Technical-criminal means of installation and fixation of drunk- ness in field

The current state of road safety in Ukraine cannot meet the demands of society. Daily reports of the state of traffic offences with serious consequences call for adequate measures to prevent them. There are several reasons for such offences, but one of the most important is the driving of vehicles by persons under the influence of drugs or alcohol. That’s why the article is devoted to the study of separate aspects of functioning of different technical devices, which helps finding drunk and drug addicted people and are made not only in Ukraine, but also imported. Authors analyzed modern methods and ways to discover and identify particular concentration of alcohol in the human body. Likewise, modern opportunities to carry out testing of the person on its biological liquids, like blood, urine, saliva, sweat, tear fluid, and in the air person exhales were considered. The different types of sensors equipped with modern breathalyzers have been studied and analyzed. Attention is drawn to the need for regular checks on the quality and accuracy of such devices, as well as compliance with the algorithm provided for in the instructions for their calibration. Emphasis is placed on the expediency, taking into account the best practices of foreign analogues of the development of new domestic technical means of detection and quantification of the concentration of alcohol in the human body. The results of study which made showed the amount of problems, to which police can face during conduction driver examinations to determine the state of intoxication. Author’s suggestions and recommendations for improving the technical support of police officers in order to improve the process of establishing the facts of the driver in a state of intoxication in the field.

Theoretical Description for Omeprazole Cathodical Electrochemical Determination, Assisted by Omeprazole Electrochemical Determination, Assisted by the Composite Poly(1,2,4-triazole) – VO(OH)

In this work, we describe theoretically the possibility of omeprazole electrochemical determination, assisted by the composite containing vanadium oxyhydroxide as an active substance and the polymer of 1,2,4-triazolic derivative as a mediator. The omeprazole molecule undergoes a sulfoxide to sulfide reduction process over a trivalent vanadium compound. The vanadium oxyhydroxide, at its turn, may be oxidized to a tetravalent state, represented in two forms. The electroanalytical process behavior will be illustrated by a trivariate equation-set, analysis of which confirms the efficiency of the composite of poly (1,2,4-triazole) with VO(OH). Vanadium (III) oxyhydroxide may be efficiently used for omeprazole detection both in pharmaceutical formulations, food, and biological liquids.

Sessile drops in weightlessness: an ideal playground for challenging Young’s equation

Sessile drop creation in weightlessness is critical for designing scientific instruments for space applications and for manipulating organic or biological liquids, such as whole human blood or DNA drops. It requires perfect control of injection, spreading, and wetting; however, the simple act of creating a drop on a substrate is more complex than it appears. A new macroscopic model is derived to better understand this related behavior. We find that, for a given set of substrate, liquid, and surrounding gas properties, when the ratio of surface free energies to contact line free energy is on the macroscopic scale, the macroscopic contact angle can vary at static equilibrium over a broad volume range. It can increase or decrease against volume depending on the sign of this ratio up to an asymptotic value. Consequently, our model aims to explore configurations that challenge the faithful representativity of the classical Young’s equation and extends the present understanding of wetting.

Catheter-Related Sepsis by Candida pararugosa in an Adult Patient under Chemotherapy Regimen

Candida pararugosa is present in animals and humans in different organs and biological liquids, usually as a saprophyte. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with de novo stage IV metastatic lobular breast cancer, carrying a central venous catheter (port-a-cath) and bilateral stents for perirenal infiltration by malignancy. During chemotherapy regimen, a febrile episode occurred, along with a high level of serum glucan. The port-a-cath was removed after blood collection for culture, which gave isolation of Candida pararugosa strains. Given high glucan level and the patient’s frailty, empirical treatment with fluconazole was started with load-dose, 800 mg orally, at day 1 and, afterwards, with 400 mg daily for two weeks. The phenotype of susceptibility to antibiotics of the strain demonstrated lower minimal inhibitory concentration to fluconazole than that reported in the literature. The patient remained asymptomatic, and inflammation parameters showed normalization. Unfortunately, three weeks later, meningeal localization of cancer caused rapid deterioration and death.

Visualization of microwave near-field distribution in sodium chloride and glucose aqueous solutions by a thermo-elastic optical indicator microscope

In this study, a new optical method is presented to determine the concentrations of NaCl and glucose aqueous solutions by using a thermo-elastic optical indicator microscope. By measuring the microwave near-field distribution intensity, concentration changes of NaCl and glucose aqueous solutions were detected in the 0–100 mg/ml range, when exposed to microwave irradiation at 12 GHz frequency. Microwave near-field distribution intensity decreased as the NaCl or glucose concentration increased due to the changes of the absorption properties of aqueous solution. This method provides a novel approach for monitoring NaCl and glucose in biological liquids by using a CCD sensor capable of visualizing NaCl and glucose concentrations without scanning.

Risks of work with cytotoxic drugs

Background. Cytotoxic drugs (CTD) are widely used in medicine for the treatment of tumors and other diseases. According to the definition, CTD are the drugs, which are toxic for cells, that is, interrupt their replication or growth. Effects of CTD are not targeted, that’s why when they get into the organism, they can harm not only target cells, but any other cells, and not only the patient, but also the other people who contact with them, especially, the healthcare workers (HCW). Objective. To define the risks of work with CTD. Materials and methods. Analysis of the literature data on this topic. Results and discussion. In case of breaking the safety rules, HCW may contact CTD. They can be exposed via skin contact, inhalation of aerosols or swallowing of the particles of CTD, via needle injuries. Actions and procedures, which can be accompanied by the contact of HCW with CTD, include drug preparation and administration, handling of drug containers and waste materials, handling the biological liquids of CTD-treated patient, cleaning of the spills or items, polluted by biological liquids. Exposure to CTD can result in the abdominal pain, hair loss, vomiting, liver injury, nasal sores, contact dermatitis and allergic reactions, miscarriages and fetal malformations (in pregnant women), changes in total blood analysis, mutations appearance. It is not proven that long occupational exposure to CTD leads to cancer, despite it is known that the majority of CTD have genotoxic, cancerogenic and mutagenic effects. Tactics of risk minimization in work with CTD includes definition of risk groups (pregnant women, newbies), assessment of the potential harms of used drugs, written fixation and often reassessment of risk estimation, HCW education. The latter must include methods of CTD preparation, peculiarities of CTD usage and waste handling, correct usage of individual protective equipment (IPE) etc. CTD must be prepared exclusively by the HCW, who underwent the adequate training, and in the specialized settings (HEPA-filtered exhaust systems, negative pressure rooms, absorbing surface covers). IPE must include vinyl or nitrile gloves, waterproof long-sleeved robe or overall with elastic cuffs, goggles or face shield, respirator, shoe covers. Potentially polluted by CTD waste must be collected into the polypropylene or polyethylene bags with the appropriate labeling. Conclusions. 1. CTD may harm not only target cells, but also the other cells, and not only patients, but all the other exposed people. 2. CTD exposure may lead to the abdominal pain, hair loss, vomiting, contact dermatitis, miscarriages and fetal malformations, etc. 3. There is a spectrum of protective measures to protect HCW from CTD exposure (IPE, equipment of specialized working places for CTD solutions’ preparation, correct waste handling).

OpenFOAM Simulations of Late Stage Container Draining in Microgravity

In the reduced acceleration environment aboard orbiting spacecraft, capillary forces are often exploited to access and control the location and stability of fuels, propellants, coolants, and biological liquids in containers (tanks) for life support. To access the ‘far reaches’ of such tanks, the passive capillary pumping mechanism of interior corner networks can be employed to achieve high levels of draining. With knowledge of maximal corner drain rates, gas ingestion can be avoided and accurate drain transients predicted. In this paper, we benchmark a numerical method for the symmetric draining of capillary liquids in simple interior corners. The free surface is modeled through a volume of fluid (VOF) algorithm via interFoam, a native OpenFOAM solver. The simulations are compared with rare space experiments conducted on the International Space Station. The results are also buttressed by simplified analytical predictions where practicable. The fact that the numerical model does well in all cases is encouraging for further spacecraft tank draining applications of significantly increased geometric complexity and fluid inertia.