Development and testing of braking and acceleration features for vehicle advanced driver assistance system

<span lang="EN-US">Traffic congestion is a constant problem for cities worldwide. The human driving inefficiency and poor urban planning and development contribute to traffic buildup and travel discomfort. An example of human inefficiency is the phantom traffic jam, which is caused by unnecessary braking, causing traffic to slow down, and eventually coming to a stop. In this study, a brake and acceleration feature (BAF) for the advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) is proposed to mitigate the effects of the phantom traffic phenomenon. In its initial stage, the BAF provides a heads-up display that gives information on how much braking and acceleration input is needed to maintain smooth driving conditions, i.e., without sudden acceleration or deceleration, while observing a safe distance from the vehicle in front. BAF employs a fuzzy logic controller that takes distance information from a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor and the vehicle’s instantaneous speed from the engine control unit (ECU). It then calculates the corresponding percentage value of needed acceleration and braking in order to maintain travel objectives of smooth and safe-distance travel. Empirical results show that the system suggests acceleration and braking values slightly higher than the driver’s actual inputs and can achieve 90% accuracy overall.</span>

The Global Greyfields Transition: Why Urban Redevelopment in Low-Density, Car-Based Middle Suburbs Needs a New Model

This chapter provides the framework and rationale for Greening the Greyfields and its two new models for greyfield precinct regeneration (GPR): place-activated and transit-activated GPR. They provide a basis for regenerative urban redevelopment in the middle-ring greyfield suburbs of fast-growing, low-density cities. Place-activated GPR advances a new development model for the ‘missing middle’ in cities: new medium-density housing at precinct scale. Transit-activated GPR extends new sustainable modes of mobility into car-dependent suburbs. Both processes are required for retrofitting suburbia to fix the shortcomings of mid- to late-twentieth-century urban planning and development.

Rethinking the Suburban Shopping Centre

<p>Auckland city is New Zealand’s fastest growing city which continues to sprawl outwards degrading the biodiversity of the natural systems. The population’s culture of the ‘quarter-acre dream’ opposes intensification in low rise suburbia. While suburban shopping centres are the product of urban sprawl they are now situated in central areas relative to the growing city. Their land is now more valuable than the surface car parking that occupies the majority of the site and has the opportunity to foster intensification. In addition, these centres no longer provide a new exciting retail experience and the retail environments lack any point of difference between suburb to suburb, city to city and country to country. The research explores three bodies of work; new urbanists Jan Gehl and Peter Calthorpe; retail theory on theatrical experience from the architect Jon Jerde, and eco-master planning of Ken Yeang. Forming the hypothesis that ecology has the ability to facilitate the hybridisation of new urbanism and retail environments creating identity and sense of place for an intensified suburban-centre. Ecology has the capacity to create a theatrical experience to re-image the retail environments towards environmental conscious consumption. The inquiry contends that urban planning and development has fragmented the regions natural systems degrading the biodiversity of species that once occupied the built area. As we continue to consume more land and more commodities, we become removed from the environment, the thing that gives us life. The outcome of this investigation is an urban masterplan and framework for Highland Park Shopping Centre, accommodating commercial, retail, recreational and residential activities in the form of a new suburban centre that reconnects and enhances the region’s natural systems. The centre becomes a catalyst for further intensification in its surrounding context. The strategies employed for the design case study can be replicated at other suburban centres allowing intensification to be enriched from the sites ecology.</p>

Rethinking the Suburban Shopping Centre

<p>Auckland city is New Zealand’s fastest growing city which continues to sprawl outwards degrading the biodiversity of the natural systems. The population’s culture of the ‘quarter-acre dream’ opposes intensification in low rise suburbia. While suburban shopping centres are the product of urban sprawl they are now situated in central areas relative to the growing city. Their land is now more valuable than the surface car parking that occupies the majority of the site and has the opportunity to foster intensification. In addition, these centres no longer provide a new exciting retail experience and the retail environments lack any point of difference between suburb to suburb, city to city and country to country. The research explores three bodies of work; new urbanists Jan Gehl and Peter Calthorpe; retail theory on theatrical experience from the architect Jon Jerde, and eco-master planning of Ken Yeang. Forming the hypothesis that ecology has the ability to facilitate the hybridisation of new urbanism and retail environments creating identity and sense of place for an intensified suburban-centre. Ecology has the capacity to create a theatrical experience to re-image the retail environments towards environmental conscious consumption. The inquiry contends that urban planning and development has fragmented the regions natural systems degrading the biodiversity of species that once occupied the built area. As we continue to consume more land and more commodities, we become removed from the environment, the thing that gives us life. The outcome of this investigation is an urban masterplan and framework for Highland Park Shopping Centre, accommodating commercial, retail, recreational and residential activities in the form of a new suburban centre that reconnects and enhances the region’s natural systems. The centre becomes a catalyst for further intensification in its surrounding context. The strategies employed for the design case study can be replicated at other suburban centres allowing intensification to be enriched from the sites ecology.</p>

DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORETICAL BASIS AND PRACTICAL EVALUATION OF RESULTS MANAGEMENT OF STAKEHOLDERS IN PROJECTS

Problem statement. The paper proposes a solution to the current scientific and applied problem – improving the efficiency and quality of concepts of territorial development through the use of objective methods to justify the objectives, content and boundaries of projects. It is shown that the complex reconstruction of residential areas should be considered as a natural process of renewal and improvement of urban planning and development, improving the quality of habitat and human life support system, efficiency of use of territories and housing. The ability to correctly determine the goals, size of the project, the coordination of the developer's own interests with the interests of future owners leads to maximum results and efficiency. It is shown that in the development of development and management of development projects there are still a number of unresolved issues, including: integration of development companies with the environment and the needs of the environment, and not yet sufficiently developed objective methods of substantiation of concepts, content and boundaries of multifaceted development projects. Conceptual solutions of development projects are considered as an object of research. The object of the study is to increase the efficiency and quality of development projects through objective methods of substantiation of the content and boundaries of projects. As a purpose of the study the following tasks were identified and solved: an analysis of the environment of development projects was performed and the main categories of stakeholders and their range of interests were identified; the system of the purposes and priorities at development and an estimation of possible alternatives of projects is defined; algorithms of actions and tools for substantiation of the maintenance and borders of development projects on the basis of uniform system of the purposes and priorities are offered. The results of the study will increase the efficiency of development projects and increase the profitability of land use.

Issues and challenges for urban development in Indian cities post pandemic: A case of Jaipur

The greatest challenge the whole world is facing currently is how urban development can be processed based on COVID -19 pandemic can be addressed. A country like India which has low healthcare resources, large population of poor people, many of whom are already burdened with other health issues, pose challenges on every dimension. Numerous problems like overcrowding, pollution, housing shortage, proliferation of slums, inefficient infrastructure, increased instances of disasters, unhealthy living conditions, shortage of open spaces, etc. are the major cause of concern in most of the Indian cities. As a result, severe outbreaks of major epidemics have been observed in the past, which led to a huge loss of resources and human life. Thus, it is important to understand the appropriateness of present trends of urban planning and development. “COVID-19” has spread ruthlessly in major Indian cities due to the high population densities and shared sanitation facilities, thus affecting millions of people. Considering “Jaipur” as a case study, the 10th largest city of India, known for its trade and commerce has been affected tremendously due to pandemic and has experienced enormous loss of human life and economic resources. Thus, it is imperative to understand the various urban problems faced by cities, which has increased the vulnerability to the pandemic and has facilitated its spread. This paper investigates various urban problems faced by Indian cities in general and specific to the context of Jaipur, which facilitates the spread of Pandemic. Hence, proposing various urban planning measures in order to cope up with the challenges arising in urban development of Indian cities to be able to cater to such situation.

The role of transitional uses, temporary interventions & "ephemerality" in post-industrial waterfront spaces: lessons for Toronto's port lands.

Post-industrial waterfronts are often characterized by a time-gap or a moment of standstill between the collapse of a previous use and the transition to a new and future use. However, conventional planning processes often leave these areas in a curious limbo while they are being prepared or while their futures are being determined. Changing contemporary conditions demand that planners re-evaluate urban planning and development approaches. Transitional uses and temporary interventions must be recognized as legitimate and important aspects of the planning process especially in these ephemeral landscapes as they provide an outlet for innovative and adaptive practices. This paper discusses three case studies. The cities of Melbourne, Amsterdam and Hamburg implemented unique and adaptive projects along their waterfronts as mechanisms to catalyze redevelopment and foster social engagement during indeterminate times. This paper explores these projects and applies the strategies used in each to Toronto’s vacant and extensively underutilized Port Lands.