scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality of Residential Building Before and After Renovation

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Imrich Sánka ◽  
Veronika Földváry
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Air Exchange Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study investigates the impact of energy renovation on the indoor air quality of an apartment building during the heating season. The study was performed in one residential building before and after its renovation. An evaluation of the indoor air quality was performed using objective measurements and a subjective survey. The concentration of CO2 was measured in the bedrooms, and a sampling of the total volatile compounds (TVOC) was performed in the living rooms of the selected apartments. Higher concentrations of CO2 and TVOC were observed in the residential building after its renovation. The concentrations of CO2, and TVOC in some of the cases exceeded the recommended maximum limits, especially after implementing energy-saving measures on the building. The average air exchange rate was visibly higher before the renovation of the building. The current study indicates that large-scale renovations may reduce the quality of an indoor environment in many apartments, especially in the winter season.

scholarly journals Energy conservation by retrofitting of dwellings

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Imrich Sánka ◽  
Dušan Petráš
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Air Exchange Rate ◽  
Energy Auditing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the impact of energy renovation on the indoor environmental quality of apartment building during heating season. The study was performed in one residential building before and after its renovation. Energy auditing and classification of the selected building into energy classes were carried out. Additionally, evaluation of indoor air quality was performed using objective measurements and subjective survey. Thermal environment and concentration of CO2 was measured in bedrooms. Higher concentrations of CO2 was observed in the residential building after its renovation. The concentrations of CO2, in some cases exceeded the recommended maximum limits, especially after implementing of energy saving measures on the building. The average air exchange rate was visible higher before renovation of the building. The current study indicates that large-scale of renovations may reduce the quality of the indoor environment in many apartments, especially in the winter season.

Quantifying the impact of traffic-related air pollution on the indoor air quality of a naturally ventilated building

2016 ◽  
Vol 89-90 ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheming Tong ◽  
Yujiao Chen ◽  
Ali Malkawi ◽  
Gary Adamkiewicz ◽  
John D. Spengler
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality Intervention in Schools; Effectiveness of a Portable HEPA Filter Deployment in Five Schools Impacted by Roadway and Aircraft Pollution Sources

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Carmona ◽  
Edmund Seto ◽  
Timothy Gould ◽  
Jeffry H. Shirai ◽  
Lisa Hayward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Wildfire Smoke ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Study Team ◽  
Healthy Schools ◽  
The Impact

The Healthy Air, Healthy Schools Study was established in January 2020 to better understand the impact of ultrafine particles (UFP) on indoor air quality in communities surrounding Seattle-Tacoma (Sea-Tac) International Airport. The study team took multipollutant measurements indoor and outdoor air pollution at five participating school locations to infiltration indoors. The schools participating in this project were located within a 7-mile radius of Sea-Tac Airport and within 0.5 miles of an active flight path. Based on experimental measures in an unoccupied classroom, infiltration rates of a) Ultrafine particles of aircraft origin b) Ultrafine particles of traffic origin and c) Wildfire smoke or other outdoor pollutants were characterized before and after the introduction of a classroom based portable HEPA filter intervention. The portable HEPA cleaners were an effective short-term intervention to improve the air quality in classroom environments, reducing the ultrafine particles to approximately 1/10th of that measured outside. Before the HEPA filter deployment, approximately one-half of all outdoor UFPs were measured indoors. This study is unique in focusing on UFP in school settings and demonstrating through multivariate methods that the UFP measured in the classroom space is primarily of outdoor origin. Although existing research suggests that improvements to indoor air quality in homes can significantly improve asthma outcomes, further research is necessary to establish the benefit to student health and academic performance of improved air quality in schools.

Numerical and Experimental Analysis on Indoor Thermal Environment in Commercial Kitchen

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4435-4438
Author(s):  
Da Hua Jiang ◽  
Zhi Hua Wang ◽  
Fa En Shi ◽  
Ru Shan Ren
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Indoor Contaminants ◽  
The Impact

It is of great importance to study the impact of the cooking generated contaminants on the indoor air quality in the kitchen since cooking is regarded as the main source of indoor contaminants. This study aims investigate and analysis the indoor air quality of kitchen with using CFD numerical analysis method via the velocity, temperature, humidity CO2 concentration .It is concluded that The temperature distribution are large difference in the kitchen and the maximum value is up to 324K on the work area which near the cooking ,and the CO2 concentration which is close to the stove is 1420ppm,1370ppm, 1470ppm respectively, and it is more than the acceptance criteria (CO2<1000ppm) 42%,37% and 47% respectively. It is serious impact on the staff's physical health.

scholarly journals DALY indicator as an assessment tool for indoor air quality impact on human health

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Artificial Environment ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Impact

The quality of indoor environment is an extremely important issue, because people spend large parts of the day inside buildings. The quality of the indoor environment is largely dependent on the quality of indoor air. The parameters of the air we breathe affect our health and comfort of room use. Currently, when energy efficiency is a priority, it is difficult to maintain comfort and conditions appropriate for human health. The artificial environment in a room and related inadequate air quality cause many diseases, such as asthma, lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases, as well as poor well-being and reduced productivity. The Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) indicator means “loss of life corrected by disability” and is widely used by the World Health Organization to measure a disease burden on the population and identify the causes of a disease. The aim of the article is to present the structure of the DALY indicator and its suitability to assess the impact of indoor air quality on human health. The most frequent diseases caused by low quality of internal air were analysed based on statistical data. In addition, the possibilities of ventilation solutions have been presented, leading to the improvement of air quality in indoor environment.

scholarly journals Improving the Indoor Air Quality of Residential Buildings during Bushfire Smoke Events

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Priyadarsini Rajagopalan ◽  
Nigel Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Air Cleaners ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
The Impact

Exposure to bushfire smoke is associated with acute and chronic health effects such as respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Residential buildings are important places of refuge from bushfire smoke, however the air quality within these locations can become heavily polluted by smoke infiltration. Consequently, some residential buildings may offer limited protection from exposure to poor air quality, especially during extended smoke events. This paper evaluates the impact of bushfire smoke on indoor air quality within residential buildings and proposes strategies and guidance to reduce indoor levels of particulates and other pollutants. The paper explores the different monitoring techniques used to measure air pollutants and assesses the influence of the building envelope, filtration technologies, and portable air cleaners used to improve indoor air quality. The evaluation found that bushfire smoke can substantially increase the levels of pollutants within residential buildings. Notably, some studies reported indoor levels of PM2.5 of approximately 500µg/m3 during bushfire smoke events. Many Australian homes are very leaky (i.e., >15 ACH) compared to those in countries such as the USA. Strategies such as improving the building envelope will help reduce smoke infiltration, however even in airtight homes pollutant levels will eventually increase over time. Therefore, the appropriate design, selection, and operation of household ventilation systems that include particle filtration will be critical to reduce indoor exposures during prolonged smoke events. Future studies of bushfire smoke intrusion in residences could also focus on filtration technologies that can remove gaseous pollutants.

scholarly journals What do we know about indoor air quality of nurseries? A review of the literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442110098
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
D Mumovic ◽  
Samuel Stamp ◽  
Katherine Curran ◽  
Elizabeth Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
School Children ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Impact

Considering the alarming rise in the rate of asthma and respiratory diseases among school children, it is of great importance to investigate all probable causes. Outside of the home, children spend most of their time in school. Many studies have researched the indoor environmental quality of primary and secondary school buildings to determine the exposure of school children to indoor air pollution. However, studies of very young children in nurseries are scarce. Unlike at elementary schools or universities, children in nurseries are more vulnerable due to their physiology, inability to articulate discomfort and to adapt their behaviour to avoid exposures. This article reviews current studies on the indoor environment in nurseries. It summarizes air pollution levels and related environmental and behavioural factors in nurseries that have been reported in the literature. Additionally, exposure to indoor air pollution and related potential health outcomes are examined. This review concludes that indoor air pollution in nurseries often exceeds current guidelines, and designers and policymakers should be made aware of the impact on the health and wellbeing of children in nurseries. Proper interventions and guidelines should be considered to create a healthy indoor environment for nursery children. Practical application: Previous IAQ assessments have mainly focused on indoor temperatures and CO2 levels. Data on comprehensive monitoring (including PMs, NO2, O3 and other pollutants) of indoor air quality of nurseries are scarce. Particularly in the UK, studies about indoor air quality in nurseries have not been founded. This paper categorized relevant articles according to the focus of the study, to provide evidence to a better understanding of current indoor air quality in nursery environments.

The impact of design ventilation rates on the indoor air quality in residential buildings: An Italian case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1397-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Moschetti ◽  
Salvatore Carlucci
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Ventilation Rates ◽  
The Impact

The paper investigates the effects on building indoor air quality (IAQ) resulting from the choice of different design ventilation rates. A reference residential building was analysed by means of the multizone modelling software CONTAM, by monitoring the concentration of two pollutants: occupant-generated carbon dioxide (CO2) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) from indoor sources. A demand-controlled ventilation strategy based on building occupancy was implemented and users' presence schedules were defined. Specifically, the evolution of indoor pollutant concentrations was investigated when the design ventilation rates, recommended by two IAQ-related standards (the Italian UNI 10339 and the European EN 15251), were implemented through a mechanical ventilation system. Different results regarding the IAQ level were achieved accordingly to the dissimilar ventilation rates. After a statistical analysis on the distributions of CO2 and TVOC concentrations, EN 15251 outcomes showed overall better results of the analysed statistical metrics, i.e. prevalence, sensitivity and accuracy. Indeed, the EN 15251 design airflows led to indoor conditions that were more often classified either in the correct air quality class or in a higher class. Finally, a better alignment between the national and European IAQ standards is recommended, especially in terms of airflows, air quality classes and pollutant limit values.

scholarly journals Effects of Climatic Conditions, Season and Environmental Factors on CO2 Concentrations in Naturally Ventilated Primary Schools in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4139
Author(s):  
Muriel Diaz ◽  
Mario Cools ◽  
Maureen Trebilcock ◽  
Beatriz Piderit-Moreno ◽  
Shady Attia
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

Between the ages of 6 and 18, children spend between 30 and 42 h a week at school, mostly indoors, where indoor environmental quality is usually deficient and does not favor learning. The difficulty of delivering indoor air quality (IAQ) in learning facilities is related to high occupancy rates and low interaction levels with windows. In non-industrialized countries, as in the cases presented, most classrooms have no mechanical ventilation, due to energy poverty and lack of normative requirements. This fact heavily impacts the indoor air quality and students’ learning outcomes. The aim of the paper is to identify the factors that determine acceptable CO2 concentrations. Therefore, it studies air quality in free-running and naturally ventilated primary schools in Chile, aiming to identify the impact of contextual, occupant, and building design factors, using CO2 concentration as a proxy for IAQ. The monitoring of CO2, temperature, and humidity revealed that indoor air CO2 concentration is above 1400 ppm most of the time, with peaks of 5000 ppm during the day, especially in winter. The statistical analysis indicates that CO2 is dependent on climate, seasonality, and indoor temperature, while it is independent of outside temperature in heated classrooms. The odds of having acceptable concentrations of CO2 are bigger when indoor temperatures are high, and there is a need to ventilate for cooling.

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