scholarly journals Improvement in Accuracy of Determining a Vessel’s Position with the Use of Neural Networks Ana Robust M-Estimation

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Czaplewski ◽  
Mariusz Wąż
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Satellite Positioning ◽  
M Estimation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Navigation Equipment

Abstract In the 21st century marine navigation has become dominated by satellite positioning systems and automated navigational processes. Today, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) play a central role in the process of carrying out basic navigational tasks, e.g. determining the coordinates of a vessel’s position at sea. Since satellite systems are being used increasingly more often in everyday life, the signals they send are becoming more and more prone to jamming. Therefore there is a need to search for other positioning systems and methods that would be as accurate and fast as the existing satellite systems. On the other hand, the automation process makes it possible to conduct navigational tasks more quickly. Due to the development of this technology, all kinds of navigation equipment can be used in the process of automating navigation. This also applies to marine radars, which are characterised by a relatively high accuracy that allows them to replace satellite systems in performing classic navigational tasks. By employing M-estimation methods that are used in geodesy as well as simple neural networks, a software package can be created that will aid in automating navigation and will provide highly accurate information about a given object’s position at sea by making use of radar in comparative navigation. This paper presents proposals for automating the process of determining a vessel’s position at sea by using comparative navigation methods that are based on simple neural networks and geodetic M-estimation methods.

scholarly journals Survey Of GNSS Coordinates Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Martina Szabova ◽  
Frantisek Duchon
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Local Coordinate System ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Satellite Positioning ◽  
Cadastral Surveying ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The use of satellite positioning systems to determine position in reference frame can introduce serious practical difficulties. The problem can be in the fields of navigation, map revision or cadastral surveying. It arises because in local area the local coordinate system were used. The problem can be solved by transformation between coordinates frame. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) don’t use same reference frame and it is important to know transformation between this systems. This paper works with information of many international organizations and their documents. It contains information about reference coordinate system of GNSS, information about local coordinates system used in North America, UK, and Europe.

scholarly journals A Terrestrial Reference Frame (TRF), coordinates and velocities for South American stations: contributions to Central Andes geodynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Mackern ◽  
M. L. Mateo ◽  
A. M. Robin ◽  
A. V. Calori
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
South American ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Satellite Positioning ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Abstract. Satellite positioning systems allow the fixing of the location of a point on the Earth's surface with very good precision and accuracy. To do this, however, it is necessary to determine the point coordinates taking account the reference system and the movements that affect them because of tectonic plate movements. These reference systems are materialized by a significant number of continuous measurement stations in South America. In SIRGAS (Sistema de Referencia Geocéntrico para las Américas), there are four Analysis Centers that process the data collected from satellites of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), with the primary purpose to maintain the international terrestrial reference frame through calculation of the coordinates and velocities of the continuous GNSS stations of the SIRGAS-CON Network. In this work, we demonstrate the quality of the solutions from CIMA, one of the SIRGAS official processing centers operating in Mendoza, Argentina, in comparison with other South American processing centers. The importance of precise calculations of coordinates and velocities in a global frame is also shown. Finally, we give estimations of velocities from stations located within deformation zones in the Central Andes.

Research on Accuracy of a Boat Position Determination Using GNSS Techniques in Kinematic Mode

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Siejka
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Floating Platform ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Depth Measurement ◽  
Satellite Positioning ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Hydroacoustic Survey

The main aim of this work is research on the use of satellite positioning GNSS – RTK / RTN techniques to estimate the trajectory of a hydrographic boat. Modern hydrographic boat is the carrier of advanced bathymetry system, integral with GNSS positioning techniques. The key elements of the correct execution of the hydroacoustic survey are two elements: the height of the water surface and precise determination of the position in the moment of performing depth measurement. Integrated Bathymetric System (ZSB) is installed on a floating platform which is in constant motion. To obtain correct results of the hydroacoustic survey, it is necessary to know the precise (3D) position of the platform. In this paper the author presented his own research on the precise determination of accurate and reliable trajectory of a boat. The proposed method uses Real Time Kinematic (RTK) techniques of satellite positioning GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems). The article presents examples of the results obtained during the research work at the largest Polish river.

Influence of GNSS Receivers on GPR Results

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389
Author(s):  
Dariusz Tanajewski ◽  
Dariusz Popielarczyk ◽  
Adam Ciecko
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Gnss Receiver ◽  
Satellite Positioning ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Even though satellite positioning has been used in ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements for years, there are no studies ruling out the influence of modern satellite positioning receivers on the operation of GPR antennas. In order to rule out mutual influence between devices, a field study was carried out to determine the possible influence of a Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receiver on the results obtained from GPR. To this end, several equipment combinations based on two receivers were compared. This was followed by a numerical analysis of selected samples from the recorded data sets. The following were calculated: average values of signal amplitudes, their standard deviations and the signal-to-noise ratio, coefficient of variation, and signal stability parameters. We also suggested using a modified standard deviation based on the properties of the reference signal. Based on the results, we concluded that there were rather significant changes between the data sets for various equipment combinations, which may indicate that a GNSS receiver affects GPR data in some way. However, the influence was not significant enough to result in the qualitative misinterpretation of data.

scholarly journals Applying Neural Networks in Aerial Vehicle Guidance to Simplify Navigation Systems

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Raúl de Celis ◽  
Pablo Solano ◽  
Luis Cadarso
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Space Vehicles ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Gravity Vector ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) of air and space vehicles has been one of the spearheads of research in the aerospace field in recent times. Using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and inertial navigation systems, accuracy may be detached from range. However, these sensor-based GNC systems may cause significant errors in determining attitude and position. These effects can be ameliorated using additional sensors, independent of cumulative errors. The quadrant photodetector semiactive laser is a good candidate for such a purpose. However, GNC systems’ development and construction costs are high. Reducing costs, while maintaining safety and accuracy standards, is key for development in aerospace engineering. Advanced algorithms for getting such standards while eliminating sensors are cornerstone. The development and application of machine learning techniques to GNC poses an innovative path for reducing complexity and costs. Here, a new nonlinear hybridization algorithm, which is based on neural networks, to estimate the gravity vector is presented. Using a neural network means that once it is trained, the physical-mathematical foundations of flight are not relevant; it is the network that returns dynamics to be fed to the GNC algorithm. The gravity vector, which can be accurately predicted, is used to determine vehicle attitude without calling for gyroscopes. Nonlinear simulations based on real flight dynamics are used to train the neural networks. Then, the approach is tested and simulated together with a GNC system. Monte Carlo analysis is conducted to determine performance when uncertainty arises. Simulation results prove that the performance of the presented approach is robust and precise in a six-degree-of-freedom simulation environment.

scholarly journals Positioning systems: GNSS

2020 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Constantino Valero Ubierna
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Satellite Constellations ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Dynamic Errors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

This topic will provide an overview of the technologies available for georeferencing machinery or any agricultural equipment on the Earth’s surface. Principles of GNSS (global navigation satellite systems) will be presented, along with current satellite constellations such as NAVSTAR GPS, GLONASS, Beidou, Galileo, etc. Error correction based on SBAS services and RTK technology. RTK networks. Definition of static and dynamic errors and accuracy.

scholarly journals Prospects of application of mass-produced GNSS modules for solving high-precision navigation tasks

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 08006
Author(s):  
Vladimir Karetnikov ◽  
Denis Milyakov ◽  
Andrei Prokhorenkov ◽  
Evgeniy Ol’khovik
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Navigation Equipment ◽  
Better Than

Nowadays, both in the Russian Federation and in foreign countries, the use of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) for solving various applied problems is an extremely popular solution. Taking into account the current level of development of satellite radio navigation systems, ordinary users have been able to determine their position with a sufficiently high accuracy. However, some tasks require the use of high-precision equipment of geodetic class. Such equipment allows obtaining navigation solutions with an accuracy of better than 10 cm. Unfortunately, the cost of navigation-class navigation equipment is extremely high. Specialists working in the field of satellite navigation are particularly interested in the possibility of using mass-produced GNSS modules to obtain high-precision navigation solutions. In this paper, the possibility of such an application will be considered, taking into account the results of laboratory tests of a mass-produced navigation module.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CAR COLLABORATIVE POSITIONING WITH UWB AND VISION

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B1-2021 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
A. Masiero ◽  
C. Toth ◽  
J. Gabela ◽  
G. Retscher
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Common People ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Consumer Devices

Abstract. During the last decades the role of positioning and navigation systems is drastically changed in the everyday life of common people, influencing people behavior even multiple times each day. One of the most common applications of this kind of systems is that of terrestrial vehicle navigation: the use of GPS in the automotive navigation sector started thirty years ago, and, nowadays, it commonly assists drivers in reaching most of their non-standard destinations. Despite the popularity of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), their usability is quite limited in certain working conditions, such as in urban canyons, in tunnels and indoors. While the latter case is typically not particularly interesting for the automotive sector, the first two scenarios represent important cases of interest for automotive navigation. In addition to the market request for increasing the usability of navigation systems on consumer devices, the recent increasing eagerness for autonomous driving is also attracting a lot of researchers’ attention on the development of alternative positioning systems, able to compensate for the unavailability or unreliability of GNSS. In accordance with the motivations mentioned above, this paper focuses on the development of a positioning system based on collaborative positioning between vehicles with UltraWide-Band devices and vision. To be more specific, this work focuses on assessing the performance of the developed system in successfully accomplishing three tasks, associated to different levels of gathered information: 1) assessing distance between vehicles, 2) determining the vehicle relative positions, 3) estimating the absolute car positions. The obtained results show that a) UWB can be reliably used (error of few decimeters error) to assess distances when vehicles are relatively close to each other (e.g. less than 40 m), b) the combination of UWB and vision allows to obtain good results in the computation of relative positions between vehicles, c) UWB-based collaborative positioning can be used for determining the absolute vehicle positions if a sufficient number of UWB range measurements can be ensured (sub-meter error for vehicles connected with a static UWB infrastructure, whereas error at meter level for those exploiting only vehicle-to-vehicle UWB communications).

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