Selective electromembrane extraction and sensitive colorimetric detection of copper(II)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajid Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Balal Arain ◽  
Hashmat Bibi ◽  
Mustafa Tuzen ◽  
Nasrullah Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Electromembrane Extraction ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Donor Phase

AbstractIn this study, an extremely effective electromembrane extraction (EME) method was developed for the selective extraction of Cu(II) followed by Red-Green-Blue (RGB) detection. The effective parameters optimized for the extraction efficiency of EME include applied voltage, extraction time, supported liquid membrane (SLM) composition, pH of acceptor/donor phases, and stirring rate. Under optimized conditions, Cu(II) was extracted from a 3 mL aqueous donor phase to 8 µL of 100 mM HCl acceptor solution through 1-octanol SLM using an applied voltage of 50 V for 15 min. The proposed method provides a working range of 0.1–0.75 µg·mL−1 with 0.03 µg·mL−1 limit for detection. Finally, the developed technique was applied to different environmental water samples for monitoring environmental pollution. Obtained relative recoveries were within the range of 93–106%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) and enhancement factor (EF) were found to be ≤4.8% and 100 respectively. We hope that this method can be introduced for quantitative determination of Cu(II) as a fast, simple, portable, inexpensive, effective, and precise procedure.

scholarly journals Vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction combined with spectrophotometry for the determination of trace nitrite in water samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1225-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Jiao ◽  
Jianping Yu ◽  
Yaling Yang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Cationic Dye ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

A vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (VALLME) method using isooctanol as extractant followed by spectrophotometry was developed for the extraction and determination of trace nitrite in water samples. The method is based on selective ion-pairing complex (I3− MG+) formation of triiodideanion I3− with cationic dye malachite green (MG) at pH 3.0, and its subsequent extraction in an organic solvent. The extracted organic solvent-rich phase is diluted with methanol, and its absorbance is measured against an analyte blank at 630 nm. The variables affecting VALLME efficiency were investigated, and a set of optimized conditions was obtained. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range of nitrite was from 1.0 to 100 ng mL−1. The relative standard deviations (n = 10) were 2.1–3.9% and the limit of detection was 0.5 ng mL−1 and was successfully applied to the determination of nitrite in environmental water.

scholarly journals New Spectrofluorimetric Method with Enhanced Sensitivity for Determination of Paroxetine in Dosage Forms and Plasma

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. ACI.S1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Darwish ◽  
Sawsan M. Amer ◽  
Heba H. Abdine ◽  
Lama I. Al-Rayes
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pharmaceutical Tablets ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Spectrofluorimetric Method ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Optimized Conditions

New simple spectrofluorimetric method with enhanced sensitivity has been developed and validated for the determination of the antidepressant paroxetine (PXT) in its dosage forms and plasma. The method was based on nucleophilic substitution reaction of PXT with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole in an alkaline medium (pH 8) to form a highly fluorescent derivative that was measured at 545 nm after excitation at 490 nm. The factors affecting the reaction was carefully studied and optimized. The kinetics of the reaction was investigated, and the reaction mechanism was presented. Under the optimized conditions, linear relationship with good correlation coefficient (0.9993) was found between the fluorescence intensity and PXT concentration in the range of 80-800 ng ml-1. The limits of detection and quantitation for the method were 25 and 77 ng ml-1, respectively. The precision of the method was satisfactory; the values of relative standard deviations did not exceed 3%. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of PXT in its pharmaceutical tablets with good accuracy; the recovery values were 100.2 ± 1.61%. The results obtained by the proposed method were comparable with those obtained by the official method. The proposed method is superior to the previously reported spectrofluorimetric method for determination of PXT in terms of its higher sensitivity and wider linear range. The high sensitivity of the method allowed its successful application to the analysis of PXT in spiked human plasma. The proposed method is practical and valuable for its routine application in quality control and clinical laboratories for analysis of PXT.

Preconcentration and Determination of Lead by Solidification of Floated Organic Drop Coupled with Nanodrop Spectrophotometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mazloomifar ◽  
Nafiseh Khatibi
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Liquid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Preconcentration Factor ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Sample Vial

The liquid-phase microextraction based on solidification of floating organic microdrop coupled with UV-visible spectrophotometer for preconcentration and determination of lead in the aqueous samples has been developed. In this technique, 20μL of 1-undecanol containing dithizone as the chelating agent (10-3mol L-1) was transferred to the water samples containing lead ions, and the solution was stirred for 25 min. The sample vial was cooled in an ice bath for 5 min. The solidified extract was transferred into a conical vial where it melted immediately, and then the organic phase was analyzed by Nanodrop spectrophotometer. Factors that influence the extraction and complex formation, such as pH, concentration of dithizone, extraction time, effect of ionic strenght, temperature and stirring rate were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, a preconcentration factor of 356, detection limit of 0.006 μgL-1, limit of quantification 0.018 μgL-1and a good relative standard deviation of 2.1% were obtained. The procedure was applied to sea water, mineral water and well water.

Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) in Environmental Water: Collaborative Study

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E Oppenhuizen ◽  
John E Cowell
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Aminomethylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A new method for determination of glyphosate and amlnomethylphosphonlc acid (AMPA) residues In environmental water was collaboratively studied by 6 laboratories. The method Is simpler and shorter than previous methods. A filtered volume of water is evaporated to dryness and the residue Is dissolved In a buffered EDTA solution. Glyphosate and AMPA are determined by liquid chromatography with postcolumn reaction detection. The method was validated over the range 0.50-5000 ppb, although one of the collaborating laboratories could not reliably quantltate below 1.0 ppb. Statistical analysis of the results showed that typical reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) ranged from 11 to 20% for both glyphosate and AMPA, which compares very well with predicted values for this concentration range. Total variability (as measured by sR) Increased with increasing fortification level. The method has been adopted official first action by AOAC.

scholarly journals Determination of Organophosphorous Pesticide Phosphamidon in Environmental Water with Luminol Chemiluminescence Detection

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aifang Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Liu ◽  
Juan Kong ◽  
Haoyu Hu ◽  
Linghui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Chemiluminescence Method ◽  
Luminol Chemiluminescence ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Organophosphorous Pesticide ◽  
Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate

Abstract A novel chemiluminescence method has been developed for the determination of the organophosphorous pesticide phosphamidon in environmental water samples, based on the reaction of phosphamidon with luminolH2O2 in an alkaline medium using sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as the enhancer. Under optimum conditions, the increased chemiluminescence intensity was proportional to the concentration of phosphamidon in the range of 0.011.0 g/mL and the detection limit was 0.0038 g/mL (3). The relative standard deviation was <2 for 0.5 g/mL phosphamidon (n = 11). The proposed method was applied to the determination of phosphamidon residue in an environmental water sample with satisfactory results. Further study was focused on the mechanism of phosphamidon, and a possible mechanism was proposed.

scholarly journals Floatation-Spectrophotometric Determination of Thorium, Using Complex Formation with Eriochrome Cyanine R

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. ACI.S5949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabah Shiri ◽  
Ali Delpisheh ◽  
Ali Haeri ◽  
Abdolhossein Poornajaf ◽  
Tahereh Khezeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Brij 35 ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Interfering Ions

A novel and sensitive floatation-spectrophotometric method is presented for determination of trace amounts of thorium in water samples. The method is based on the ion-associated formation between thorium, Eriochrome cyanine R and Brij-35 at pH = 4 media. The complex was floated in the interface of the aqueous phase and n-hexane by vigorous shaking. After removing the aqueous phase the floated particles were dissolved in methanol and the absorbance was measured at 607 nm. The influence of different important parameters such as Eriochrome cyanine R and surfactants concentration, pH, volume of n-hexane, standing time and interfering ions were evaluated. Under optimized conditions the calibration graph was linear in the range of 6-230 ng mL-1 of thorium with a correlation coefficient of 0.9985. The limit of detections (LOD), based on signal to noise ratio (S/N) of 3 was 1.7 ng mL-1. The relative standard deviations for determination of 150 and 30 ng ml-1 of thorium were 3.26 and 4.41%, respectively (n = 10). The method showed a good linearity, recoveries, as well as some advantages such as sensitivity, simplicity, affordability and a high feasibility. The method was successfully applied to determine thorium in different water and urine samples.

Online Determination of Anionic Surfactant in Environmental Water

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1113-1116
Author(s):  
Liang Wei ◽  
Yi Chun Dai
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ethyl Violet ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen ◽  
Standard Solution

It was found that ethyl violet can react with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfate (SDBS) to form ion associates in pH 2.2 ~ 2.8 of buffer solution of potassium hydrogen phthalate and hydrochloric acid in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol. Based on this, a method was proposed for online determination of anionic surfactant in environmental waterby. Under the optimum experimental conditions, Beers law was obeyed in the concentration range of 80 µg/L ~ 3500 µg/L of anionic surfactant (SDBS). The relative standard deviation of 2.1% was was obtained by injecting 800 µg/L of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfate standard solution (n=10). The detection limit calculated from three times of the average background noise was 4.39 µg/L. The proposed method had been applied successfully to the determination of anionic surfactant in environmental water and the results showed good agreement with that of the standard method.

Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrophotometry Determination of Lead in Environment Water Using 5-Br-PADAP

2013 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 345-348
Author(s):  
Lin Gao ◽  
Sheng Jie Chen ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Wen Hong Zhou ◽  
Jun Long Yao
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Optimized Conditions

A simple, sensitive, green and low cost detection method based on the cloud point extraction (CPE) separation and spectrophotometry was proposed for the determination of lead. In pH=9.0 H3BO3 buffer solution, Pb(II) reacts with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) in the presence of Triton X-100 yielding a hydrophobic complex, which then is extracted into micro-volume surfactant-rich phase. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 20-400 µg/L (at 560 nm). Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of 10.94 µg/L and the relative standard deviations(RSD) of 2.0% (n=5) for Lead(II) were found, respectively. The sensitivity and absorbance of this method are at least five times higher when compared with that of usual 5-Br-PADAP spectrophotometry without CPE, and the proposed method has been applied to the determination of Lead in environment water samples with satisfactory results.

Speciation Analysis of Inorganic Arsenic in Coal Samples

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1991-1995
Author(s):  
Mei Sun ◽  
Gui Jiang Liu ◽  
Qiang Hua Wu ◽  
Wenqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Optimized Conditions

A new method was developed for the speciation of inorganic arsenic in coal samples by liquid chromatography coupled to hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry after microwave-assisted extraction. Effective extract of As(III), As(V) in coal sample was achieved by 1.0molL-1 H3PO4 and 0.1 molL-1ascorbic acid. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were 0.01 ugL-1and 0.02 ugL-1for As(III), As(V). The relative standard deviation were 2.4 %, 3.3 % (c= 20.0 gL-1, n=7). The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of speciation of inorganic arsenic in coal samples and GBW11117.

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