scholarly journals Trapping Effect of Synthetic Sex Pheromone of Acleris fimbriana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Chinese Northern Orchard

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 421-425
Author(s):  
Yuxiu Liu ◽  
Xianzuo Meng
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
North China ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Trapping Effect ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Field Activity ◽  
Tetradecenyl Acetate ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone

Abstract The yellow tortrix, Acleris fimbriana Merick (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is an economically important insect pest on fruit trees with four generations a year in North China. In order to develop a new and effective method for forecasting and controlling the pest, the sex pheromone was studied. We have identified the female sex pheromone as (E)-11,13-tetradecadienal (E11,13-14:Ald), (E)-11,13-tetradecadienyl acetate (E11,13-14:Ac) and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:Ac). Trapping effect of synthetic chemicals E11,13-14:Ald, alone and in combination with E11,13-14:Ac or/and E11-14:Ac to A. fimbriana males was tested in Beijing Xishan Orchard (2001). E11,13-14:Ald on its own was much attractive to A. fimbriana males. Neither E11,13-14:Ac nor E11-14:Ac alone caught any moths. The catches markedly increased by adding E11,13-14:Ac to E11,13-14:Ald. The optimum ratio of E11,13- 14:Ald and E11,13-14:Ac was 6:4 to 5:5. This attractiveness was apparently enhanced when 5% to 10% of E11-14:Ac was added. The best field activity was in the lure baited with a 6:4:1 ratio of E11,13-14:Ald, E11,13-14:Ac and E11-14:Ac at a dosage of 1000 μg/septum. The effect of antioxidant, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol [butylated hydroxyluene (BHT)], to the synthetic pheromone blends on its duration and catching efficacy was also tested. Addition of 5-10% BHT to the synthetic pheromone could prolong the life-span of pheromone chemicals for 6-8 weeks, thereby increased its catching efficacy.

scholarly journals Control of Synanthedon (Aegeria) myopaeformis by Mating Disruption Using Sex Pheromone Dispensers in Northern Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Kyparissoudas ◽  
Α. Tsourgianni
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Polyethylene Tube ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Clearwing Moth ◽  
Pheromone Dispensers

In 3 successive years (1990-1992) polyethylene tube dispensers, each containing 50.5 mg synthetic sex pheromone of the apple clearwing moth, Synanthedon (Aegeria) myopaeformis Borkh., were placed at a density of 680 per ha, once a year, in two adjacent commercial apple orchards each I ha in size. The degree of confusion reached almost 100% by releasing about 6 mg/ha/h, whereas the number of mated females decreased by 72.86%, compared with the untreated orchard. In 1993, after 3 years of experiments, a reduction of up to 91% of empty pupal skins per tree was attained. The encouraging results, especially when taking into account the relatively small size of the orchards, opens opportunities for the integrated control of this apple insect pest under the conditions of Northern Greece.

RESPONSES OF MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS TO SEX PHEROMONE RELEASED FROM FILTER PAPER AND RUBBER SEPTA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rubber Septa ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Pheromone Blend

AbstractThe behavioral responses of male spruce budworm moths to a wide range of loadings of synthetic sex pheromone on filter paper and rubber septa were investigated in a wind tunnel. The highest proportion of males flying upwind and reaching filter-paper dispensers occurred at pheromone loadings of between 0.1 and 10 μg. Above these loadings, males were activated but upwind flight was arrested before the moths reached the pheromone source. No such arrestment occurred with rubber septa up to the maximum loading assayed, 1 mg. Up to 72% of the males that reached a septum attempted to copulate with it, but even this response was less than that to a septum in the presence of pheromone emitted by females. This confirms previous conclusions that the synthetic pheromone blend used here, 95:5 (E:Z-11-tetradecenal) is incomplete.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of the Sex Pheromone of the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengchang Lu ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Hongyu Pan ◽  
Dawei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Isomer Ratio ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Ostrinia Furnacalis ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Tetradecenyl Acetate ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone

A convenient total synthesis of (Z)-12-tetradecenyl acetate (1a) and (E)-12-tetradecenyl acetate (1b), which are the sex pheromones of Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), has been achieved. The target mixture molecules, of a cis-to-trans-isomer ratio of 27 to 73, were synthesized in 40% overall yield and through [13C + 1C] synthetic strategy in five steps from commercially available and cheap industrial brassylic acid as key starting material. The electroantennogram (EAG) responses of synthetic sex pheromone to ACB male moths were conducted. The results showed that the target mixture molecules were found to have a good activity and displayed significantly stronger EAG responses ranging from 10 to 1000 μg, and the optimized stimulating dosage of the activity of synthetic sex pheromone to ACB males is 10 μg. Compared with the existing routes, this synthetic approach is operationally simple, good-yielding, and cost-effective, which could serve as a basis for developing the techniques of sex pheromone mass trapping or mating disruption and providing an environmentally benign method to control ACB pests.

IDENTIFICATION OF SEX-PHEROMONE COMPONENTS OF THE SIBLING SPECIES EUXOA RIDINGSIANA (GRT.) AND EUXOA MAIMES (SM.) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), AND BLENDS FOR THEIR SPECIFIC ATTRACTION

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Struble ◽  
J.R. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Pheromone Blends ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Sex Pheromone Components ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Tetradecenyl Acetate ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe sex-pheromone components of the sibling species Euxoa ridingsiana and Euxoa maimes were identified in abdomen-tip washes and extracts of calling female moths. Both species produced the same primary pheromone component, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (i.e. Z9-14:Ac), but they produced different amounts of secondary pheromone components. In the field, male moths of E. ridingsiana were specifically attracted to a 3-component blend of Z7-12:Ac, and Z7-14:Ac, and Z9-14:Ac in a ratio of 1:2:40 at 500 μg per dispenser, and males of E. maimes were specifically attracted to a 5-component blend of Z7-14:Ac, Z9-14:Ac, Zl 1-14:Ac, Zll-16:Ac, andZll-16:OH in a ratio of 1.5:500:5:50:2.5 at 500 μg per dispenser. Both synthetic pheromone blends were competitive with conspecific females. These pheromone analyses confirm that E. ridingsiana and E. maimes are valid biological species that can maintain their reproductive isolation solely by specific sex pheromones.

Studies on the Sex pheromone of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) in India

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.V.P. Reddy ◽  
K.C.D. Urs
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone

AbstractMarked male moths of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) released at up to 12 m from a sticky delta trap baited with synthetic pheromone, were caught in significantly higher numbers than moths released at greater distances, both in downwind and upwind directions, from the traps. Maximum catches were obtained when the traps were set at 30 cm above the crop level. Continued exposure of septa in the field led to a progressive reduction in catches, and catches were significantly reduced after 28 days. Newly emerged virgin female moths attracted significantly more male moths than one day old or older virgin female moths. Five day old virgin females attracted no male moths. When virgin females were used as a bait in the field, the peak catch of males was between 1600 and 1800 h. Tests at two field locations revealed that, at the concentration tested, synthetic sex pheromone attracted a similar number of moths to the number attracted by 10 virgin females in delta traps, and significantly more than 8, or fewer virgin females.

scholarly journals Monitoring the population dynamics of the horse chestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella with a synthetic pheromone in Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kindl ◽  
B. Kalinová ◽  
J. Freise ◽  
W. Heitland ◽  
S. Augustin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Insect Phenology

A monitoring system for Cameraria ohridella males based on a synthetic sex pheromone was tested in the Czech Republic, Germany, France and Greece. From the obtained data on the insect phenology we concluded that in Central Europe C. ohridella typically has three generations per year. The pheromone monitoring can be used to detect the pest when it appears in uninfested areas and is also suitable to determine population densities.

scholarly journals Sublethal Exposure Effects of the Neonicotinoid Clothianidin Strongly Modify the Brain Transcriptome and Proteome in the Male Moth Agrotis ipsilon

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Camille Meslin ◽  
Françoise Bozzolan ◽  
Virginie Braman ◽  
Solenne Chardonnet ◽  
Cédric Pionneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Male Moth ◽  
Hormetic Effect ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Neuronal Processes ◽  
The Brain

Insect pest management relies mainly on neurotoxic insecticides, including neonicotinoids such as clothianidin. The residual accumulation of low concentrations of these insecticides can have positive effects on target pest insects by enhancing various life traits. Because pest insects often rely on sex pheromones for reproduction and olfactory synaptic transmission is cholinergic, neonicotinoid residues could indeed modify chemical communication. We recently showed that treatments with low doses of clothianidin could induce hormetic effects on behavioral and neuronal sex pheromone responses in the male moth, Agrotis ipsilon. In this study, we used high-throughput RNAseq and proteomic analyses from brains of A. ipsilon males that were intoxicated with a low dose of clothianidin to investigate the molecular mechanisms leading to the observed hormetic effect. Our results showed that clothianidin induced significant changes in transcript levels and protein quantity in the brain of treated moths: 1229 genes and 49 proteins were differentially expressed upon clothianidin exposure. In particular, our analyses highlighted a regulation in numerous enzymes as a possible detoxification response to the insecticide and also numerous changes in neuronal processes, which could act as a form of acclimatization to the insecticide-contaminated environment, both leading to enhanced neuronal and behavioral responses to sex pheromone.

The influence of behaviour modifying chemicals on mating success of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea Hmps. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in Malawi

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe synthetic sex pheromone (dicastalure) of the red bollworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., in Central and Southern Africa, and an inhibitor of male sexual attraction (trans-9-dodecenyl acetate,=IIA), were used in an enclosed 0·2 ha cotton field-cage to reduce successful female matings. Over one month dicastalure at 21·0 and 42·3 g/ha produced average reductions in mating of 47·9% and 72·5% respectively and 37·9 g IIA/ha produced an overall reduction in mating of 71·5%, or 79·5% in released moth populations, over the same period. The proportion of virgin females present in disruption situations was significantly greater than in untreated populations and was density-independent for moth populations of up to 2 200/ha. The proportion of fertile eggs in disruption situations was correspondingly reduced to 30·2% from an average of 67·9% in control cycles. Reduction in sex pheromone trap catches is an unsatisfactory indicator of the extent to which males are prevented from inseminating females and considerably over-estimates the true degree of disruption. This is the first time that a naturally occurring inhibitor has been used successfully to disrupt mating in a field population of insects and it indicates the potential of the method for the control of high density pest populations in cotton. However, use of polyethylene dispensing mechanisms similar to those used in the field-cage disruption experiments would be unsuitable as a practical method of dispensing behaviour modifying chemicals and it is suggested that, for suitably controlled release of such chemicals, currently available microencapsulation technology offers the best prospects.

Enantioselective Synthesis of the Sex Pheromone of Lichen Moth, Miltochrista calamine, and Its Diastereomer

Synlett ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangchun Zhong ◽  
Gucheng Yuan ◽  
Jiawei Liu ◽  
Shihang Yu ◽  
Xueyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Enantioselective Synthesis ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Chiral Auxiliaries ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Key Steps

AbstractThe synthesis of a Miltochrista calamine sex pheromone and its diastereomer has been developed. The key steps of the synthetic approach involved Evans’ chiral auxiliaries and the addition of alkyne to aldehyde, which were firstly applied to prepare this sex pheromone and its diastereomer. The synthetic sex pheromone could be used to trap insects and study physiological and ecological questions of the lichen moth.

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