What can women’s networks do to close the gender gap in STEM?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Women In Stem ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Women's Networks

Abstract Despite the efforts of the Korean government to implement gender mainstreaming in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), the gender gap remains intact. The low rank of Gender Gap Indices (GGI) of Korea is mainly due to the low economic participation of women, especially in STEM. However, Korea has been steadily advancing in terms of government policies for women in STEM. The enactment of the law on fostering and supporting women in science and technology in 2002 is attributed to the collective efforts of women scientists and engineers through a women in STEM organization. The next task for women’s networks would be to identify the barriers of gender disparities by gathering the voices of women in STEM.

scholarly journals Socio-cultural developments of women in science

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Mamlok-Naaman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Family Demands ◽  
And Mathematics

Abstract Women have not been represented enough in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines in most countries around the world, despite their advancements in these areas. Unfortunately, they continue to represent only a small proportion of faculty members in science and technology fields, especially at more prestigious research institutions. Women still need to cope with discrimination, with an unconscious bias, as well as with family demands. According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, fewer than 30 % researchers from all over the world are women. Analysis of “A Global Approach to the Gender Gap in Mathematical, Computing, and Natural Sciences, How to measure it? How to reduce it?” survey advanced our understanding of this phenomenon and identified various factors that cause it. The recommendations address a variety of groups: instructors and parents of girls in primary, secondary, and higher education, educational organizations, scientific unions. and other worldwide organizations. This paper will describe the situation of women scientists in Israel, with examples of chemistry women in the academia.

scholarly journals Empowerment of women in Science: Myth or Reality

Bionatura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hortensia M. Rodríguez Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Professional Environment ◽  
And Mathematics

Recent history shows that nothing has been given to women. Every step taken in the way of the tireless task of achieving than what is fair has been synonymous of strikes, mobilization and daring, in addition to countless repressive demonstrations against the pioneers in the development of labor and social policies for the workers. Latest studies show that while political equality could be achieved in just over a century, projections for women economic empowerment, from salaries to financial control over assets, are two centuries. 1 However, what about women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)? Taking into account that it is precisely in this area where future jobs and sustainable growth appear to be found, the search for solutions to the gender gap in STEM is more relevant. Although in recent years the participation of women in the scientific-technological professional environment has increased, there is still an under-representation. We have been the great ones forgotten or omitted, but women have also had, we have, and we will have much to say in terms of science.

Women in science: from images to data

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Jami
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Standing Committee ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Abstract In recent decades research in the social sciences, including in the history of science, has shown that women scientists continue to be depicted as exceptions to the rule that a normal scientist is a man. The underlying message is that being an outstanding scientist is incompatible with being an ordinary woman. From women scientists’ reported experiences, we learn that family responsibilities as well as sexism in their working environment are two major hindrances to their careers. This experience is now backed by statistical analysis, so that what used to be regarded as an individual problem for each woman of science can now be identified as a multi-layered social phenomenon, to be analysed and remedied as such. Over the last five years, international scientific unions have come together to address these issues, first through the Gender Gap in Science Project, and recently through the setting up of a Standing Committee for Gender Equality in Science (SCGES) whose task is to foster measures to reduce the barriers that women scientists have to surmount in their working lives.

Will We Ever Close the Gender Gap Among Top Mathematics Achievers? Analysis of Recent Trends by Race in Advanced Placement (AP) Exams

2021 ◽  
pp. 016235322110445
Author(s):  
A. Kadir Bahar
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Placement ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Ap Calculus ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
And Mathematics

Analyzing the test scores of more than 10,000,000 students who participated in the Advanced Placement (AP) math exams from 1997 to 2019, this study examined the direction and magnitude of the trend in gender disparity by race in participation in and top achievement on AP Calculus AB, Calculus BC, and Statistics exams. The results of this study indicated that, in general, females’ representation in all three AP exams increased significantly. Although the findings indicated that the female-to-male ratios (FMRs) in participation in the AP math exams increased significantly from 1997 to 2019 and favored females for all races, the gender disparities among top achievers for all math exams are still substantial. The relationships between the FMRs in participation and top achievement for all AP math exams were also analyzed within races, and the possible impacts of these findings within the context of the underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields were also discussed.

Women in science: the need for a global cultural change

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S367) ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Karen Hallberg
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Cultural Aspect ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Cultural Maturity ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis paper summarizes the talk given at this conference in which the cultural aspect of the low participation of women in science, mainly in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) areas, is emphazised. A few personal recollections will be presented and some some striking numbers to illustrate the current situation will be given. In addition, some thought provoking ideas on what is known as “neurosexism” are explicited and a tribute is made to three women that overcame the challenges posed to them in different times in history (including current times) and helped paved the way to the new generation. However, there is still a long way to go. The inclusion of women and of other relegated sectors of society in scientific and technological activities is an important pending issue which will be achieved when our society as a whole reaches the necessary cultural maturity.

Engendering the Field of STEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-233
Author(s):  
Roshan Ara
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Current State ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Taboos ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Women Participation

The participation of women in STEM disciplines has remained quite dismal. Only 35% of scientists in the world are women, with a gender gap in STEM at 55%. Various socio-cultural taboos, gender stereotypes, lack of awareness of parents, and a patriarchal mindset of the society have divided the domains of STEM knowledge according to gender. It is imperative to mainstream gender at all policy making levels and embrace woman governance in the field of STEM. Reducing the gender gap in STEM will help in reducing gender gap in skills, increase employability and productivity of women, and be a tool for reducing occupational segregation which in turn will lead to faster economic growth. Concerted efforts are needed to boost the confidence of girls and hone their talent in the field. The chapter aims at examining the current state of women participation in STEM, assessing the gender gap existing in the field, identifying the reasons responsible for the least participation of women in science and technology, and working out the ways and means for engendering the field of STEM.

scholarly journals JEM women in STEM: Unique journeys with a common purpose

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne O’Garra ◽  
Yasmine Belkaid ◽  
Arlene Sharpe ◽  
Susan Kaech ◽  
Sara Cherry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Women In Stem ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Common Purpose

Before one can think of the challenges that face women in science and the hurdles that impair their development into leadership positions, it is worth considering the diversity within the collective of women scientists at the level of culture and past experience and life events.

Women in STEM/SET: gender gap research review of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) – a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Patterson ◽  
Damodharan Sowmya Varadarajan ◽  
Beena Saji Salim
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Women In Stem ◽  
Stem Careers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conduct a meta-analysis of existing research on gender discrimination/gender gap and women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) in the UAE, specifically, and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in general because of very limited number of articles published on the subject. It will give future researchers insights into the topics, methodologies and findings of such research from 1999–2019. Design/methodology/approach This study conducts a meta-analysis of 72 articles using the Wildcard operator search method and the Boolean operator to perform an integrative literature search related to gender discrimination studies done in relationship to or specific to the UAE. Findings In total, 88 papers related to the UAE and gender gap and women were identified. The articles were narrowed down to the ones published in high-ranked or Scopus journals (72). The findings suggest a decreasing trend in gender discrimination, but the issue still persists, requiring efforts from policy-makers, society and government to ensure gender parity is achieved. Academic research on women in STEM/SET workplace, specific to the UAE and the region, continue to slowly advance, with very few articles published in the same. Practical implications The study provides insights into gender gap research done in the past ten years specific to the UAE national women and gender gap in general and their career choices and prospects in the STEM/SET domain. Social implications There is a need to focus research on Emirati women in STEM careers to develop more insights into gender gap perceptions of Emirati women and identify challenges and methods to close the gender gap in STEM careers. Originality/value This paper brings a holistic perspective to the meta-analysis of research on the gender gap and women in the UAE’s STEM domain.

scholarly journals Mulheres na ciência: um estudo da presença feminina no contexto internacional

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa Martins da Conceição ◽  
Maria Do Rocio Fontoura Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
International Context ◽  
International Scope ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Gender In Science

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta um levantamento do estado da arte da presença das mulheres na ciência e tem como objetivo resgatar suas participações no âmbito internacional, durante o período de 2007 a 2017. O estudo usou como metodologia artigos em formato digital, que puderam ser recuperados via internet, e livros eletrônicos e impressos. Foram utilizadas como expressões de busca “mulheres na ciência”, “mulher e ciência”, “mulheres cientistas”, “gênero e ciência”, “woman and science”; “women scientist”; “gender in science”, “femme et sciencia”, “mujeres y ciência”, “mujeres cientistas” e “genre y ciência”. Como fonte de coleta, foram utilizados dados das Bases Scopus, Jstor, Persée, Scielo, Scielo Livros e ProQuest Ebook Central. A partir do contexto histórico do tema, das leituras e análises realizadas, é possível afirmar que, apesar dos avanços do acesso à educação, da inserção das mulheres no espaço público e na ciência, os estudos ainda comprovam que - a despeito da crescente visibilidade do gênero feminino na ciência em algumas áreas, como a das ciências duras -, há uma forte resistência e luta para a conquista do espaço das mulheres na carreira científica.Palavras-Chave: Mulheres na ciência. Mulheres cientistas. Gênero na ciência. Estado da arte.  WOMEN IN SCIENCE: A STUDY OF WOMEN'S PRESENCE IN THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT Abstract: This article consists of the state of the art of women in science and aims to recover the presence and participation of women in the international scope during the period from 2007 to 2017. From the historical context of the theme, from the readings and analyzes carried out, it is possible affirm that, despite advances in access to education, women's inclusion in public space and science, studies still prove that - despite the increasing visibility of women in science in some areas, such as hard sciences - there is a strong resistance and struggle for the conquest of women's space in scientific careers.Keywords: Women in science. Women scientists. Gender in science. State of art. 

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