scholarly journals Recent development of Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Carbon Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhui Li ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Yusheng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Carbon Foam ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Review State

Abstract Supercapacitor has gained significant attention due to its fast charging/discharging speed, high power density and long-term cycling stability in contrast to traditional batteries. In this review, state-of-the-art achievements on supercapacitor electrode based on carbon materials is summarized. In all-carbon composite materials part, various carbon materials including graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon foam and carbon cloth are composited to fabricate larger specific surface area and higher electrical conductivity electrodes. However, obstacles of low power density as well as low cycling life still remain to be addressed. In metal-oxide composites part, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon fiber fabric and hollow carbon nanofibers combine with MnO2 respectively, which significantly address drawbacks of all-carbon material electrodes. Additionally, TiO2 is incorporated into graphene electrode to overcome the low mechanical flexibility of graphene. In organic active compounds part, conducting polymers are employed to combinate with carbon materials to fabricate high specific capacitance, long-term thermal stability and outstanding electroconductivity flexible textile supercapacitors. In each part, innovation, fabrication process and performance of the resulting composites are demonstrated. Finally, future directions that could enhance the performance of supercapacitors are discussed.

scholarly journals Design and Regulation of Novel MnFe2O4@C Nanowires as High Performance Electrode for Supercapacitor

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Geng ◽  
Fengfeng Yan ◽  
Chenhao Dong ◽  
Cuihua An
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Micro Emulsion ◽  
High Electric Conductivity

Bimetallic oxides have been considered as potential candidates for supercapacitors due to their relatively high electric conductivity, abundant redox reactions and cheapness. However, nanoparticle aggregation and huge volume variation during charging-discharging procedures make it hard for them to be applied widely. In this work, one-dimensional (1D) MnFe2O4@C nanowires were in-situ synthesized via a simply modified micro-emulsion technique, followed by thermal treatment. The novel 1D and core-shell architecture, and in-situ carbon coating promote its electric conductivity and porous feature. Due to these advantages, the MnFe2O4@C electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance of 824 F·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1 and remains 476 F·g−1 at 5 A·g−1. After 10,000 cycles, the capacitance retention of the MnFe2O4@C electrode is up to 93.9%, suggesting its excellent long-term cycling stability. After assembling with activated carbon (AC) to form a MnFe2O4@C//AC device, the energy density of this MnFe2O4@C//AC device is 27 W·h·kg−1 at a power density of 290 W·kg−1, and remains at a 10 W·h·kg−1 energy density at a high power density of 9300 W·kg−1.

scholarly journals Direct Synthesis of MnO2 Nanorods on Carbon Cloth as Flexible Supercapacitor Electrode

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Xi ◽  
Yinlong Zhu ◽  
Yutu Yang ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Flexible Supercapacitors

MnO2 nanorod/carbon cloth (MnO2/CC) composites were prepared through in situ redox deposition as freestanding electrodes for flexible supercapacitors. The CC substrates possessing porous and interconnecting structures enable the uniform decoration of MnO2 nanorods on each fiber, thus forming conformal coaxial micro/nanocomposites. Three-dimensional CC can provide considerable specific surface area for high mass loading of MnO2, and the direct deposition process without using polymeric binders enables reliable electrical connection of MnO2 with CC. The effect of MnO2 decoration on the electrochemical performances was further investigated, indicating that the electrode prepared with 40 min deposition time shows high specific capacitance (220 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s) and good cycling property (90% of the initial specific capacitance was maintained after 2500 cycles) in 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution. This enhanced electrochemical performance is ascribed to the synergistic effect of good conductivity of carbon substrates as well as outstanding pseudocapacitance of MnO2 nanorods. The obtained MnO2/CC compositing electrode with the advantages of low cost and easy fabrication is promising in applications of flexible supercapacitors.

A New Way to Manufacture a Carbon Nanotubes Supercapacitor

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Tung Feng Hsieh ◽  
Chia Chih Chuang ◽  
Ming Yang Liu ◽  
Yu Chuan Chou ◽  
Chi Min Shu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

A nanocomposite electrode of vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on gold was fabricated to improve the specific capacitance and power density of the conventional supercapacitor. The novel supercapacitor built from MWCNTs and gold electrode showed a very high specific capacitance of 92.74 F/g using cyclic voltammetry (CV) at 10 mV/s, and 96.43 F/g was measured at 100 Hz. This nanocomposite electrode greatly enhanced the utilization efficiency of supercapacitor electrode material, low material cost and provided both high capacitance and power density. It was shown that the nanocomposite electrode based on vertically aligned carbon nanotube electrode had the characteristics of high specific capacitance.

scholarly journals Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Performance of Symmetric Polypyrrole-MnO2 Electrode and Polymer Gel Electrolyte

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 3577
Author(s):  
Wen-Jun Zhuo ◽  
Yen-Hua Wang ◽  
Chia-Tse Huang ◽  
Ming-Jay Deng
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gel Electrolyte ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Polymer Gel Electrolyte ◽  
Power Sources

Herein, the nanostructured polypyrrole-coated MnO2 nanofibers growth on carbon cloth (PPy-MnO2-CC) to serve as the electrodes used in conjunction with a quasi-ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte (urea-LiClO4-PVA) for solid-state symmetric supercapacitors (SSCs). The resultant PPy-MnO2-CC solid-state SSCs exhibited a high specific capacitance of 270 F/g at 1.0 A/g in a stable and wide potential window of 2.1 V with a high energy/power density (165.3 Wh/kg at 1.0 kW/kg and 21.0 kW/kg at 86.4 Wh/kg) along with great cycling stability (capacitance retention of 92.1% retention after 3000 cycles) and rate capability (141 F/g at 20 A/g), exceeding most of the previously reported SSCs. The outstanding performance of the studied 2.1 V PPy-MnO2-CC flexible SSCs could be attributed to the nanostructured PPy-coated MnO2 composite electrode and the urea-LiClO4-PVA polymer gel electrolyte design. In addition, the PPy-MnO2-CC solid-state SSCs could effectively retain their electrochemical performance at various bending angles, demonstrating their huge potential as power sources for flexible and lightweight electronic devices. This work offers an easy way to design and achieve light weight and high-performance SSCs with enhanced energy/power density.

Study of different carbon materials for their use as bioanodes in microbial fuel cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2849-2857
Author(s):  
Catalina González-Nava ◽  
Luis A. Godínez ◽  
Abraham U. Chávez ◽  
Bibiana Cercado ◽  
Luis G. Arriaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Microscopy Images

Abstract Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are capable of removing the organic matter contained in water while generating a certain amount of electrical power at the same time. One of the most important aspects in the operation of MFCs is the formation of biofilms on the anode. Here, we report the characterization of different carbon electrodes and biofilm using a rapid and easy methodology for the growth of biofilms. The biofilms were developed and generated a voltage in less than 4 days, obtaining a maximum of 0.3 V in the cells. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that growth of the biofilm was only on the surface of the electrode, and consequently both carbon cloth Electrochem and carbon cloth Roe materials showed a greater quantity of volatile solids on the surface of the anode and power density. The results suggested that the best support was carbon cloth Electrochem because it generated a power density of 13.4 mW/m2 and required only a few hours for the formation of the biofilm.

The porous ZnCo2O4 nanosheets arrays as a binder-free electrode for high performance flexible supercapacitor materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Shen Wang ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Xiangyang Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Flexible Electrode ◽  
Flexible Supercapacitor ◽  
Binder Free

Abstract In this paper, the porous ZnCo2O4 nanosheets arrays (NAs)/carbon cloth (CC) were prepared for the first time as a binder-free anode by hydrothermal method. The anode electrode material shows multistage pore distribution and thus can provide numerous ways for the transport of ions and electrons. As a supercapacitor electrode, the flexible ZnCo2O4/CC electrode indicates a high specific capacitance (1790 F/g at the current density of 1 A/g), good rate performance, and excellent cycle properties (99.4% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles). Besides, the flexible electrode also displays good mechanical flexibility. The solid-state asymmetric flexible supercapacitor device was assembled taking the ZnCo2O4/CC electrode as the positive electrode and carbon nanotube (CNTs)/CC as the negative electrode. The asymmetric device delivers high energy density 47.1 Wh/Kg (power density 800 W/Kg) and power density 12000 W/Kg (energy density 28.3 Wh/Kg) with the potential window 0 V ~ 1.6 V. These results indicate the ZnCo2O4/CC flexible electrode with high electrochemical performance adjust for environmentally friendly and low-cost energy storage devices in the future.

Metal-Organic Frameworks/Carboxyl Graphene Derived Porous Carbon as a Promising Supercapacitor Electrode Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Lin Mao ◽  
Li Xian Sun ◽  
Fen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Capacitor ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Solvothermal Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Metal Organic

A UiO-66-NO2/carboxyl graphene composite (UiO-66-NO2/CXYG) was synthesized using a simple solvothermal reaction. The composite was then calcined to obtain series of all-carbon mixture of carbonized UiO-66-NO2/reduced carboxyl graphene (CUiO-66-NO2/rCXYG). The obtained carbon materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen sorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Then their electrochemical properties were systematically tested. The results indicated that UiO-66-NO2/CXYG derived Carbon-700 as an electrode for the electrochemical capacitor exhibited a high specific capacitance of 302 F g-1 in 6 M KOH at a current density of 0.15 A g-1, even 170 F g-1 at a high current of 10 A g-1 and good stability (retaining 94% capacitance after 5000 cycles). These UiO-derived porous carbon materials may offer a new insight into the various fields, such as fuel cells, supercapacitors and lithium batteries.

scholarly journals Meso/Microporous Carbons from Conjugated Hyper-Crosslinked Polymers Based on Tetraphenylethene for High-Performance CO2 Capture and Supercapacitor

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gamal Mohamed ◽  
Mahmoud M. M. Ahmed ◽  
Wei-Ting Du ◽  
Shiao-Wei Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Crosslinked Polymers ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials

In this study, we successfully synthesized two types of meso/microporous carbon materials through the carbonization and potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation for two different kinds of hyper-crosslinked polymers of TPE-CPOP1 and TPE-CPOP2, which were synthesized by using Friedel–Crafts reaction of tetraphenylethene (TPE) monomer with or without cyanuric chloride in the presence of AlCl3 as a catalyst. The resultant porous carbon materials exhibited the high specific area (up to 1100 m2 g−1), total pore volume, good thermal stability, and amorphous character based on thermogravimetric (TGA), N2 adsoprtion/desorption, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analyses. The as-prepared TPE-CPOP1 after thermal treatment at 800 °C (TPE-CPOP1-800) displayed excellent CO2 uptake performance (1.74 mmol g−1 at 298 K and 3.19 mmol g−1 at 273 K). Furthermore, this material possesses a high specific capacitance of 453 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 comparable to others porous carbon materials with excellent columbic efficiencies for 10,000 cycle at 20 A g−1.

scholarly journals In Situ Fabrication of Activated Carbon from a Bio-Waste Desmostachya bipinnata for the Improved Supercapacitor Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Krishna Gupta ◽  
Pinky Sagar ◽  
Sumit Kumar Pandey ◽  
Monika Srivastava ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
In Situ Fabrication ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Supercapacitor Performance ◽  
Operating Potential

AbstractHerein, we demonstrate the fabrication of highly capacitive activated carbon (AC) using a bio-waste Kusha grass (Desmostachya bipinnata), by employing a chemical process followed by activation through KOH. The as-synthesized few-layered activated carbon has been confirmed through X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The chemical environment of the as-prepared sample has been accessed through FTIR and UV–visible spectroscopy. The surface area and porosity of the as-synthesized material have been accessed through the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. All the electrochemical measurements have been performed through cyclic voltammetry and galvanometric charging/discharging (GCD) method, but primarily, we focus on GCD due to the accuracy of the technique. Moreover, the as-synthesized AC material shows a maximum specific capacitance as 218 F g−1 in the potential window ranging from − 0.35 to + 0.45 V. Also, the AC exhibits an excellent energy density of ~ 19.3 Wh kg−1 and power density of ~ 277.92 W kg−1, respectively, in the same operating potential window. It has also shown very good capacitance retention capability even after 5000th cycles. The fabricated supercapacitor shows a good energy density and power density, respectively, and good retention in capacitance at remarkably higher charging/discharging rates with excellent cycling stability. Henceforth, bio-waste Kusha grass-derived activated carbon (DP-AC) shows good promise and can be applied in supercapacitor applications due to its outstanding electrochemical properties. Herein, we envision that our results illustrate a simple and innovative approach to synthesize a bio-waste Kusha grass-derived activated carbon (DP-AC) as an emerging supercapacitor electrode material and widen its practical application in electrochemical energy storage fields.

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