scholarly journals Intelligent electromagnetic metasurface camera: system design and experimental results

Nanophotonics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
Hongrui Zhang ◽  
Hanting Zhao ◽  
Tie Jun Cui ◽  
Lianlin Li
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Nondestructive Examination ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Wall ◽  
Bayesian Inference Framework ◽  
Smart Community

Abstract Electromagnetic (EM) sensing is uniquely positioned among nondestructive examination options, which enables us to see clearly targets, even when they visually invisible, and thus has found many valuable applications in science, engineering and military. However, it is suffering from increasingly critical challenges from energy consumption, cost, efficiency, portability, etc., with the rapidly growing demands for the high-quality sensing with three-dimensional high-frame-rate schemes. To address these difficulties, we propose the concept of intelligent EM metasurface camera by the synergetic exploitation of inexpensive programmable metasurfaces with modern machine learning techniques, and establish a Bayesian inference framework for it. Such EM camera introduces the intelligence over the entire sensing chain of data acquisition and processing, and exhibits good performance in terms of the image quality and efficiency, even when it is deployed in highly noisy environment. Selected experimental results in real-world settings are provided to demonstrate that the developed EM metasurface camera enables us to see clearly human behaviors behind a 60 cm-thickness reinforced concrete wall with the frame rate in order of tens of Hz. We expect that the presented strategy could have considerable impacts on sensing and beyond, and open up a promising route toward smart community and beyond.

Blink-Spot Projection Method for Fast Three-Dimensional Shape Measurement

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
◽  
Qingyi Gu ◽  
Tadayoshi Aoyama ◽  
Takeshi Takaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Projection Method ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Camera System ◽  
3D Shape

<div class=""abs_img""> <img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270004/13.jpg"" width=""300"" /> Blink-spot projection method</div> We present a blink-spot projection method for observing moving three-dimensional (3D) scenes. The proposed method can reduce the synchronization errors of the sequential structured light illumination, which are caused by multiple light patterns projected with different timings when fast-moving objects are observed. In our method, a series of spot array patterns, whose spot sizes change at different timings corresponding to their identification (ID) number, is projected onto scenes to be measured by a high-speed projector. Based on simultaneous and robust frame-to-frame tracking of the projected spots using their ID numbers, the 3D shape of the measuring scene can be obtained without misalignments, even when there are fast movements in the camera view. We implemented our method with a high-frame-rate projector-camera system that can process 512 × 512 pixel images in real-time at 500 fps to track and recognize 16 × 16 spots in the images. Its effectiveness was demonstrated through several 3D shape measurements when the 3D module was mounted on a fast-moving six-degrees-of-freedom manipulator. </span>

scholarly journals Soft Missile Impact on Shear Reinforced Concrete Wall

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arja Saarenheimo ◽  
◽  
Kim Calonius ◽  
Markku Tuomala ◽  
Ilkka Hakola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Transverse Shear ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Concrete Walls ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Bending Mode ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Wall ◽  
Wall Deformation

In developing numerical approaches for predicting the response of reinforced concrete structures impacted on by deformable projectiles, we predict structural behavior collapse and damage using simple analysis and extensive nonlinear finite element (FE)models. To verify their accuracy, we compared numerical results to experimental data and observations on impact-loaded concrete walls with bending and transverse shear reinforcement. Different models prove adequate for different cases and are sensitive to different variables, making it important to rely on more than a single model alone. For wall deformation in bending mode, deflection is predicted reasonably well by simple four-node shell elements. Where punching dominates, transverse shear behavior must be considered. Formation of a shear failure cone is modeled using three-dimensional solid elements.

scholarly journals Reconstructing the flight kinematics of swarming and mating in wild mosquitoes

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (75) ◽  
pp. 2624-2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachit Butail ◽  
Nicholas Manoukis ◽  
Moussa Diallo ◽  
José M. Ribeiro ◽  
Tovi Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Function ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Video Streams ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Multi Target Tracking ◽  
Velocity Information ◽  
Low Frame Rate

We describe a novel tracking system for reconstructing three-dimensional tracks of individual mosquitoes in wild swarms and present the results of validating the system by filming swarms and mating events of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae in Mali. The tracking system is designed to address noisy, low frame-rate (25 frames per second) video streams from a stereo camera system. Because flying A. gambiae move at 1–4 m s −1 , they appear as faded streaks in the images or sometimes do not appear at all. We provide an adaptive algorithm to search for missing streaks and a likelihood function that uses streak endpoints to extract velocity information. A modified multi-hypothesis tracker probabilistically addresses occlusions and a particle filter estimates the trajectories. The output of the tracking algorithm is a set of track segments with an average length of 0.6–1 s. The segments are verified and combined under human supervision to create individual tracks up to the duration of the video (90 s). We evaluate tracking performance using an established metric for multi-target tracking and validate the accuracy using independent stereo measurements of a single swarm. Three-dimensional reconstructions of A. gambiae swarming and mating events are presented.

Design of Three-Dimensional Wireless Power Receiving Coil for MEMS

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 5569-5575
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Kai Feng Xue ◽  
Huang Ping
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Coupling Coefficients ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Actual Output ◽  
Receiving Coil ◽  
System Energy ◽  
Set Up

In this paper, a micro three-dimensional wireless power receiving coil is designed and powered by a set up wireless energy transmission system. Energy receiving performances of the receiving coil is studied. By experiments, coupling coefficients between the transmitting coil and each winding of the receiving coil are caculated at different attitudes. The experimental results confirm that the receiving coil can receive energy from three orientations and three orthometric windings can compensate each other effectively at different attitudes. Then a micro rectifier and regulator circuit are designed and fabricated which is used for a self-made camera system. Based on this, the actual output voltage is measured. The experimental results verify that the efficiency and stability of the three-dimensional receiving system can meet practical application.

Laser Scanning Supporting Graving Dock Retrofit

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory F. Morea ◽  
Nellichery Thiyagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Wall

In July 2004, Electric Boat Corporation decided to retrofit Graving Dock 3 at its Groton, Connecticut shipyard with a reinforced concrete wall designed and constructed to replace the existing cellular cofferdams that comprise the dock. Since the cofferdams are of various heights and have deflected in different ways over the years, an efficient method was needed to capture the as-built configuration of the graving dock before design of the wall could be finalized. The owner, design agent and contractor chose a combination of 3D laser scanning, post processing, and CAD modeling to capture this as-built condition. The resulting three dimensional CAD surface model of the dock became integral with the design of the wall and its construction. This paper will provide an overview of the reasons laser scanning was chosen and a description of how the laser scans were taken and processed. The paper will also discuss how a CAD model was created from the processed data, and more significantly, how the model was used in the development of design and construction drawings. The paper will conclude with a look at how 3D laser scanning is being used on other projects at Electric Boat, for both shipbuilding and facilities.

scholarly journals Combining Virtual Reality and Organizational Neuroscience for Leadership Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5956
Author(s):  
Elena Parra ◽  
Irene Alice Chicchi Giglioli ◽  
Jestine Philip ◽  
Lucia Amalia Carrasco-Ribelles ◽  
Javier Marín-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Future Research Agenda

In this article, we introduce three-dimensional Serious Games (3DSGs) under an evidence-centered design (ECD) framework and use an organizational neuroscience-based eye-tracking measure to capture implicit behavioral signals associated with leadership skills. While ECD is a well-established framework used in the design and development of assessments, it has rarely been utilized in organizational research. The study proposes a novel 3DSG combined with organizational neuroscience methods as a promising tool to assess and recognize leadership-related behavioral patterns that manifest during complex and realistic social situations. We offer a research protocol for assessing task- and relationship-oriented leadership skills that uses ECD, eye-tracking measures, and machine learning. Seamlessly embedding biological measures into 3DSGs enables objective assessment methods that are based on machine learning techniques to achieve high ecological validity. We conclude by describing a future research agenda for the combined use of 3DSGs and organizational neuroscience methods for leadership and human resources.

Conical SNA using fuzzy k-medoids based on user experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092098849
Author(s):  
Poonam Rani ◽  
MPS Bhatia ◽  
Devendra K Tayal
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Cone Model ◽  
Intelligent Approach ◽  
Conical Model

The paper presents an intelligent approach for the comparison of social networks through a cone model by using the fuzzy k-medoids clustering method. It makes use of a geometrical three-dimensional conical model, which astutely represents the user experience views. It uses both the static as well as the dynamic parameters of social networks. In this, we propose an algorithm that investigates which social network is more fruitful. For the experimental results, the proposed work is employed on the data collected from students from different universities through the Google forms, where students are required to rate their experience of using different social networks on different scales.

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