Association of serum magnesium level with resistant  hyperlipidemia in diabetic and hypertensive patients

Introduction: Both diabetes mellitus and hypertension are aspects of metabolic syndrome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum magnesium level with resistant hyperlipidemia in a group of diabetic and hypertensive patients. Patients and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out on 90 hypertensive and diabetic patients who referred to outpatient university clinic in Shahrekord (45 hypertensive and 45 diabetic patients). Included patients had high triglyceride levels despite 8 weeks of treatment with lipid-lowering agents. Results: There was an inverse significant relationship between serum magnesium and triglyceride levels in diabetic patients (P=0.002, r=-0.458), however, this correlation was not significant in hypertensive patients (P=0.754, r=0.048). Conclusion: This study showed, serum magnesium may affect triglycerides levels in diabetic patients, however, our finding requires further investigation with larger population.

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ASSOCIATION OF SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVEL WITH RESISTANT HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN DIABETIC AND HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

10.36106/7335960 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 33-35

Author(s):

Manish Kumar ◽

Syed Yousuf Faisal ◽

Sudhir Chandra Jha ◽

Debarshi Jana

Keyword(s):

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lipid Lowering Agents

Introduction: Both diabetes mellitus and hypertension are aspects of metabolic syndrome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum magnesium level with resistant hyperlipidemia in a group of diabetic and hypertensive patients. Patients And Methods: The present cross- sectional study was carried out on 90 hypertensive and diabetic patients in Medicine Department of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar, (45 hypertensive and 45 diabetic patients). Included patients had high triglyceride levels despite 8 weeks of treatment with lipid-lowering agents. Results: There was an inverse signicant relationship between serum magnesium and triglyceride levels in diabetic patients (P=0.002, r=-0.458), however, this correlation was not signicant in hypertensive patients (P=0.754, r=0.048). Conclusion: This study showed, serum magnesium may affect triglycerides levels in diabetic patients, however, our nding requires further investigation with larger population

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Hypomagnesaemia in children under five years of age having acute diarrhea.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.12.6318 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1768-1772

Author(s):

Muhammad Kamal ◽

Farrukh Saeed ◽

Muhammad Anwar ◽

Sanuaullah Khan ◽

Seemi Habib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Diarrhea ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Duration Of Illness

Objective: To determine the frequency of hypomagnesaemia in children under five year of age having acute diarrhea. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Rashid Latif Medical College / Arif Memorial Teaching Hospital, Lahore. Period: August 2019 to January 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 96 children aged between 6 months to five years having acute diarrhea and duration of illness <14 days were enrolled. All the patients were subjected to measurement of serum magnesium level. The proportion of hypomagnesaemia was analyzed in acute diarrhea. The effect modifier and confounding variables were controlled through stratification of data on duration of illness less as < 14 days and more than 14 days, age as < 2 year or > 2 year and weight as < 2SD or > 2SD on weight for age chart. Chi square test was applied considering p value < 0.05 as significant. Results: Our study comprised of 96 patients having acute diarrhea, of these 96 study cases, 62 (64.6%) were boys and 34 (35.4%) were girls. Mean age of our study cases was 19.25±15.71 months. Mean weight of study cases was 9.56±3.01 kg. Mean duration of illness was 5.74 ± 3.26 days. Mean Serum Magnesium level was 1.63 ± 0.32 mg/dl (ranging from 1.0 mg/dl to 2.8 mg/dl). Hypomagnesaemia was present in 47 (49%) cases. Conclusion: High frequency of hypomagnesaemia was observed in children under 5 years of age having acute diarrhea. Duration of illness had significant impact on hypomagnesaemia. Serum magnesium levels must be regularly monitored in children with acute diarrhea.

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Low Serum Magnesium Level Can be a Risk Factor for Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Controlled Study

Medical Bulletin of Haseki ◽

10.4274/haseki.galenos.2021.7188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Mehmet Bankir ◽

Nedime Sahinoglu Keskek ◽

Tayyibe Saler ◽

Sakir Ozgur Keskek ◽

Selim Cevher

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Serum

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Magnesium levels in stable children with asthma: It’s relationship with asthma control

Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics ◽

10.4314/njp.v47i2.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 91-95

Author(s):

F.N. Ogbuka ◽

I.K. Ndu ◽

T. Oguonu ◽

A.N. Ikefuna ◽

B.C. Ibe

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Asthma Prevalence ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

The Mean

Background: Asthma prevalence is rising worldwide. Amongst the various factors influencing asthma control, the magnesium level of the affected individuals seems to make a major contribution to achieving asthma control through i ts anti - inflammatory and bronchodilation effects.This study therefore was aimed at determining the magnesium level of stable asthmatic children and its relationship, if any, with their levels of asthma control.Methods: A cross-sectional study where the serum magnesium levels of 30 stable asthmatic children attending Asthma clinic and those of 30 children without asthma attending Children Out-patient clinic (CHOP) both at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, were assessed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The levels of asthma control of children with asthma were assessed using asthma therapyassessment questionnaire (ATAQ). Mean serum magnesium levels of the different asthma control levels were compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The mean ages of children with asthma and those without asthma were 10.4 ± 2.98 years and 10.5 ±3.00 years respectively. The mean serum magnesium level of stable children with asthma (1.13 ±1.04 mmol/L) was found to be significantly lower than those of the non-asthmatic controls (1.46 ±1.01 mmol/L), p= 0.004.A significant association was also found between the serum magnesium levels and the levels of asthma control (p = 0.015).Conclusion: This study shows that the serum magnesium level of stable asthmatic children is significantly lower than that of children without asthma and there is a significant association between the mean serum magnesium levels and their levels of asthma control. Keywords: Serum magnesium, asthma control, stable asthma

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Serum Magnesium in Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia

Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ◽

10.3329/bjog.v25i1.13725 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

K Nahar ◽

H Yasmin ◽

L Shamsuzzaman

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Study Group ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

Objective: To assess the serum magnesium level of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Mymensingh Medical College & Hospital (MMCH). Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Mymensingh Medical College & Hospital (MMCH) and Prof. Muhammed Hossain Central Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU). The serum magnesium level were estimated in 60 study subjects who were pregnant women with pre-eclampsia & eclampsia and of 60 control subjects who were the normotensive pregnant women by photometric test using xylidyl blue. Results: The mean (±SD) serum magnesium of the control and study group were (2.29 ± 0.28 mg/dl) & (1.84 ±0.26 mg/dl) respectively. The difference in serum magnesium level between the two groups was statistically highly significant (p=<0.001). In the study group the mean (±SD) serum magnesium level of the pre-eclamptic & eclamptic groups were (1.9150 ± 0.26 mg/dl) & (1.8063 ±0.25 mg/dl) respectively and the difference between them was also statistically significant (p=<0.05). Conclusion: From the result it could be concluded that hypomagnesaemia can be said to be one of the etiological factors in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Hence by estimating serum magnesium during antenatal period pre-eclampsia can be predicted and eclampsia can be prevented early. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i1.13725 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(1) : 15-19

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Usage of diuretics among diabetic-hypertensive patients

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10582 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 14-17

Author(s):

Rajeshwari Shastry ◽

M.R. Prabha Adhikari ◽

Sheetal D. Ullal ◽

Shashidhar Kotian

Keyword(s):

Glycemic Control ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Vascular Complications ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Drug Combinations ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Aggressive Approach ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Treatment Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is more common in diabetics than in non-diabetic patients. An aggressive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in patients with diabetes is required in order to substantially reduce the incidence of both macro-vascular and micro-vascular complications. The role of diuretics in the treatment of hypertension as first line or second line drugs is a provoking debate, hence we studied the usage of diuretics and their effects on BP and glycemic control among diabetic-hypertensive patients.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out for a period of six months in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients’ details such as age, gender, height, weight, comorbid diseases, blood pressure, eGFR along with duration of diabetes and hypertension and drugs prescribed for hypertension were noted. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 336 diabetic-hypertensiveswith a mean age of 64.55±9.51 years were included. Fortyfive patients were on diuretics,two (4.4%) of whom were on diuretic monotherapy, 16 (35.6%) on two drug combinations (Diuretic + ACEI or ARB), 21 (46.7%) on three drug combinations (diuretics + ARB & BBs or diuretic + ACEI & BB or diuretic + ARB &CCB) and six (13.3%) were on four drug combinations (diuretics + ARB, CCB & BB). Among the patients on diuretic combination therapy BP was well controlled in 23 (51%) patients and the glycemic control was comparable to those not on diuretics.Conclusion: In the present study the usage of diuretics was consistent with the guidelines. About 13% of diabetic-hypertensive patients were on diuretic treatment. The control of BP in patients on diuretics was not satisfactory, but there was no worsening of glycemic control compared to other antihypertensive therapy. This shows that low dose thiazides in combination with other antihypertensives can be safe in diabetic-hypertensive patients however their efficacy needs further scrutiny. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10582Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(2) 2015 15-18

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SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVEL

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2010.17.02.2382 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (02) ◽

pp. 279-285

Author(s):

SADIA ZAFAR ◽

HINA AYESHA ◽

ASGHAR BUTT ◽

Bushra Abdul Malik

Keyword(s):

Serum Albumin Level ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Albumin Level ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Persistent Diarrhea ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Setting

Objectives: To evaluate serum magnesium level in children with 3rd degree malnutrition and to compare these values with healthy children. Study Design: Cross sectional comparative study. Setting and Duration: Pediatric Department of Allied Hospital Faisalabad from Oct. 2003 to Nov. 2004. Subjects: Cases: 60 children of age six month to five year having weight < 60% of that for age. Control: 60 healthy children of age six month to five year having weight > 80% of that for age. Methods: Both cases & controls were selected from indoor & outdoor through simple random sampling. Detailed history & examination was done and S/Mg level were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data was analyzed with the help of SPSS by applying T test and was presented by frequency tables. Results: The cases showed decreased S/Mg level (1.11+/- 0.24 mg/dl) as compared to controls (2.01+/- 0.78mg/dl).S/Mg levels were also decreased in cases with height < 80 % of that for age (0.98+/-0.5mg/dl) as compared to controls having height > 90 % of that for age. S/Mg levels were markedly low in cases who had low albumin level (0.98+/- 0.05 mg/dl) and those children who presented with persistent diarrhea (0.96+/-0.12mg/dl) Conclusion: S/Mg levels were decreased in children with PEM as compared to those with age and sex matched control. This decrease in S/Mglevels was marked in those cases who had decrease serum albumin level and persistent diarrhea.

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Impact of the 2019 European Guidelines on Diabetes in Clinical Practice: Real and Simulated Analyses of Lipid Goals

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease ◽

10.3390/jcdd7010006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Walter Masson ◽

Melina Huerín ◽

Lorenzo Martin Lobo ◽

Gerardo Masson ◽

Graciela Molinero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Simulation Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lipid Lowering Drugs ◽

European Guidelines ◽

European Society Of Cardiology

Background: Recent European guidelines on diabetes, prediabetes, and cardiovascular disease developed for the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) significantly changed some concepts on risk stratification, lipid goals, and recommendations for the use of lipid-lowering drugs. The objectives of this work were to describe the lipid-lowering treatment prescribed for patients with diabetes and to determine the percentage of patients that achieved the lipid goals recommended by the 2019 ESC/EASD Guidelines on Diabetes in real and simulated scenarios. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed. Subjects >18 years with type 2 diabetes were included. The recommendations of the 2019 ESC/EASD Guidelines were followed. The real and simulated (ideal setting using adequate doses of statins ± ezetimibe) scenarios were analyzed. Results: Overall, 528 patients were included. In total, 62.5% of patients received statins (17.1% high intensity). Most patients were stratified as “very high risk” (54.2%) or “high risk” (43.4%). Only 13.3% achieved the double lipid goal (LDL-C and non-HDL-C goals according to the risk categories). In the simulation analysis, the proportion of subjects that did not reach the therapeutic objective decreased in all risk strata, although a considerable proportion of subjects persisted outside the target. Conclusion: The difficulty of achieving lipid goals in diabetic patients was considerable when applying the new guidelines. The situation would improve if we optimized treatment, but the prescription of new lipid-lowering drugs could be limited by their high cost.

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Evaluation of Serum Magnesium Level in Preeclampsia

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.3329/bjmb.v10i1.36693 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15

Author(s):

HL Roy ◽

S Nargis ◽

SH Mahmud ◽

NWB Jahan ◽

MS Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Medical Complication ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

Age Range

Preeclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Reduced serum magnesium level is found to be associated with elevated blood pressure in preeclampsia. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the serum magnesium level in preeclamptic women. For this study 50 preeclamptic patients, with age range 20 to 40 years having gestational age range from 20 to 40 weeks and 50 age and gestational age matched normotensive pregnant women having no proteinuria were enrolled. Serum magnesium was measured by colorimetric method. The mean(±SD) age and mean(±SD) gestational age of preeclampsia was not significantly different from those of normotensive pregnant women (p=0.203 and p=0.251 respectively). The mean(±SD) body mass index of the preeclamptic patients was significantly higher compared to that of normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001). The mean(±SD) serum magnesium level was 3.37±2.05 mg/dl in preeclamptic group and 2.87±1.38 mg/dl in normal pregnant women; the level did not differ significantly between the subject of preeclampsia and normal pregnant women (p=0.153). Findings of this study suggest that serum magnesium has no association with preeclampsia.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(1): 10-15

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Hypomagnesemia and Poor Glycemic Control Among Palestinian Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1066121/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohmmad Hamarshih ◽

Suha Hamshari ◽

Zaher Nazzal ◽

Farha Abu Snobar ◽

Rawa Mletat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Poor Glycemic Control ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Hypomagnesemia has been shown to have a significant impact on both glycemic control and diabetes complications in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM patients and find the association between serum magnesium levels and outcomes relevant to glycemic control and diabetic complications.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and included 373 patients (222 males and 151 females). Serum magnesium levels were measured by the Colorimetric Endpoint Method using the Cobas C501system. Hypomagnesemia was determined to be a serum magnesium level <1.6 mg/dL. In addition, the following data were also obtained; patients' characteristics, anthropometric measurements, smoking status, HbA1c, co-morbidities, and therapeutic management. Results: Patients' mean age was 56.2 ±10.8 years, 24.6% were smokers, and most were overweight or obese. About 60% have a history of hypertension, and the majority have had diabetes for more than ten years. Their mean HbA1c level was 8.5±2. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 11% (95% CI: 8%-14.6%). It was found to be significantly higher among females (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.2%-5.8%), patients with HbA1c ≥ 8% (adjusted OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.1%-5.5%), and patients with a history of diabetic retinopathy (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.1%-7.1%). Conclusions: the study showed that hypomagnesemia is more prevalent in females and is associated with diabetic retinopathy and poor glycemic control. Having a sufficient magnesium level may be associated with better glycemic control and a reduced occurrence of complications.

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