A case study of noise pollution levels during the restrictions period due to COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (6) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
David Montes-González ◽  
Juan Miguel Barrigón-Morillas ◽  
Ana Cristina Bejarano-Quintas ◽  
Manuel Parejo-Pizarro ◽  
Guillermo Rey-Gozalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to the need for drastic control measures around the world to reduce the impact on the health of the population. The confinement of people in their homes resulted in a significant reduction in human activity at every level (economic, social, industrial, etc.), which was reflected in a decrease in environmental pollution levels. Studying the evolution of parameters, such as the level of environmental noise caused by vehicle traffic in urban environments, makes it possible to assess the impact of this type of measure. This paper presents a case study of the acoustic situation in Cáceres (Spain) during the restriction period by means of long-term acoustic measurements at various points of the city.

scholarly journals Colonial Values and Asylum Care in Brazil: Reclaiming the Streets Through Carnival in Rio de Janeiro

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Julia Evangelista ◽  
William A. Fulford
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The City

AbstractThis chapter shows how carnival has been used to counter the impact of Brazil’s colonial history on its asylums and perceptions of madness. Colonisation of Brazil by Portugal in the nineteenth century led to a process of Europeanisation that was associated with dismissal of non-European customs and values as “mad” and sequestration of the poor from the streets into asylums. Bringing together the work of the two authors, the chapter describes through a case study how a carnival project, Loucura Suburbana (Suburban Madness), in which patients in both long- and short-term asylum care play leading roles, has enabled them to “reclaim the streets,” and re-establish their right to the city as valid producers of culture on their own terms. In the process, entrenched stigmas associated with having a history of mental illness in a local community are challenged, and sense of identity and self-confidence can be rebuilt, thus contributing to long-term improvements in mental well-being. Further illustrative materials are available including photographs and video clips.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE CITY TRAFFIC NOISE: CASE STUDY // EKONOMSKI ASPEKTI BUKE OD GRADSKOG SAOBRAĆAJA: STUDIJA SLUČAJA

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Božić ◽  
Predrag Ilić ◽  
Ljiljana Stojanović Bjelić
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Noise pollution is one of the main environmental problems today.The main source of environmental noise is traffic noise, especially the noise of road vehicles. The continuing expansion of motorized transport in Europe and Republic of Srpska today, and especially the sharp increase in the use of private cars raises concerns about the health risks.The aim of the case study was to determine the noise level at the location „Borik“ in Banja Luka. The measured values indicate that the noise level in this street is alarming. This paper discusses health and well-being related impacts of traffic noise pollution as well as the economic and social benefits associated with its reduction. It summarizes the latest scientific evidence on the impact of road traffic-induced noise on physical and mental health as a reaction to the high level of traffic noise risks. According to the scientific evidence, road traffic is the main source of noise pollution in Europe that cause harmful health such as impaired communication and disturbed sleep, as well as adverse after effects such as fatigue and decreased performance, annoyance, hearing impairment, ischemic heart disease and hypertension. The effects of unhealthy noise level are reflected on living and working conditions, consequently affecting the economy.This paper highlights economic implications and health benefits linked to cross-functionalities in the process of noise reduction in urbanism, architecture and vehicle design and methods for its evaluation. Cost-benefit analysis would be a pivotal decision-making tool for the city road traffic and land-use decisions. Economic valuation is about identifying all preferences and translating them into a money measure, to create a common denominator for comparing the pros and cons. Any decision implicitly include a money value into health effects. A holistic approach is crucial, considering the various health and economic consequences together.

The Impact of Spatial Organization on Locating the Friday Mosques in the Traditional Islamic City-The Old Mosul City as a Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faris A. Matloob ◽  
Ahmad B. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
People Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Early Islamic

Islamic city has its own character that distinguishes it from other urban environments. This is because it followed the Islamic ideology related to building the land. This led to that all cities built during early Islamic ages had followed the same principles in any part of the Islamic world. It is argued that the characteristics of the urban space configuration have a big role in making these cities successful environments. The key aspect in this matter is the distribution of land uses within the urban structure as it is directly associated with people movement and the distribution of their activities. The Friday mosques as the most important components of the Islamic city was located in a way that gave the city its own character. This study supposes that the distribution of the Friday mosques was affected by the way in which the urban space was configured. It aimed to find out to what extent this configuration influenced locating the Friday mosques in the urban fabric. Using space syntax as an analytical technique and the Old Mosul city as a case study, this research analyzed the spatial structure against several spatial characteristics with mosques locations to meet its goal.  

scholarly journals Air Quality and Its Relationship with COVID-19 Mortality in Hotspot Places of India: A Post-lockdown Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Raja Naqvi ◽  
Guneet Mutreja ◽  
Adnan Shakeel ◽  
Masood Ahsan Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Ground Monitoring ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Point

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic spread over the world like the wind with more than 400,000 documented cases as of March 24th, 2020. In this regard, strict lockdown measures were imposed in India on the same date to stop the virus spread. Thereafter, various lockdown impacts were observed and one of the immediate effects was a reduction in air pollution levels across the world. In this study, we have selected 14 major hotspot places where the COVID-19 cases were >1000 (as of 1st June 2020) that represents more than 70% mortalities of India. We assessed the impact of lockdown on different air quality indicators including ground (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, O3, and AQI) and tropospheric nitric oxide (NO2) concentrations through ground monitoring stations and Sentinel-5 satellite data respectively. We have found highest reduction in NO2 (-48.68%), PM2.5 (-34.84%) and PM10 (-33.89%) air pollutant (unit in µg/m3) levels post-lockdown. Moreover, tropospheric NO2 (mol/m2) concentrations were also improved over Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Thane, and Ahmedabad metro cities. Interestingly, air pollutant indicators have been correlated with different periods (as of 1st and 15th June 2020) of COVID-19 mortalities data to assess the bounding between these variables. Accordingly, we have found a strong positive correlation of mortalities data with ground PM10 (R2=0.145; r =0.38) and AQI (R2=0.17; r =0.412) indicators and this relationship has been improved significantly on second time point. The correlation finding suggests that the long-term bad air quality may aggravate the clinical symptoms of the disease.

scholarly journals Prediction of the COVID-19 epidemic trends based on SEIR and AI models

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245101
Author(s):  
Shuo Feng ◽  
Zebang Feng ◽  
Chen Ling ◽  
Chen Chang ◽  
Zhongke Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Epidemic Control ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In December 2019, the outbreak of a new coronavirus-caused pneumonia (COVID-19) in Wuhan attracted close attention in China and the world. The Chinese government took strong national intervention measures on January 23 to control the spread of the epidemic. We are trying to show the impact of these controls on the spread of the epidemic. We proposed an SEIR(Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed) model to analyze the epidemic trend in Wuhan and use the AI model to analyze the epidemic trend in non-Wuhan areas. We found that if the closure was lifted, the outbreak in non-Wuhan areas of mainland China would double in size. Our SEIR and AI model was effective in predicting the COVID-19 epidemic peaks and sizes. The epidemic control measures taken by the Chinese government, especially the city closure measures, reduced the scale of the COVID-19 epidemic.

scholarly journals Implications of Covid-19 on Auditor’s Reporting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Mila Austria Reyes ◽  
Hajanirina Andrianantenaina ◽  
Gatot Imam Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Quality Matters ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Twenty years ago, nobody will ever think that the world will experience what we are experiencing right now.  The whole world had been put in uncertainty due to pandemic which started from the city of Wuhan, China. This pandemic called COVID-19 had affected everyone’s life including many companies in Indonesia.  It has impact on audit quality. Matters are analyzed through input/output based on Francis (2011) and Knechel (2010). This research adopts desk study method to investigate the impact of COVID-19 to audit quality.  It suggests the improvement of the regulations (time, and fee), the auditor’s matters (experience, routine, and client). Quality can be based not only by the auditing report as the product from the activity, but from the engagement from the output of this report for long term horizon.</p>

Response and Recovery through Event Portfolio Management A Case Study from Des Moines, Iowa (Smita Singh and Eric D Olson)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Singh ◽  
Eric D. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
The Core ◽  
Des Moines ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Reward Characteristics

Des Moines, Iowa, hosts a variety of diverse events and festivals, reaping quite an event portfolio. A balanced portfolio of events is shaped by long term strategy: “a full portfolio will consist of various types of events, for different target markets, held in different places, and at different times of the year, in pursuit of multiple goals” (Getz, 2013, p. 23). Diversified and multiple events can bring more profits to the event organizers and the stakeholders by identifying overall risk-reward characteristics and minimizing the risk of not attracting the target audiences (Ziakas, 2014). Portfolio management of events also involves multiple stakeholders with distinct needs, priorities, and expectations (Reid, 2011). Thus, stakeholder theory is also considered a strategic tool within the events sector (Niekerk & Getz, 2019) which emphasizes the engagements between the events or the event portfolio and its stakeholders, hence putting the event at the core of the evaluation. This chapter utilizes the festival and event sector in Des Moines, Iowa as a case study to highlight the challenges of recovery and response to the COVID-19 pandemic and examines how Des Moines’s portfolio management of festivals and events will position the city for a strong recovery in the festival and event sector. This chapter is organized as follows. First, we highlight key festivals and events in Des Moines. Next, we discuss how festivals and events in Des Moines have been responding to the impact of COVD-19. We then present four propositions, based on stakeholder interviews, how Des Moines can mitigate the effects of COVID-19 on its event portfolio.

scholarly journals Impact Of Demonetization: A Case Study Of Ambala Distt

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Bansal
Keyword(s):  
National Currency ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Legal Tender ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender. Demonetization is necessary whenever there is a change of national currency. The old unit of currency must be retired and replaced with a new currency unit. Samples of 200 respondents were randomly selected from Ambala District of Haryana. It is found that four variables namely gender, age, annual income, occupation have significant association with the impact of demonetization. It also results that demonetization helps demolish black money is the first ranking given by the respondents and it is followed by demolition of Social Evils like corruption, terrorism etc. It has been concluded that no doubt, most of the sectors have shown impact but all the issues mentioned in paper stand for very short period and in long term, Indian economy will emerge as one of the strongest economy in the world resulting from our government move of demonetization.

scholarly journals Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on noise pollution levels in an Indian city-A case study of Kanpur

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirudh Mishra ◽  
Sanhita Das ◽  
Deepesh Singh ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar Maurya
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Noise Mitigation ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Hormonal Dysfunction ◽  
Indian City

Abstract Noise pollution is an emerging environmental threat, prolonged exposure of which can cause annoyance, sleep disturbance, hypertension, psychiatric disorders and also hormonal dysfunction. Among all the sources of noise pollution, the noise generated by road vehicle traffic significantly affects the quality of urban environments. Concerning the recent imposition of COVID-19 societal lockdown, this study attempts to investigate the impacts of COVID-19 lockdown on the changes in noise pollution levels before, during and after lockdown phase in different residential, commercial, industrial and silence zones of the city of Kanpur, India. Although a significant reduction in the noise levels was observed during lockdown, except for commercial zone all other monitoring stations had reported sound levels quite higher than the recommended noise limits set by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India. Results further indicated that prominent improvements in health benefits could be observed in the lockdown period, much better than the pre-lockdown and unlock phase. Several noise mitigation strategies are also proposed, which may indeed pave the way for devising noise control measures in the local and regional level.

The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the noise pollution: case study in the city of Skopje

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2087-2094
Author(s):  
Simona Domazetovska ◽  
Maja Anachkova ◽  
Viktor Gavriloski ◽  
Ankica Sokolikj ◽  
Sandra Stojkovska
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The lockdown that the city of Skopje has suffered during the months of April to June 2020 in order to control the spread of COVID-19 has significantly changed the acoustic environment in the urban parts of the city. The absence of vehicles, people on the streets and closed restaurants has led to a noise reduction captured by the low-cost wireless sensor network in the City of Skopje. The analysis carried out in this paper show reduction in noise pollution strongly correlated with the population's activity and behavior to the new circumstances. Overall, the sound pressure levels vary around 65 dB; however, some extreme decrease can be noticed, especially during the quarantine weekends. Also, the noise levels were compared between the same time periods during the year of 2019 and 2020, where it can be perceived reduction in the sound level for 36,5% for the day-evening-night noise level indicator (L). Significant variations occur for the indicators L, L, and L, especially during the lockdown weekends.

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