General Formulation of the (111,1̄11) Neutron Three Beam Case

1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1432-1435
Author(s):  
W. Treimer
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Plane ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A formalism developed in a previous paper [1] is now applied in a general way to the special three beam case (111, 1̄11). The restriction for the incoming wave to be located in the symmetry plane is abolished. The individual behavior of the dispersion surfaces and reflection curves are determined and discussed.

scholarly journals Wolves at the door? Factors influencing the individual behavior of wolves in relation to anthropogenic features

2020 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 108514 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carricondo-Sanchez ◽  
Barbara Zimmermann ◽  
Petter Wabakken ◽  
Ane Eriksen ◽  
Cyril Milleret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals Consistency and Heterogeneity of Individual Behavior under Uncertainty

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1921-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syngjoo Choi ◽  
Raymond Fisman ◽  
Douglas Gale ◽  
Shachar Kariv
Keyword(s):  
Utility Function ◽  
Portfolio Choice ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Study Behavior ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Good Interpretation

By using graphical representations of simple portfolio choice problems, we generate a very rich dataset to study behavior under uncertainty at the level of the individual subject. We test the data for consistency with the maximization hypothesis, and we estimate preferences using a two-parameter utility function based on Faruk Gul (1991). This specification provides a good interpretation of the data at the individual level and can account for the highly heterogeneous behaviors observed in the laboratory. The parameter estimates jointly describe attitudes toward risk and allow us to characterize the distribution of risk preferences in the population. (JEL D11, D14, D81, G11)

Rejoinder to Dykstra and Kousser

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Flanigan ◽  
Nancy H. Zingale
Keyword(s):  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Ecological Analysis ◽  
Ecological Patterns ◽  
Way Of Knowing ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Inherent Ambiguity

In our article “Alchemist’s Gold”, we tried to make three main points. First, a large number of models of individual behavior can fit observed ecological patterns, and these models entail different assumptions about the nature of the individual relationship within and across the ecological units. This topic has been most impressively developed by Gudmund Iversen (1981). Second, there is nothing in the ecological data or the various types of ecological analysis that informs the researcher about how to choose among the many dissimilar models. All the models are compatible with the ecological data, and we have no way of knowing whether a particular inference about individual behavior is quite accurate or extremely misleading. Because of the inherent ambiguity over the unobserved individual behavior within ecological units, we made a third point of recommending techniques for reducing the amount of uncertainty surrounding estimates.

scholarly journals Legal obligation as the legal value

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Tereziia Popovych
Keyword(s):  
Individual Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Legal Obligation ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The article describes some aspects of understanding legal values and legal obligations in modern legal science.To achieve the goal of the study, the author envisaged the performing such tasks as: clarifying the understanding of legal valuesand legal obligations used by legal science; proving the possibility of recognizing a legal obligation as a legal value; formulation of theconcept of legal obligation as a legal value.The author traces the interrelation between legal values and the legal order, emphasizing that without legal values, the rule of lawis ineffective, in turn, – legal values outside the legal order have no practical content.Based on this, the author proposes his own definition of the concept of legal values as ideal legal entities and principles that determinea person’s perception of the importance of law, assessment of phenomena occurring in society through law, form a certain modelof legal person’s behavior and are designed to ensure legal order and discipline in society.Given this understanding of legal values, as well as the position of modern legal science on the essence of legal obligation, theauthor defines the concept of legal obligation as a legal value: this is a legal prescription which is formulated by the state as necessaryto ensure law and order model of individual behavior, established in order to maintain the proper functioning of society as a collectivewhole and to ensure the interests of all its members, and fulfilled on the basis of the perception of certain behavior as fair and sociallyappropriate. The author’s approach to the justification of a legal obligation as a legal value is proposed due to the following factors: theperson’s perception of the relevant behavior as necessary, fair, socially acceptable, which expresses a socially significant benchmark;the formulation by the state through the legal norm the socially significant behavior; realization through such behavior the human socialnature as a part of the collective whole; the implementation of the principle of interdependence and complementarity of the rights andobligations of the individual.

All Things Considered: A Behavioral Approach to Appreciative Inquiry

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Kimberly K. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
No Value ◽  
Appreciative Inquiry ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Impact

Emotional intelligence scores depend on self-reporting, which can skew the impact determination. In this article, the author argues that this does not mean there is no value in these measures. All three determinants are important for a holistic view of the individual. Behavior, though, can be measured emprically. The principles of applied behavior can be integrated with the principles of AI and help provide a foundation to the performance indicators and inquiry efficacy without changing the spirit of an inquiry.

KINETIC PHASE TRANSITION IN HONEYBEE FORAGING DYNAMICS: SYNERGY OF INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 2050019
Author(s):  
VALERY TERESHKO
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Collective Mode ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Collective Modes ◽  
Complex Phase ◽  
Nectar Sources ◽  
Honeybee Colony ◽  
Collective Foraging ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Kinetic Phase Transition

We consider a honeybee colony as a dynamical system gathering information from an environment and accordingly adjusting its behavior. Collective foraging behavior is shown to be triggered by the change of either colony size or profitability of exploited nectar sources. The collective mode provides greater productivity compared to the individual one. The latter does not diminish the importance of individual behavior that ensures the adaptivity of the system. Thus, the transition from the phase of individual behavior to a more complex phase, combining both individual and collective modes, provides the most effective scenario of honeybee colony foraging.

The Impact of Contingency Fees on Collective Antitrust Actions: Experiments from Lithuania and Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 368-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Žygimantas Juška
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Group Actions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Contingency Fees ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Contingency-fee agreements are one—if not the only—tool that can be used to ensure that small-stakes collective antitrust actions are heard, yet they are subject to strong resistance from the European Union. There is a concern that contingency fees could lead to abuses of the system or conflicts of interest, as has been seen in the United States. Contrary to eu policy, two proactive member states—Lithuania and Poland—have introduced the possibility of using contingency fees in group litigation in order to facilitate group actions. Despite having a lot of potential, this paper will demonstrate that the introduction alone of contingency fees will not facilitate the compensation objective that is embedded in the Directive on damages actions. In addition, it will show that the safeguard policy against frivolous litigation is sufficient to limit the possibilities for litigation abuses, but it is ineffective for monitoring the individual behavior of group representatives.

Conventional Plasticity Constitutive Model for Shape Memory Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 469-473
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Li ◽  
Xiang He Peng
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Effect ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Numerical Algorithm ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The Individual

A two-phase constitutive model for shape memory alloys (SMAs) is proposed based on the fact that SMAs is dynamically composed of austenite and martensite. The behavior of SMAs is regarded as the dynamic combination of the individual behavior of each phase. This model can describe the main characteristics of SMAs, such as pseudoelasticity and shape memory effect. The corresponding numerical algorithm was also developed to describe the main features of shape memory alloy Au-47.5at.%Cd.

scholarly journals TRIPLE PSYCHO-ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORTS FOR CHANGE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Indriastuti ◽  
Olivia Fachrunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Values ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Commitment To Change ◽  
Organizational Supports ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Commitment

Abstract: In this ever-changing era, organizations are required to be able to answer new challenges that will emerge such as globalization, rapid flow of information and rapid technological developments, resulting in increasing demand for quality employees. This forced the organization to be able to manage existing human resources properly and effectively in order to be able to keep up with the flow of change. Therefore, every organization will try to increase the commitment of its employees, especially the commitment to change. Employees are required to have a high commitment in dealing with change and have behaviors that support change, so that they are in accordance with the changing times and demands of the community, so that the organization can still exist and not be abandoned by its users. This study aims to develop a model to find out how to encourage individual behavior support to change by increasing individual commitment to change within an organization. Change oriented leadership, employee adaptability and the internalization of organizational values which we termed as three psycho-organizational supports are indicated as important antecedents to commitment to change, which in turn will encourage individual behavior to support to change. Research Methods: Data was collected from 116 respondents as employees in Statistical Bureau Province, Indonesia. The analytical method uses SEM (Structural Equational Modeling) to test the hypotheses. Sobel Test is used to test the effect of mediating variables in the model. Finding: Behavior to support change is strongly influenced by individual commitment to change, the higher the individual's commitment to change, the more they will encourage the individual to have behaviors that support change. While individual commitment to change is influenced by several factors such as change-oriented leadership, employee adaptability and organizational values. These three factors have a positive and significant influence on individual commitment to change. Keywords: Change-oriented leadership; employee adaptability; organizational values; commitment to change; behavior to support to change.

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