scholarly journals Hot-carriers in organic photovoltaics

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Palas Roy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Photovoltaics ◽  
Excess Energy ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Hot Carriers ◽  
Hot Carrier ◽  
Improve Efficiency ◽  
Coulombic Attraction ◽  
Carrier Escape

Abstract Photogenerated charge carriers in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) suffer relaxation and recombination losses. However, extracting these carriers at higher energy (‘Hot-carriers’) has been found to be effective to overcome such loss pathways and improve efficiency of OPVs. Excess energy and long delocalization length promotes hot-carrier escape from Coulombic attraction and dissociation into free charges. Here, I have reviewed the ways to generate hot-carriers and their extraction in organic backbones. In-depth understanding of their energetics and dynamics will help designing hot-carrier photovoltaics.

scholarly journals Fast non-ambipolar diffusion of charge carriers and the impact of traps and hot carriers on it in CsMAFA perovskite and GaAs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannu P. Pasanen ◽  
Maning Liu ◽  
Hermann Kahle ◽  
Paola Vivo ◽  
Nikolai V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Ambipolar Diffusion ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Hot Carriers ◽  
Hot Carrier ◽  
Metal Halide Perovskite ◽  
New Models ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
The Impact

The diffusion of charge carriers in metal halide perovskite was thoroughly investigated with a focus on the hot carriers and surface traps, producing new models for the hot carrier cooling, trap behaviour and even evidence of non-ambipolar diffusion.

Determining plasmonic hot-carrier energy distributions via single-molecule transport measurements

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. eabb3457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Reddy ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Zhaxylyk Kudyshev ◽  
Linxiao Zhu ◽  
Shen Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽  
Hot Carriers ◽  
Energy Distributions ◽  
Nanoscale Systems ◽  
Hot Carrier ◽  
Transport Measurements ◽  
Single Molecule Junctions ◽  
Molecule Transport ◽  
Carrier Energy

Hot-carriers in plasmonic nanostructures, generated via plasmon decay, play key roles in applications like photocatalysis and in photodetectors that circumvent band-gap limitations. However, direct experimental quantification of steady-state energy distributions of hot-carriers in nanostructures has so far been lacking. We present transport measurements from single-molecule junctions, created by trapping suitably chosen single molecules between an ultra-thin gold film supporting surface plasmon polaritons and a scanning probe tip, that can provide quantification of plasmonic hot-carrier distributions. Our results show that Landau damping is the dominant physical mechanism of hot-carrier generation in nanoscale systems with strong confinement. The technique developed in this work will enable quantification of plasmonic hot-carrier distributions in nanophotonic and plasmonic devices.

scholarly journals Hot carriers generated by plasmons: where are they generated and where do they go from there?

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 35-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob B. Khurgin
Keyword(s):  
Unified Theory ◽  
Hot Carriers ◽  
Carrier Generation ◽  
Hot Carrier

A physically transparent unified theory of optically- and plasmon-induced hot carrier generation in metals is developed with all of the relevant mechanisms included.

scholarly journals Organic photovoltaics without p–n junctions: a computational study of ferroelectric columnar molecular clusters

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (32) ◽  
pp. 20580-20587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej L. Sobolewski
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Organic Photovoltaics ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Molecular Clusters ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Network ◽  
Photovoltaic Effects ◽  
Bond Network

A ferroelectrically arranged intermolecular hydrogen bond network provides a force for splitting exciton into charge carriers and the generation of photovoltaic effects.

scholarly journals Directed Surface Plasmon Resonance for Hot Carrier Applications

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Gregory T. Forcherio ◽  
Jonathan Boltersdorf
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Hot Carriers ◽  
Plasmonic Materials ◽  
Hot Carrier

The Special Issue, entitled Directed Surface Plasmon Resonance for Hot Carrier Applications, is a collection of four original articles centered around harnessing energetically “hot” carriers in tailored plasmonic materials for emergent applications in energy harvesting and sensing [...]

FACTORS LIMITING THE MAXIMUM OPERATING VOLTAGE OF MICROWAVE DEVICES

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
ENRICO ZANONI ◽  
GAUDENZIO MENEGHESSO ◽  
ALDO DI CARLO ◽  
PAOLO LUGLI ◽  
LORENZO ROSSI
Keyword(s):  
Impact Ionization ◽  
High Electron Mobility Transistors ◽  
Microwave Devices ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Hot Carriers ◽  
Hot Carrier ◽  
Electron Mobility Transistors ◽  
State Breakdown ◽  
Pulsed Measurements

The operating voltage of advanced microwave devices is currently limited by impact-ionization and breakdown effects. An extended study of the effects of hot carriers on the breakdown behavior and reliability of GaAs-based and InP-based HEMTs (high electron mobility transistors) has been carried out by means of pulsed measurements, electroluminescence spectroscopy and microscopy and Monte Carlo simulations. We show that the parasitic bipolar effect, which explains kink effects in HEMTs, can also induce regenerative phenomena eventually leading to on-state breakdown. Results concerning the effects of hot carrier aging on GaAs-based and InP-based HEMTs are summarized.

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