Language and culture in comparative political theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Andrew Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Comparative Political Theory ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Core ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
Theory Comparison ◽  
The Status ◽  
Culture And Language

Abstract The essay explores an oblique perspective on language via the field of comparative political theory* (*hereafter CPT). The essay sketches briefly some of the conceptual architecture and genealogy of the comparative political theory enterprise and investigates more specifically the uses of the concepts of culture and language within the core arguments. The discussion distinguishes three rough categories of CPT and correlates these with understandings of language. The discussion then turns to certain problematic aspects of CPT concerned with the concepts of political theory, comparison within political studies and the concept of culture itself. The essay concludes on a critical and circumspect note on the status of CPT within contemporary understandings of political theory.

How Do the Sámi Culture and School Culture Converge — or Do They?

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pigga Keskitalo ◽  
Kaarina Määttä
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Classroom Culture ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mainstream Society

This article dissects instruction in the Norwegian Sámi School and its cultural sensitivity. The focus is on the classroom culture of Sámi education: how Sámi education is arranged in practice. The core of the research is intertwined with issues concerning the status, language, and culture of Indigenous people in education. The research was ethnographic and the research data consists of questionnaires (N = 108), teachers' (N = 15) interviews, and the researcher's field diaries. The research showed that the Sámi culture and school culture do not meet: the western school culture dominates teaching at the Sámi School and socialises the Sámi School into mainstream society. The Sámi people's conception of time, place, and information should be emphasised in the teaching arrangements.

scholarly journals The Construction and Promotion of the Theoretical System of Marxist Politics — Summary of Wang Huiyan's Political Thoughts

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Legal System ◽  
State Power ◽  
Chinese Politics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical System ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
Contemporary Chinese

Mr. Wang Huiyan is the leader of contemporary Chinese Marxist politics, and has made outstanding contributions to the Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese style formed by Chinese politics. Mr. Wang’s political thoughts have always been guided by Marxism, and China’s national conditions have always been the starting point for political studies. He creatively proposed the Marxist political theory system and principle curriculum system with state power as the core, and developed It has established important theories such as the construction of socialist democracy and legal system with Chinese characteristics. Mr. Wang's theoretical system of Marxist politics has been vigorously promoted by the academic circles and has made outstanding contributions to the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

scholarly journals Critical Pedagogy in a Māori-Medium Setting

Te Kaharoa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joni Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Critical Pedagogy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Authentic Self ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bilingual Classroom ◽  
Indigenous Worldview ◽  
Culture And Language ◽  
Indigenous Learners

Authentic self-determination for indigenous peoples within secondary schools means making legitimate and meaningful ‘space’ for an indigenous worldview which is reflected throughout the curriculum. A Māori-medium setting in a mainstream school provides the perfect background for this as it inherently challenges the status quo that perpetuates the language and culture of the subjugating dominant culture. It is argued here that through a collaborative approach that emphasizes critical pedagogy, indigenous learners can be given the opportunity to succeed on their own terms and through their own indigenous culture and language. The teachings of the critical pedagogues can be brought into a bilingual classroom to liberate the minds of our Māori students.

Introduction: Toward a Comparative Political Theory

1997 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Dallmayr
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Comparative Political Theory ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
Field Of Inquiry

This Special Issue is meant to inaugurate or help launch a field of inquiry which is either nonexistent or at most fledgling and embryonic in contemporary academia: the field of “comparative political theory” or “comparative political philosophy.” What is meant by these titles is an inquiry which, in a sustained fashion, reflects upon the status and meaning of political life no longer in a restricted geographical setting but in the global arena. The motivation behind this initiative is a transformation which profoundly shapes our waning century: the emergence of the “global village” involving the steadily intensifying interaction among previously (more or less) segregated civilizations or cultural zones. Although human lives everywhere are deeply affected today by the global forces of the market, technology, and the media, the implications of these changes have not yet fully penetrated into Western intellectual discourse. As practiced in most Western universities, the study of political theory or political philosophy revolves basically around the canon of Western political thought from Plato to Marx or Nietzsche—with occasional recent concessions to strands of feminism and multiculturalism as found in Western societies.

The “Legitimacy of Chinese Philosophy” Debate and the Global Extension of Disciplinary Knowledge

2019 ◽  
pp. 699-717
Author(s):  
Leigh K. Jenco
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Chinese Philosophy ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Disciplinary Knowledge ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Comparative Political Theory ◽  
Chinese Thought ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

This chapter argues that the ongoing debate about the “legitimacy of Chinese philosophy” (Zhongguo zhexue hefaxing) raises issues relevant to the globalization of knowledge. On its surface, the debate concerns whether Chinese thought can be meaningfully understood as “philosophy”; more generally, it asks how, in the very process of enabling their translation into presumably more “modern” languages of intellectual expression, the terms of a specific academic discipline shape and constrain the development of particular forms of knowledge. The debate reveals the power inequalities that underlie attempts to include culturally marginalized bodies of thought within established disciplines and suggests the range of alternatives that are silenced or forgotten when this “inclusion” takes place. Even contemporary invocations of “Chinese philosophy” are often unable to comprehend the stakes of the debate for many of its Chinese participants, who link the debate to enduring questions about the capacity of indigenous Chinese academic terms to compete successfully with Euro-American ones. These debates may illuminate questions currently motivating comparative political theory.

scholarly journals In the midst of theory and practice: a foreword

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hannes Peltonen ◽  
Knut Traisbach
Keyword(s):  
Social World ◽  
World Society ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Critical Engagement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status

Abstract This foreword frames the Symposium in two ways. It summarises the core themes running through the nine ‘meditations’ in The Status of Law in World Society. Moreover, it places these themes in the wider context of Kratochwil's critical engagement with how we pursue knowledge of and in the social world and translate this knowledge into action. Ultimately, also his pragmatic approach cannot escape the tensions between theory and practice. Instead, we are in the midst of both.

scholarly journals The natural duty of justice in non-ideal circumstances: On the moral demands of institution building and reform

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Valentini
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The State ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Institutional Agents ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
The Status

Principles of distributive justice bind macro-level institutional agents, like the state. But what does justice require in non-ideal circumstances, where institutional agents are unjust or do not exist in the first place? Many answer by invoking Rawls's natural duty ‘to further just arrangements not yet established’, treating it as a ‘normative bridge’ between institutional demands of distributive justice and individual responsibilities in non-ideal circumstances. I argue that this response strategy is unsuccessful. I show that the more unjust the status quo is due to non-compliance, the less demanding the natural duty of justice becomes. I conclude that, in non-ideal circumstances, the bulk of the normative work is done by another natural duty: that of beneficence. This conclusion has significant implications for how we conceptualize our political responsibilities in non-ideal circumstances, and cautions us against the tendency – common in contemporary political theory – to answer all high-stakes normative questions under the rubric of justice.

The Receding Animal: Theorizing Anxiety and Attachment in Psychoanalysis from Freud to Imre Hermann

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Marinelli ◽  
Andreas Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Oedipus Complex ◽  
Death Instinct ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Status ◽  
Animal Phobias ◽  
Indirect Observation ◽  
To Come ◽  
Wolf Man ◽  
Little Hans

ArgumentAnimals played an important role in the formation of psychoanalysis as a theoretical and therapeutic enterprise. They are at the core of texts such as Freud's famous case histories of Little Hans, the Rat Man, or the Wolf Man. The infantile anxiety triggered by animals provided the essential link between the psychology of individual neuroses and the ambivalent status of the “totem” animal in so-called primitive societies in Freud's attempt to construct an anthropological basis for the Oedipus complex in Totem and Taboo. In the following, we attempt to track the status of animals as objects of indirect observation as they appear in Freud's classical texts, and in later revisionist accounts such as Otto Rank's Trauma of Birth and Imre Hermann's work on the clinging instinct. In the 1920s and 1930s, the Freudian conception of patients' animal phobias is substantially revised within Hermann's original psychoanalytic theory of instincts which draws heavily upon ethological observations of primates. Although such a reformulation remains grounded in the idea of “archaic” animal models for human development, it allows to a certain extent to empiricize the speculative elements of Freud's later instinct theory (notably the death instinct) and to come to a more embodied account of psychoanalytic practice.

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