scholarly journals U.S. States’ fiscal constraints and effects on budget policies

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-113
Author(s):  
Mario Iannella
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
The Other ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Major Category ◽  
Fiscal Constraints ◽  
General Part ◽  
The U.S ◽  
The Way

Abstract The article looks at fiscal constraints adopted by the U.S. States. It questions the ability of those rules to determine sound budgetary policies. To assess this point it analyses, in the general part, the major kind of constraints so far adopted. Of each major category the focus is upon institutional weaknesses that create the room for the adoption of circumventing practices. The following section focuses instead on three case studies, to show examples of the way in which the constraints influenced policy-making without mining the ability of government to adopt unbalanced budgetary policies. The weaknesses are combined with the adoption of a deferential approach by the Courts that generally legitimized the accounting devices adopted by the States. The outcome is a system in which budget policies are influenced by several factors that go beyond the institutional framework. On the other side, legal boundaries create distortions and unwanted effects in policies implemented by the States.

scholarly journals The Other Side of the Story: Greenhouse and Nursery Producers’ Perceptions about Neonicotinoid Insecticides and Pollinator Friendly Labeling

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Hayk Khachatryan ◽  
Xuan Wei ◽  
Alicia Rihn
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
The U.S

The purpose of this report is to summarize ornamental plant producers’ perceptions about neonicotinoid labeling and anticipated changes in production practices due to neonicotinoids labeling policy intervention. The target audience is industry, state agency, and public stakeholders involved in decisions and policy making related to the use of neonicotinoid insecticides in the U.S. ornamental plants industry.

scholarly journals A Paradox in Polarization? Cross-pressured Representatives and the Missing Incentive to Moderate

World Affairs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-96
Author(s):  
Benjamin T. Toll
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The U.S ◽  
The Way

Members of the public are often left choosing between two extreme candidates who will not represent the moderate, aggregate, public effectively. Cross-pressured members of the U.S. Congress serve a constituency that votes for the opposite party at the national level. If there is any group of representatives that have an incentive to moderate their voting behavior, it is cross-pressured members. In this article, I show that cross-pressured members are more moderate than the average member of their party. This could provide constraints on rampant partisanship in the form of districts that are comfortable electing a representative of one party and voting for the president of the other. However, I show that these members are significantly less likely to be reelected. Thus a paradox exists in which cross-pressured members who moderate their voting behavior are no more likely to be rewarded for behaving the way citizens claim they want to represent.

Relatives of Persons Suffering from Dementia: Differences in the Burden

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia S. H. Duijnstee
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Care Giver ◽  
The People ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACTPartners and children play a key role in home care for persons suffering from dementia. When we compare the burdens placed on these relatives, we find large differences. On the one hand, these result from actual differences in the care situation. On the other, they arise from the differences in the way the people involved experience more or less comparable circumstances. To determine the sources of the differences in the burden on the relatives, a distinction was made between objective and subjective care-giver burden. Qualitative research, therefore, aimed to provide an understanding of the personal interpretation by the people involved. This was realised in about 40 case studies involving relatives.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Kutz
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Social World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Critical Engagement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Way

Based on two case studies, one of accusation of incest in the Trobriand Islands, the other of suspicion of theft in the Bronx, the prologue questions the foundational relationship between crime and punishment. Fassin’s approach to the social world—not as it ought to be but as it actually is—opens the way to a critical engagement with moral philosophy and legal theory. It is all the more necessary since contemporary societies are going through an unprecedented punitive moment.

Revenue Chokepoints

Chokepoints ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Tusikov
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Market Share ◽  
The Other ◽  
Counterfeit Goods ◽  
Regulatory Behavior ◽  
Payment Services ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Online Piracy

The chapter examines how payment providers (PayPal, Visa and MasterCard) and advertising intermediaries (Google, Yahoo and Microsoft) police websites selling or advertising counterfeit goods through non-legally binding agreements. These agreements essentially institute controversial provisions from the failed Stop Online Piracy Act. Payment and advertising intermediaries withdraw their services from websites selling counterfeit goods (termed ‘infringing websites’), thereby throttling the sites’ revenue. Major payment providers are especially powerful regulators as they can starve sites of revenue by terminating their payment services, which can be difficult to replace given the significant market share controlled by Visa, MasterCard, and PayPal. Macro-intermediaries’ latitude in designating certain content or behavior as ‘inappropriate’ for their platforms raises serious questions about unfair regulatory behavior that may inadvertently – or, more troublingly, deliberating – target lawfully operating sites. The chapter’s case studies examine a U.S. payment-termination program and programs (one in the U.S. and the other in the U.K.) to terminate digital advertising services to infringing sites.

scholarly journals Re-Envisioning the Artist Hero Through Two Cole Porter Biopics

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Johnston
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Great Success ◽  
World War ◽  
Hollywood Film ◽  
Night And Day ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Songwriter Cole Porter is unusual in having had two biopics based on his life: Night and Day (1946) starring Cary Grant, and De-Lovely (2004), starring Kevin Kline. The differences in the treatment of the character of Cole Porter between the films are striking, and indicate a change in the way that society envisions its artists, and the very act of creativity. Night and Day was conceived partly as a showcase of Porter's songs, but also as a means of providing inspiration to soldiers returning wounded from World War II, based on Porter's recovery from a traumatic riding accident. It depicts Porter as an everyman following a trajectory of achievement, from having little to great success, which was positioned as easy to emulate. De-Lovely, on the other hand, is about the relationship between Porter and his wife Linda, and the way that his creativity was influenced by his changing relationships with various people. Drawing on the work on biopics of scholars such as G.F.Custen, together with research into the shifting ideas of how creativity operates and is popularly understood, this article uses these biopics as case studies to examine the representation of changing concepts of the artist and the act of creativity through Hollywood film. It also considers how these changing conceptions and representations connect to shifts in American society.

Constitutional Influences on State and Territory Lawmaking: An Empirical Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-258
Author(s):  
Anna Olijnyk ◽  
Gabrielle Appleby
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Normative Model ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Constitutional Deliberation ◽  
The Way

This article focuses on an under-studied aspect of the constraints emerging from ch III of the Australian Constitution: the effect of those constraints on law- and policy-making within the executive. Drawing on interviews with key actors in state and territory lawmaking, this article uses three case studies to examine the way in which ch III constraints have influenced the development of law and policy. The actions of governments in each case study are evaluated against a normative model of constitutional deliberation by the executive. The article concludes by identifying the legal, political and personal factors that influence the way in which state and territory executives engage with constitutional issues.

Introduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-128
Author(s):  
Nile Green
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Cross Fertilization ◽  
The U.S ◽  
The Way

Compared to its neighboring countries, Afghanistan remains something of a blank on the historiographical map. Falling between Middle Eastern, South Asian, and Central Asian fields of expertise, it is in many respects the last great unclaimed territory of historical studies, not so much competed over as ignored by scholars trained in these areas. Despite a rich burst of scholarship in the 1960s, and the efforts of a small but distinguished cadre of scholars since then, Afghan history has neither truly developed as a historical field in its own right nor been successfully absorbed into the study of any of its adjacent regions. This is not to deny that Afghanistan has received some expert (and inexpert) attention since the U.S.-led intervention in late 2001: several important analytical works stand out among the shelves of other, more or less hastily written, books of the past decade. But anthropologists and political scientists have led the way; historians’ interventions in this burgeoning literature have been few. Of the three most significant books on Afghan history published since 2001, two deal with Afghanistan in relation to colonial India, and the other is a survey work written by an anthropologist (albeit benefiting from the analytical cross-fertilization).

Composing Music: Case Studies in the Teaching and Learning Process

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bunting
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
The Other ◽  
Musical Ability ◽  
New Models ◽  
The Way

This article studies the compositions of two 15–16 year olds over a period of 12 months: following a similar study by the same author in BJME (1987) 4.1. Identifying traits common to the work discussed in both articles, the author points the way towards some new models for assessing pupils' progress: one of composing as a design process, the other describing musical ability as a style of thinking rather than a set of technical skills.

scholarly journals Introduction and Comments

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-234
Author(s):  
James Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Way

We open this issue with a vigorous exchange on a matter that, to put it mildly, is politically fraught. In a series of provocative publications beginning in 2006, John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt address what they call “the Israel Lobby” and detail what they see as the dire consequences that that lobby has generated for American foreign policy making. In our lead essay here, Robert Lieberman challenges Walt and Mearsheimer in precisely the way I think debate on their thesis needs to proceed. Lieberman focuses on the causal claims Walt and Mearsheimer advance, the evidence they adduce for those claims, and the ways that their arguments fit with established research on how American politics operates. Mearsheimer and Walt have written a spirited response to Lieberman who, in turn, offers a brief reply. It is safe to say that neither party to this exchange has persuaded the other. Yet, though their exchange is frank, both Lieberman and Mearsheimer and Walt keep their eye on the ball—they are concerned to establish whether and to what extent the Israel lobby exists and operates in the way Mearsheimer and Walt claim it does.

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