KINETIC PHASE TRANSITION IN HONEYBEE FORAGING DYNAMICS: SYNERGY OF INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 2050019
Author(s):  
VALERY TERESHKO
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Collective Mode ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Collective Modes ◽  
Complex Phase ◽  
Nectar Sources ◽  
Honeybee Colony ◽  
Collective Foraging ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Kinetic Phase Transition

We consider a honeybee colony as a dynamical system gathering information from an environment and accordingly adjusting its behavior. Collective foraging behavior is shown to be triggered by the change of either colony size or profitability of exploited nectar sources. The collective mode provides greater productivity compared to the individual one. The latter does not diminish the importance of individual behavior that ensures the adaptivity of the system. Thus, the transition from the phase of individual behavior to a more complex phase, combining both individual and collective modes, provides the most effective scenario of honeybee colony foraging.

scholarly journals Task allocation and site fidelity jointly influence foraging regulation in honeybee colonies

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 170344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Mosqueiro ◽  
Chelsea Cook ◽  
Ramon Huerta ◽  
Jürgen Gadau ◽  
Brian Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Resource Collection ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Collective Foraging ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Colony Level ◽  
And Task

Variation in behaviour among group members often impacts collective outcomes. Individuals may vary both in the task that they perform and in the persistence with which they perform each task. Although both the distribution of individuals among tasks and differences among individuals in behavioural persistence can each impact collective behaviour, we do not know if and how they jointly affect collective outcomes. Here, we use a detailed computational model to examine the joint impact of colony-level distribution among tasks and behavioural persistence of individuals, specifically their fidelity to particular resource sites, on the collective trade-off between exploring for new resources and exploiting familiar ones. We developed an agent-based model of foraging honeybees, parametrized by data from five colonies, in which we simulated scouts, who search the environment for new resources, and individuals who are recruited by the scouts to the newly found resources, i.e. recruits. We varied the persistence of returning to a particular food source of both scouts and recruits and found that, for each value of persistence, there is a different optimal ratio of scouts to recruits that maximizes resource collection by the colony. Furthermore, changes to the persistence of scouts induced opposite effects from changes to the persistence of recruits on the collective foraging of the colony. The proportion of scouts that resulted in the most resources collected by the colony decreased as the persistence of recruits increased. However, this optimal proportion of scouts increased as the persistence of scouts increased. Thus, behavioural persistence and task participation can interact to impact a colony's collective behaviour in orthogonal directions. Our work provides new insights and generates new hypotheses into how variations in behaviour at both the individual and colony levels jointly impact the trade-off between exploring for new resources and exploiting familiar ones.

scholarly journals Wolves at the door? Factors influencing the individual behavior of wolves in relation to anthropogenic features

2020 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 108514 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carricondo-Sanchez ◽  
Barbara Zimmermann ◽  
Petter Wabakken ◽  
Ane Eriksen ◽  
Cyril Milleret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals From an ethnography of the everyday to writing echoes of suffering

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Rechtman
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Racial Group ◽  
Collective Modes ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
The Individual

Veena Das has introduced a major shift in our contemporary conception of ethnography. While she brings forward a new way of looking at everyday life, which is already a major achievement, she also offers a conceptual resolution to a classical unresolved opposition between the individual and the collective, and between idiosyncratic psychology (subjectivity) and collective modes of thinking, through a challenging debate on what makes one a member of a group and yet radically distinct from all others. The ethnography in her book Affliction stands on three major pillars: The first is the ethnographer’s subjective position in the field regarding the issues of lives, testimony, and research. The second is the neighborhood as the site of fieldwork, with all of its heterogeneity, rather than the group, such as an ethnic or racial group or one cohering around another criterion of belonging. The third and final pillar is the focus on the ordinary through ethnography of the everyday. I then illustrate Veena Das’s perspective on subjectivity with my own fieldwork with survivors of the Cambodian genocide.

scholarly journals Consistency and Heterogeneity of Individual Behavior under Uncertainty

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1921-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syngjoo Choi ◽  
Raymond Fisman ◽  
Douglas Gale ◽  
Shachar Kariv
Keyword(s):  
Utility Function ◽  
Portfolio Choice ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Study Behavior ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Good Interpretation

By using graphical representations of simple portfolio choice problems, we generate a very rich dataset to study behavior under uncertainty at the level of the individual subject. We test the data for consistency with the maximization hypothesis, and we estimate preferences using a two-parameter utility function based on Faruk Gul (1991). This specification provides a good interpretation of the data at the individual level and can account for the highly heterogeneous behaviors observed in the laboratory. The parameter estimates jointly describe attitudes toward risk and allow us to characterize the distribution of risk preferences in the population. (JEL D11, D14, D81, G11)

Rejoinder to Dykstra and Kousser

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Flanigan ◽  
Nancy H. Zingale
Keyword(s):  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Ecological Analysis ◽  
Ecological Patterns ◽  
Way Of Knowing ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Inherent Ambiguity

In our article “Alchemist’s Gold”, we tried to make three main points. First, a large number of models of individual behavior can fit observed ecological patterns, and these models entail different assumptions about the nature of the individual relationship within and across the ecological units. This topic has been most impressively developed by Gudmund Iversen (1981). Second, there is nothing in the ecological data or the various types of ecological analysis that informs the researcher about how to choose among the many dissimilar models. All the models are compatible with the ecological data, and we have no way of knowing whether a particular inference about individual behavior is quite accurate or extremely misleading. Because of the inherent ambiguity over the unobserved individual behavior within ecological units, we made a third point of recommending techniques for reducing the amount of uncertainty surrounding estimates.

General Formulation of the (111,1̄11) Neutron Three Beam Case

1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1432-1435
Author(s):  
W. Treimer
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Plane ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A formalism developed in a previous paper [1] is now applied in a general way to the special three beam case (111, 1̄11). The restriction for the incoming wave to be located in the symmetry plane is abolished. The individual behavior of the dispersion surfaces and reflection curves are determined and discussed.

On the thermodynamics of phase transitions in metal hydrides

Open Physics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Vita
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Collective Mode ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Correlation Radius ◽  
Statistical Weight ◽  
Collective Modes ◽  
Boltzmann Factor ◽  
System Approaches ◽  
Second Order Phase Transition

AbstractMetal hydrides are solutions of hydrogen in a metal, where phase transitions may occur depending on temperature, pressure etc. We apply Le Chatelier’s principle of thermodynamics to a particular phase transition in TiHx, which can approximately be described as a second-order phase transition. We show that the fluctuations of the order parameter correspond to fluctuations both of the density of H+ ions and of the distance between adjacent H+ ions. Moreover, as the system approaches the transition and the correlation radius increases, we show -with the help of statistical mechanics-that the statistical weight of modes involving a large number of H+ ions (‘collective modes’) increases sharply, in spite of the fact that the Boltzmann factor of each collective mode is exponentially small. As a result, the interaction of the H+ ions with collective modes makes a tiny suprathermal fraction of the H+ population appear. Our results hold for similar transitions in metal deuterides, too. A violation of an -insofar undisputed-upper bound on hydrogen loading follows.

Experimental detection of collective modes In a polar liquid: application to the case of the solvated electron in H2O and NH3

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1916-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianni Ascarelli
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Crystal ◽  
Collective Mode ◽  
Continuum Theory ◽  
Longitudinal Optical ◽  
Collective Modes ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Optical Mode ◽  
Solvated Electron ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Longitudinal Optical Mode

We present experimental data that confirm the predicted existence of a collective mode in a liquid corresponding to the longitudinal optical mode in an ionic crystal. The experimental investigation was carried out in nitromethane, and the results bear out all the calculated properties of this collective mode: the dipolar plasmon. The calculated frequency of the dipolar plasmon, as well as the dielectric constant at high and low frequencies, are then used to calculate without adjustable parameters the polaron coupling constant of the solvated electron in NH3 and H2O. A comparison of the calculated and measured properties of the solvated electron indicates that in either case a polaron-like continuum theory can at most account for only a fraction of the energy of the observed optical absorption.

How Information-Mapping Patterns Determine Foraging Behaviour of a Honey Bee Colony

2002 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Tereshko ◽  
Troy Lee
Keyword(s):  
Food Source ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Equations ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Nectar Sources ◽  
Nectar Source ◽  
Honeybee Colony ◽  
Selection Of

We have developed a model of foraging behaviour of a honeybee colony based on reaction-diffusion equations and have studied how mapping the information about the explored environment to the hive determines this behaviour. The model utilizes two dominant components of colony's foraging behaviour — the recruitment to the located nectar sources and the abandonment of them. The recruitment is based upon positive feedback, i.e autocatalytic replication of information about the located source. If every potential forager in the hive, the onlooker, acquires information about all located sources, a common information niche is formed, which leads to the rapid selection of the most profitable nectar source. If the onlookers acquire information about some parts of the environment and slowly learn about the other parts, different information niches where individuals are associated mainly with a particular food source are formed, and the correspondent foraging trails coexist for longer periods. When selected nectar source becomes depleted, the foragers switch over to another, more profitable source. The faster the onlookers learn about the entire environment, the faster that switching occurs.

scholarly journals Legal obligation as the legal value

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Tereziia Popovych
Keyword(s):  
Individual Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Legal Obligation ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The article describes some aspects of understanding legal values and legal obligations in modern legal science.To achieve the goal of the study, the author envisaged the performing such tasks as: clarifying the understanding of legal valuesand legal obligations used by legal science; proving the possibility of recognizing a legal obligation as a legal value; formulation of theconcept of legal obligation as a legal value.The author traces the interrelation between legal values and the legal order, emphasizing that without legal values, the rule of lawis ineffective, in turn, – legal values outside the legal order have no practical content.Based on this, the author proposes his own definition of the concept of legal values as ideal legal entities and principles that determinea person’s perception of the importance of law, assessment of phenomena occurring in society through law, form a certain modelof legal person’s behavior and are designed to ensure legal order and discipline in society.Given this understanding of legal values, as well as the position of modern legal science on the essence of legal obligation, theauthor defines the concept of legal obligation as a legal value: this is a legal prescription which is formulated by the state as necessaryto ensure law and order model of individual behavior, established in order to maintain the proper functioning of society as a collectivewhole and to ensure the interests of all its members, and fulfilled on the basis of the perception of certain behavior as fair and sociallyappropriate. The author’s approach to the justification of a legal obligation as a legal value is proposed due to the following factors: theperson’s perception of the relevant behavior as necessary, fair, socially acceptable, which expresses a socially significant benchmark;the formulation by the state through the legal norm the socially significant behavior; realization through such behavior the human socialnature as a part of the collective whole; the implementation of the principle of interdependence and complementarity of the rights andobligations of the individual.

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