Wasser- und ölabweisende Oberflächenschutzmassnahmen mit fluorierten Acrylaten auf Naturstein und Beton / Fluorinated Acrylics as an Alternative for Hydrophobie and Oleophobic Coating for Stone and Concrete

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-288
Author(s):  
A. Stempf ◽  
P. Muller ◽  
M. Pabon ◽  
J.M. Corpart
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Organic Solutions

Abstract Fluorinated acrylics are used as oil and water repellent finishes for papers, textiles and leather. Those polymers are available in different forms: water emulsions, aqueous solutions, organic solutions. It seemed to be interesting to test one of these products as an alternative for the impregnation of construction materials. In this paper, we study the efficiency of one specific fluorinated acrylic resin, presented in aqueous solution, produced by Elf-Atochem under the trade name ,,FORAPERLEx 321". Our work will describe the product and give some information about its effectiveness. It will be shown that water absorption decrease without change in permeability to water vapour of the treated samples. In order to have a better understanding of the capability of this product, some experiments have been made with a silicone-based product widely used.

scholarly journals Stabilization of the front at frontal copolymerization of acrylamide with sodium acrylate in aqueous solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Alena A. Salamevich ◽  
Yauheni V. Hryniuk ◽  
Leonid P. Krul
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Frontal Polymerization ◽  
Sodium Acrylate ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Initiator Concentration ◽  
Initial Reaction Mixture

The objects of research were the process of frontal copolymerization of acrylamide with sodium acrylate in aqueous solutions, as well as the copolymers and hydrogels thus obtained. It has been shown that the frontal polymerization of acrylamide with sodium acrylate in an aqueous solution of high molecular weight polyacrylamide helps to reduce the initiator concentration necessary for the process and the formation of non-crosslinked copolymers. The effect of the addition of aerosil in the initial reaction mixture on the parameters of the copolymerization process and on the properties of the products formed is studied. The values of water absorption and gel fractions of the obtained hydrogels were determined.

Testing New Water Repellent Solutions to Protect Deteriorated Granite

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
D. Costa ◽  
J. Delgado Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Nano Particle ◽  
Final Performance ◽  
Water Vapour Transfer ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Liquid Transfer ◽  
Drying Behaviour ◽  
Harmful Effects

Abstract The evaluation of nano-particle based products to protect granite surfaces from water absorption is presented. Wettability, water absorption, drying behaviour and water vapour transfer were considered as the most relevant parameters for this evaluation. The effect of the application methods on the final performance was also tested. The results allow to consider that nanostructured products may present some advantages when compared with conventional water repellent products, namely on some common relevant harmful effects, such as colour changes, water vapour or liquid transfer during drying, but their effectiveness as barriers against water absorption upon longer contact time may not be equally satisfactory.

scholarly journals Electromigration Separation of Lithium Isotopes: The Effect of Electrode Solutions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciming Wang ◽  
Pengrui Zhang ◽  
Chaochi Huang ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Huiqun Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Isotope Separation ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Lithium Isotope ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Lithium Isotopes ◽  
Electrode Solutions ◽  
Organic Solutions

Abstract Both lithium-6 and lithium-7 with high abundance are indispensable materials in nuclear industry. Here, an aqueous solution│organic solution│aqueous solution system was fabricated to separate lithium isotopes. The effects of species and concentration of electrolytes in the electrode solutions on the lithium ions migration and lithium isotope separation with different voltages and migration time was studied. It was found that lithium-7 was enriched in aqueous solutions on both sides at 0 V and 2 V, while lithium-7 was enriched in anode solution and lithium-6 was enriched in cathode solution at 16 V. The weakening stability of the chelate consisted of crown ether and lithium ion with increasing voltage was believed to the possible reason. Meanwhile, the variation of electrolyte in electrode solution led to notable changes in migration ratio of lithium ions and lithium isotope separation effect, which can be attributed to the different degree of both ionization and hydrolysis for various electrolytes in aqueous solutions and the different ability of H+ and NH4+ to replace Li+ of chelate in organic solutions. This work is of great significance for the selection of electrode solutions in electromigration separation of lithium isotopes and even other electrochemical systems.

Effect of thermal history of aqueous solutions of KCl on the metastable zone width

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Nývlt
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Equilibrium Solubility ◽  
Metastable Zone Width ◽  
Zone Width ◽  
Preceding Experiment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Metastable Zone ◽  
The Given

The metastable zone width of an aqueous solution of KCI was measured as a function of the time and temperature of overheating above the equilibrium solubility temperature. It has been found that when the experiments follow close upon one another, the parameters of the preceding experiment affect the results of the experiment to follow.The results are interpreted in terms of hypotheses advanced in the literature to account for the effect of thermal history of solution. The plausibility and applicability of these hypotheses are assessed for the given cause of aqueous solution of a well soluble electrolyte.

scholarly journals I. Thermo-electric behaviour of aqueous solutions with mercurial electrodes

1879 ◽  
Vol 29 (196-199) ◽  
pp. 472-482 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Thin Glass ◽  
Mercury Surface

In order to investigate this subject, I devised and constructed the following apparatus :—A and B are two thin glass basins, 81 millims. internal diameter (= 5,153 sq. millims. of mercury surface), and 6·0 centims. deep; each containing a layer of mercury about 1·0 centim. deep, covered by a layer, about 3 centims. deep, of the aqueous solution to be examined.

scholarly journals Meta-studtite stability in aqueous solutions. Impact of HCO3−, H2O2 and ionizing radiation on dissolution and speciation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyi Li ◽  
Zoltán Szabó ◽  
Mats Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Carbonate Complexes ◽  
C Nmr

Four different uranyl-(peroxide)-carbonate complexes were identified during studtite and meta-studtite dissolution in aqueous solution containing 10 mM HCO3− by 13C NMR.

scholarly journals Visualization of microwave near-field distribution in sodium chloride and glucose aqueous solutions by a thermo-elastic optical indicator microscope

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhirayr Baghdasaryan ◽  
Arsen Babajanyan ◽  
Levon Odabashyan ◽  
Jung-Ha Lee ◽  
Barry Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Biological Liquids ◽  
Optical Indicator ◽  
Distribution Intensity

AbstractIn this study, a new optical method is presented to determine the concentrations of NaCl and glucose aqueous solutions by using a thermo-elastic optical indicator microscope. By measuring the microwave near-field distribution intensity, concentration changes of NaCl and glucose aqueous solutions were detected in the 0–100 mg/ml range, when exposed to microwave irradiation at 12 GHz frequency. Microwave near-field distribution intensity decreased as the NaCl or glucose concentration increased due to the changes of the absorption properties of aqueous solution. This method provides a novel approach for monitoring NaCl and glucose in biological liquids by using a CCD sensor capable of visualizing NaCl and glucose concentrations without scanning.

Fabrication of monodisperse polypyrrole/SBA-15 composite for the selective removal of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Mengxin Liu ◽  
Ziqing Huang ◽  
Shixia Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Factors Affecting

Monodisperse polypyrrole/SBA-15 composite (PPy/SBA-15) was fabricated by in-situ polymerization and used for Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption from aqueous solution. PPy/SBA-15 was characterized by numerous approaches. Factors affecting the Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption process included...

Addition of Aliphatic and Aromatic Amines to Catechol in Aqueous Solution Under Oxidizing Conditions

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Manthey ◽  
SG Pyne ◽  
RJW Truscott
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Aliphatic Amines ◽  
Substitution Pattern ◽  
Vinylogous Amides ◽  
The Stability

The oxidation of catechol in the presence of two aliphatic and aromatic amines has been investigated. In aqueous solutions of pH 7.0 and 11.7, the substitution pattern of the adduct was dependent on the type of amine used. Aromatic amines produced 4,5-disubstituted o-quinones, whereas aliphatic amines gave either 2,4,5-trisubstituted or 2,4-disubstituted o-quinone adducts. A rationale based upon the stability of vinylogous amides is presented to account for the observed substitution pattern.

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