The Phenomena La Hoguette and Limburg – Technological Aspects

Abstract La Hoguette and Limburg pottery and the role their producers played in the Neolithization of western Central Europe are still a matter of debate. These styles exist in parallel to Linearbandkeramik (LBK) but are different from LBK pottery and here called Non-LBK wares. The various Non-LBK styles are mainly defined based on decoration, but this does not coincide with important technological features. Therefore, an technological approach including the parameters of temper, vessel morphology, and firing methods was used for an alternative classification and to trace knowledge transmission networks. It is suggested that several technologically distinguishable Non-LBK pottery traditions of different geographical origins existed contemporaneously in western Central Europe. While the early mineral- and organic-tempered ware shows some similarities with the Earliest and Early LBK, the widespread early bone-tempered pottery with its uniform design cannot be traced back to either Cardial or LBK pottery. This is probably the oldest pottery in western Central Europe. This means that here pottery emerged first as a tradition outside both the LBK and Cardial cultures. Increasing interaction between producers of various Non-LBK wares and LBK pottery makers can then be traced over several centuries. All styles are shown to be diverse and dynamic and to be undergoing substantial internal development. The persistent mutual influencing is a key for understanding the development of Non-LBK pottery, as well as for innovations within LBK ceramic production. Here, a hypothesis is proposed that the makers of Non-LBK wares may be hunter-gatherers, although this cannot currently be proven.

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Influence of renewable energy sources on transmission networks in Central Europe

Energy Policy ◽

10.1016/j.enpol.2017.06.021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 108 ◽

pp. 524-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Karel Janda ◽

Jan Málek ◽

Lukáš Rečka

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Central Europe ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Transmission Networks

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Interactions between earliest Linearbandkeramik farmers and central European hunter gatherers at the dawn of European Neolithization

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-56029-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alexey G. Nikitin ◽

Peter Stadler ◽

Nadezhda Kotova ◽

Maria Teschler-Nicola ◽

T. Douglas Price ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Nitrogen Isotope ◽

Western Anatolia ◽

Hunter Gatherers ◽

Central European ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Farming Communities ◽

Non Local ◽

Range Of Variation

AbstractArchaeogenetic research over the last decade has demonstrated that European Neolithic farmers (ENFs) were descended primarily from Anatolian Neolithic farmers (ANFs). ENFs, including early Neolithic central European Linearbandkeramik (LBK) farming communities, also harbored ancestry from European Mesolithic hunter gatherers (WHGs) to varying extents, reflecting admixture between ENFs and WHGs. However, the timing and other details of this process are still imperfectly understood. In this report, we provide a bioarchaeological analysis of three individuals interred at the Brunn 2 site of the Brunn am Gebirge-Wolfholz archeological complex, one of the oldest LBK sites in central Europe. Two of the individuals had a mixture of WHG-related and ANF-related ancestry, one of them with approximately 50% of each, while the third individual had approximately all ANF-related ancestry. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios for all three individuals were within the range of variation reflecting diets of other Neolithic agrarian populations. Strontium isotope analysis revealed that the ~50% WHG-ANF individual was non-local to the Brunn 2 area. Overall, our data indicate interbreeding between incoming farmers, whose ancestors ultimately came from western Anatolia, and local HGs, starting within the first few generations of the arrival of the former in central Europe, as well as highlighting the integrative nature and composition of the early LBK communities.

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First Migration of Peoples and Zarubinets Culture

Bulletin of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts Series in Museology and Monumental Studies ◽

10.31866/2617-7943.4.1-2.2021.249070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1-2) ◽

pp. 60-78

Author(s):

Mikhail Gusakov

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Central Europe ◽

Local Population ◽

Ancient History ◽

Internal Development ◽

Complex Process ◽

History Of ◽

General Scientific ◽

Archaeological Cultures ◽

First Time

The article is devoted to one event in ancient history, called ‘The First Migration of Peoples,’ which was studied and commented on many times when the Germanic tribes Cimbri and Teutons carried out many years of displacement in the space of Central Europe. Despite their defeat by Rome, this event caused a powerful movement of other tribes, especially towards Eastern Europe, where many new archaeological cultures were formed. Among them, a special place is occupied by the Zarubinets culture and its part in the history of Eastern Europe. The purpose of the study is to determine the place of Zarubinets culture in the history of eastern Europe. The research methodology consists in the use of general scientific, special and interdisciplinary methods. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the Zarubinets culture of Eastern Europe is considered against the background of the Western European tribe’s movement due to Roman expansion. Conclusions. The question of the Zarubinets culture's origin is still debatable. Now there is no particular objection to the opinion that the genesis of Zarubinets culture was a complex process that reflected the peculiarities of both the internal development of the local population and the effects of external circumstances, reflecting the movement of tribes in the Center for Europe.

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Interactions between earliest Linearbandkeramik farmers and central European hunter gatherers at the dawn of European Neolithization

10.1101/741900 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alexey G. Nikitin ◽

Peter Stadler ◽

Nadezhda Kotova ◽

Maria Teschler-Nicola ◽

T. Douglas Price ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Nitrogen Isotope ◽

Western Anatolia ◽

Hunter Gatherers ◽

Central European ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Farming Communities ◽

Non Local ◽

Range Of Variation

ABSTRACTArchaeogenetic research over the last decade has demonstrated that European Neolithic farmers (ENFs) were descended primarily from Anatolian Neolithic farmers (ANFs). ENFs, including early Neolithic central European Linearbandkeramik (LBK) farming communities, also harbored ancestry from European Mesolithic hunter gatherers (WHGs) to varying extents, reflecting admixture between ENFs and WHGs. However, the timing and other details of this process are still imperfectly understood. In this report, we provide a bioarchaeological analysis of three individuals interred at the Brunn 2 site of the Brunn am Gebirge-Wolfholz archeological complex, one of the oldest LBK sites in central Europe. Two of the individuals had a mixture of WHG-related and ANF-related ancestry, one of them with approximately 50% of each, while the third individual had approximately all ANF-related ancestry. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios for all three individuals were within the range of variation reflecting diets of other Neolithic agrarian populations. Strontium isotope analysis revealed that the ~50% WHG-ANF individual was non-local to the Brunn 2 area. Overall, our data indicate interbreeding between incoming farmers, whose ancestors ultimately came from western Anatolia, and local HGs, starting within the first few generations of the arrival of the former in central Europe, as well as highlighting the integrative nature and composition of the early LBK communities.

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What Have Genetics Ever Done for Us? The Implications of aDNA Data for Interpreting Identity in Early Neolithic Central Europe

European Journal of Archaeology ◽

10.1179/1461957114y.0000000083 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 454-476 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Daniela Hofmann

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Genetic Data ◽

Fundamental Change ◽

Early Neolithic ◽

Migration Process ◽

Hunter Gatherers ◽

Neolithic Transition ◽

Transition Models ◽

New Research ◽

The Impact

This paper is concerned with the impact of ancient DNA data on our models of the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in central Europe. Beginning with a brief overview of how genetic data have been received by archaeologists working in this area, it outlines the potential and remaining problems of this kind of evidence. As a migration around the beginning of the Neolithic now seems certain, new research foci are then suggested. One is renewed attention to the motivations and modalities of the migration process. The second is a fundamental change in attitude towards the capabilities of immigrant Neolithic populations to behave in novel and creative ways, abilities which in our transition models were long exclusively associated with hunter-gatherers.

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The second stage of Neolithisation and para-Neolithic in the southern Baltic

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv201764202 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 116-124

Author(s):

Marek Nowak

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Territorial Development ◽

Hunter Gatherers ◽

Territorial Expansion ◽

East Central Europe ◽

East Central ◽

Archaeological Data ◽

Linear Band ◽

Funnel Beaker Culture ◽

Food Economy

The origins of the Neolithic, understood as a phenomenon with food economy dependent on agriculture, in east-central Europe are associated with the appearance of communities reflected by the Linear Band Pottery culture (LBK) in ca . 5500 BC. These communities settled only small enclaves, distinguished by ecological conditions favourable to farming. Situation of this kind persisted in the 5th millennium BC, when territories under discussion were inhabited by post-Linear groups. Consequently, at that time, hunter-gatherers still occupied ca. 70% of these territories. Such situation changed from 4200/4100 BC onwards, due to the formation and spectacular territorial expansion of the Funnel Beaker culture (TRB). This expansion covered both the areas previously inhabited by hunter-gatherers and farmers. Around 3500 BC Neolithic formation encompassed virtually the whole of this part of Central Europe. Parallel to the first and second Neolithisations, independent processes of ceramisation of the Late Mesolithic communities proceeded. While in the 5th millennium BC they were fairly selective, in the 4th millennium BC they were quite intensive. A new cultural model formed here which might be called para-Neolithic. Archaeological data indicate contacts between TRB and para-Neolithic communities. The latter phenomena (mainly the Neman culture) show also a significant territorial development.

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Introduction

Early Farmers ◽

10.5871/bacad/9780197265758.003.0001 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Penny Bickle ◽

Alasdair Whittle

Keyword(s):

Cultural Diversity ◽

Central Europe ◽

The Other ◽

Neolithic Period ◽

Human History ◽

Hunter Gatherers ◽

Archaeological Science ◽

Long Term Consequences ◽

Recent Project

The Neolithic period worldwide can readily be identified as one of the great transformations in human history—in Europe, there were no farmers at c.7000 cal BC, but very few hunter-gatherers after c.4000 cal BC—with long-term consequences still felt today. However, it remains difficult to capture both the detail of everyday lives during the Neolithic, and the flow of long-term transformations. This introduction asks how we are to combine all our expanding data, and at what scales we should interpret them. The challenges facing integrated and multi-scalar approaches are illustrated by a recent project on Linearbandkeramik (LBK) lifeways in central Europe, which united isotopic, osteological and archaeological analyses in an investigation of cultural diversity. The other chapters that follow are introduced. The chapter ends by looking to how we better integrate archaeological science, through a shared focus on debating what questions we should ask.

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