where nonlinear functions are required, such as in ultrafast laser or neuromorphic circuits.

In2Se3 nanosheets with broadband saturable absorption used for near-infrared femtosecond laser mode locking

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (46) ◽  
pp. 465704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Long ◽  
Shunxiang Liu ◽  
Qiao Wen ◽  
Huiyu Yuan ◽  
Chun Yin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mode Locking ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Laser Mode

scholarly journals Oriented zinc oxide nanorods: A novel saturable absorber for lasers in the near-infrared

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2730-2740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Loiko ◽  
Tanujjal Bora ◽  
Josep Maria Serres ◽  
Haohai Yu ◽  
Magdalena Aguiló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanorods ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorbers ◽  
Saturation Intensity ◽  
Nanosecond Pulses ◽  
Near Ir

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) oriented along the crystallographic [001] axis are grown by the hydrothermal method on glass substrates. The ZnO NRs exhibit a broadband (1–2 µm) near-IR absorption ascribed to the singly charged zinc vacancy VZn −1. The saturable absorption of the ZnO NRs is studied at ≈1 µm under picosecond excitation, revealing a low saturation intensity, ≈10 kW/cm2, and high fraction of the saturable losses. The ZnO NRs are applied as saturable absorbers in diode-pumped Yb (≈1.03 µm) and Tm (≈1.94 µm) lasers generating nanosecond pulses. The ZnO NRs grown on various optical surfaces are promising broadband saturable absorbers for nanosecond near-IR lasers in bulk and waveguide geometries.

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