scholarly journals Towards the integration of urban sound planning in urban development processes: the study of four test sites within the SONORUS project

Noise Mapping ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Alves ◽  
Laura Estévez-Mauriz ◽  
Francesco Aletta ◽  
Gemma M. Echevarria-Sanchez ◽  
Virginia Puyana Romero
Keyword(s):  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Innovative Techniques ◽  
Real Test

Abstract Noise pollution in urban environments is today a major problem affecting inhabitants of many European cities. Reducing noise is therefore a necessity. As a result, many cities now have noise action plans comprising concrete actions to tackle noise issues in affected areas. Nevertheless, these often isolated documents only address existing problems. In order to change this practice an integrated strategy is necessary. A new approach to urban sound planning, a holistic approach, is being developed and tested within the SONORUS project and it is described in this paper. SONORUS, the Urban Sound Planner project, is an initial training network (ITN) that is educating researchers in a whole range of acoustic disciplines, as well as in advanced urban planning processes. An essential part of this training is the application of the holistic approach to real test sites. Although this is an ongoing work, a few innovative techniques were already developed and its application to the test sites resulted in improved urban sound planning tools. This paper promotes the discussion about the implications that the holistic approach might have in urban sound planning policies and how it can be a driving force for changing the noise pollution situation in urban environments.

scholarly journals INFORMALITY IN FORMAL SPACES THROUGH SELF ORGANIZATION: A STUDY OF THE PEOPLE’S PROCESSES IN PUTTALAM TOWN IN SRI LANKA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.P.W.P. Pathirana ◽  
◽  
J. Munasinghe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Public ◽  
Informative Case ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Production

Informality is an inevitable ingredient in an urban environment. The ‘formally’ established urban built environments are informally shaped by people for the appropriation of spaces for their activities. Within dominant institutionalized urban planning processes, such informalities are often regarded as ‘nuisances’, ‘out-of-place’, and ‘misfits’ in urban spaces. Yet, informally organized spaces are as important as formal spaces for the vitality, equity, and sustainability of all types of urban environments. People's processes in the creation and operation of informal spaces, resisting, contesting, and negotiating the dominant formal networks, have been the subject of many scholarly works over the last few decades, but a lack of empirical work and informative case studies on the subject has distanced mainstream planners and urban designers from learning and integrating such informal space production into institutionalized urban development processes. In order to mend this gap and reorient the prevalent understanding among planning professionals, a people’s endeavor in Puttalam town in Sri Lanka to form and sustain informal spaces is presented in this paper. The paper elaborates on the ‘self-organizing’ behaviour of the small-scale retail vendors and the day-to-day users of the city to withstand interventions by the authorities on the public market space of the town.

A case study of noise pollution levels during the restrictions period due to COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (6) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
David Montes-González ◽  
Juan Miguel Barrigón-Morillas ◽  
Ana Cristina Bejarano-Quintas ◽  
Manuel Parejo-Pizarro ◽  
Guillermo Rey-Gozalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to the need for drastic control measures around the world to reduce the impact on the health of the population. The confinement of people in their homes resulted in a significant reduction in human activity at every level (economic, social, industrial, etc.), which was reflected in a decrease in environmental pollution levels. Studying the evolution of parameters, such as the level of environmental noise caused by vehicle traffic in urban environments, makes it possible to assess the impact of this type of measure. This paper presents a case study of the acoustic situation in Cáceres (Spain) during the restriction period by means of long-term acoustic measurements at various points of the city.

scholarly journals Red de autopistas urbanas: estimación de los efectos territoriales en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires = Urban expressways network: Estimate of the territorial effects on the City of Buenos Aires

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Tovar Numpaque
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
City Model ◽  
The City

ResumenEsta investigación aporta bases científicas y metodológicas de diagnóstico territorial, relacionadas al efecto causal de las autopistas elevadas sobre su entorno inmediato. Para lograrlo se utilizan antecedentes históricos y normativos, pero también, el procesamiento de datos abiertos y la utilización de herramientas econométricas que dimensionan impacto. Los resultados identifican 11.893 hogares afectados por contaminación sonora, reducción en la edificabilidad, reducción en el valor de las propiedades y aumento en la probabilidad de robo o hurto. La Ciudad de Buenos Aires es la principal centralidad de la región en términos de empleo, producción y servicios del país. Esta condición sustenta la utilidad de las autopistas en términos económicos y de movilidad; sin embargo, enfrenta desafíos de impacto ambiental y calidad de vida, que deben ser priorizados en el marco de la agenda de cambio climático y vulnerabilidad de las poblaciones. En el documento se analiza además la evolución del modelo de ciudad con autopistas, sus transformaciones y las posibilidades futuras de estas infraestructuras en los entornos urbanos. Optimizarlas, reemplazarlas por túneles o derribarlas, son las principales acciones que las ciudades vienen desarrollando, específicamente para la recualificación de zonas céntricas, frentes costeros y entornos barriales.AbstractThis research provides scientific and methodological bases for territorial diagnostics, related to the causal effect of elevated expressways on their immediate surroundings. To achieve this, historical and normative background is used, but also, the open data processing and the use of econometric tools that measure impact. The results identify 11.893 households affected by noise pollution, reduction in buildability, reduction in property value and increase in the probability of larceny or robbery. The city of Buenos Aires is the main centrality of the region in terms of employment, production and services of the country. This condition underpins the usefulness of expressways in terms of economics and mobility; however, it faces challenges of environmental impact and quality of life, which must be prioritized within the framework of climate change and the vulnerability agenda of populations. This document also analyses the evolution of the city model with motorways, their transformations and the future possibilities of these infrastructures in urban environments. Optimizing them, replacing them with tunnels or demolishing them, are the main actions that cities are developing, specifically for the re-qualification of central areas, coastal fronts and neighborhood environments.

Sustainable Urban Development

2011 ◽  
pp. 171-185
Author(s):  
Suharto Teriman ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Severine Mayere
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Sustainable Resource Use ◽  
Urban Planning And Development ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Planning Development

Sustainable development has long been promoted as the best answer to the world’s environmental problems. This term has generated mass appeal as it implies that both the development of the built environment and its associated resource consumption can be achieved without jeopardising the natural environment. In the urban context, sustainability issues have been reflected in the promotion of sustainable urban development, which emphasises the sensible exploitation of scarce natural resources for urbanisation in a manner that allows future generations to repeat the process. This chapter highlights attempts to promote sustainable urban development through an integration of three important considerations: planning, development and the ecosystem. It highlights the fact that spatial planning processes were traditionally driven by economic and social objectives, and rarely involved promoting the sustainability agenda to achieve a sustainable urban future. As a result, rapid urbanisation has created a variety of pressures on the ecosystem upon which we rely. It is believed that the integration of the urban planning and development processes within the limitations of the ecosystem, monitored by a sustainability assessment mechanism, would offer a better approach to maintaining sustainable resource use without compromising urban development.

Performance Measurement in Innovation Processes

2011 ◽  
pp. 376-395
Author(s):  
Jan Strickman ◽  
Axel Hahn ◽  
Stefan Häusler ◽  
Kevin Hausmann
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Innovation Processes ◽  
Product Development Processes

This chapter introduces a new approach for performance measurement in product development and innovation processes. It shows that there is a great need in practice to increase the efficiency of product development processes because existing approaches are not sufficient to give enough information about a running project. These approaches both from science and industry are analysed and a new attempt is introduced that aims at the integration of concrete project data with information about the product by using Semantic Web technologies. Furthermore, the authors want to show that there is an emerging gap between productivity increase and the complexity of product development processes. This will be a challenge in the future and has high potential for research that has to be done in close cooperation with industry.

Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Sound Management

<em>Abstract</em>.-The general acceptance that individual fisheries should be managed in the context of the ecosystem of which the target species are a part has led to the paradigm of ecosystem- based fisheries management (EBFM). Such management may be particularly suitable for diadromous fishes, which spend time in rivers, estuaries, and the sea, because their sustainability would benefit from a holistic approach. The extent to which this is possible and has been successful depends on a wide variety of biological, socioeconomic, and political factors. Fishing in all its forms is only one of a broad array of human activities in rivers, estuaries, and the coastal zone; hence, diadromous fisheries management requires not only integration across ecosystems, but also its inclusion in overall planning processes. Tropical diadromous fisheries in developing countries suffer from overfishing, lack of adequate human resources to manage the fisheries, insufficient scientific data for sound management and decision making, lack of monitoring capabilities, poor enforcement of laws, inefficient administration, and increasing conflicts between different types of users. Even in developed countries, many of these issues also have not been addressed. The extent to which an EBFM approach has been successful for tropical diadromous species is discussed using the various barramundi <em>Lates calcarifer</em>, mullet (Mugilidae), and tropical shad (<em>Tenualosa</em>) fisheries of Asia and Australia, taking into account issues of food security and the role of community-based management.

Ambient Pedagogies, Meaningful Learning and Social Software

2010 ◽  
pp. 415-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ravenscroft ◽  
Musbah Sagar ◽  
Enzian Baur ◽  
Peter Oriogun
Keyword(s):  
Digital Age ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Social Software ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Experience Design ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Dialogue Games ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Stable Learning

This chapter will present a new approach to designing learning interactions and experiences that reconciles relatively stable learning processes with relatively new digital practices in the context of social software and Web 2.0. It will begin with a brief position on current educational articulations of social software before offering some theoretical pointers and methodological perspectives for research and development in this area. The authors will then explain how an ongoing initiative in advanced learning design has developed notions of “ambient learning design” and “experience design” to address these issues and describe a new methodology for developing digital tools that incorporate these concepts. This approach is exemplified through ongoing work within an initiative in Digital Dialogue Games and the InterLoc tool that realises them. Finally, the implications this work has for future trends in designing for inclusive, highly communicative and engaging learning interactions and practices for the digital age are discussed.

Model-Based Development Process of Cybertronic Products and Production Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 1018 ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Meissner ◽  
Marcel Cadet ◽  
Nicole Stephan ◽  
Christian Bohr
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Product Lifecycle Management ◽  
Mechatronic Systems ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Open Networks ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Faster Development ◽  
Lifecycle Management

The shift to satisfied customer markets forces manufacturers to offer customised products. Moreover, product lifecycles are shortened, which requires a faster development of products and corresponding production systems. Both challenges amplify complexity in production. This complexity is usually confronted with flexibility. A new approach offering decentralised structures, and thereby flexibility, comes from cybertronic systems (CTS), which are further developed mechatronic systems with the capability to communicate through open networks with other such mechatronic systems. Up to now no integrated development process to engineer cybertronic products (CTP) and production systems (CTPS) has been developed, although such a process is essential to use their beneficial properties for today’s market conditions. Therefore, research is conducted in the research project mecPro². First, the properties of cybertronic systems are investigated and dissociated from those of mechatronic systems. Based on these properties, the connections of CTP and CTPS are analysed and a systematics for description for both is identified. With this the model-based development processes of CTP and CTPS can be further defined as well as their intersections and afterwards implemented in a data model. Finally, the development process is summarised in a product lifecycle management software to support the development process.

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