Review: The Biggest Prison on Earth: A New Narrative of the History of the Occupied Territories, by Ilan Pappe

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Yesmine Koaik
Keyword(s):  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of

Collected Documents on the History of the Pskov Orthodox Mission: A Recent Publication

2018 ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
Veniamin F. Zima ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Underground Resistance ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Church ◽  
Insight Into

The reviewed work is devoted to a significant, and yet little-studied in both national and foreign scholarship, issue of the clergy interactions with German occupational authorities on the territory of the USSR in the days of the Great Patriotic War. It introduces into scientific use historically significant complex of documents (1941-1945) from the archive of the Office of the Metropolitan Sergius (Voskresensky) of Vilnius and Lithuania, patriarchal exarch in Latvia and Estonia, and also records from the investigatory records on charges against clergy and employees concerned in the activities of the Pskov Orthodox Mission (1944-1990). Documents included in the publication are stored in the archives of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Estonia, Lithuania, Leningrad, Novgorod, and Pskov regions. They allow some insight into nature, forms, and methods of the Nazi occupational regime policies in the conquered territories (including policies towards the Church). The documents capture religious policies of the Nazis and inner life of the exarchate, describe actual situation of population and clergy, management activities and counterinsurgency on the occupied territories. The documents bring to light connections between the exarchate and German counterintelligence and reveal the nature of political police work with informants. They capture the political mood of population and prisoners of war. There is information on participants of partisan movement and underground resistance, on communication net between the patriarchal exarchate in the Baltic states and the German counterintelligence. Reports and dispatches of the clergy in the pay of the Nazis addressed to the Metropolitan Sergius (Voskresensky) contain detailed activity reports. Investigatory records contain important biographical information and personal data on the collaborators. Most of the documents, being classified, have never been published before.

Curatorial Expeditions: The Ramallah Safari

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Sherwell
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Art Practices ◽  
The World ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

The last twenty-five years have witnessed significant transformation in the geopolitics of Palestinian art.[2] From the outset, we need to consider a definition of Palestinian art by recognizing that it is not art that is specifically created in one place, but that, owing to the history of dispossession and diaspora, Palestinian artists can be found all over the world. Therefore, Palestinian art necessarily starts from multiple sites of enunciation and is inevitably influenced by site and location. As Stuart Hall suggests, “identities are the names we give to the different ways we are positioned by, position ourselves within, the narratives of the past.”[3] For the purposes of this paper, I will mainly be focusing on the art of Palestinians from the Occupied Territories, while touching on the production of artists based in various other locations around the globe. I will first provide some context to the development of art practices, before specifically going on to speak about curatorial practices in relation to how the work of Palestinian artists is curated by international curators.

Palestine, the Third World, and the UN as Seen from a Special Commission

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Allen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Third World ◽  
Special Committee ◽  
Emancipatory Politics ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Global War ◽  
Palestinian Territory

This chapter examines the United Nations's engagement with Palestine through its Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Territories (“Special Committee”) in a broader Third World context of “global war against the forces of imperialism and neo-imperialism.” It first discusses the history of Palestinian commitment to UN special commissions as a means to the just resolution of the conflict with Israel before turning to the symbolic aspects of UN politics. It then provides a background on the UN Special Committee, whose stated mission was to investigate human rights violations in the Occupied Palestinian Territory. In particular, it considers the key challenges faced by the committee, such as the refusal of the government of Israel to cooperate with it. The chapter suggests that UN special commissions came and went in Palestine, but little progress was made in terms of an emancipatory politics.

scholarly journals Where Did All the Collaborators Go?

Slavic Review ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Dean
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Polish Population ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Postwar Europe ◽  
War Criminals ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collective Biography ◽  
Broad Understanding

Three historians comment on the articles. John Connelly considers the moral and historiographical meanings of "collaboration" and "collaborationism" and suggests that even those cases that Friedrich documents do not make Poland into a collaborationist country. In fact, the Nazis were disappointed that Poles refused to collaborate. Connelly emphasizes the complicated choices and intentions among the Polish population and calls for bringing together both the heroic (and true) tale of Polish resistance with the disturbing (and true) tale of Polish accommodation to the slaughter of the Jews. Tanja Penter adds to the discussion the results of her own research in the records of military tribunals for trials of Soviet citizens accused of collaborating with the Germans. These data confirm the Soviet regime's extremely broad understanding of collaboration and provide in-sight into the collective biography of collaborators. They also suggest which crimes the regime believed most harmful to its integrity. While it is difficult to determine motives and even intentions from these trials, these data, like Jones's, indicate the immense loyalty problem that the Soviet government faced in its occupied territories. Martin Dean calls attention to the difficulties of weeding out collaborators in the postwar Soviet Union and agrees with Jones on the limits of representing the "reality" of collaboration. He notes the reluctance, raised by both Friedrich and Jones, of postwar communist governments and nationalists to deal publicly with the phenomenon. Contrasted to the desire in postwar Europe to deal quickly with war criminals, collaborators, and traitors so that people could move on with their lives, Dean emphasizes the necessity and possibility for historians to write a full history of wartime collaboration, one that recognizes multiple human motives and the responses of hundreds of thousands of individuals who had to take far-reaching decisions under swiftly changing circumstances.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF BELARUSIAN PSYCHOLOGY IN 1920-1950 y.: HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL PRECONDITIONS. PART 1. PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF COMBAT ACTIVITY IN PARTISAN DETACHMENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-36
Author(s):  
С.Л. Кандыбович ◽  
Т.В. Разина
Keyword(s):  
Guerrilla Warfare ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Combat Activity ◽  
Psychological Features

Продолжено рассмотрение ситуации, сложившейся в белорусской психологии в период Великой Отечественной войны, и роль этого этапа истории в ее дальнейшем развитии. Представлен малоизученный факт использования житейских психологических знаний в организации и ведении партизанской войны. Показано, что специфика партизанской войны с необходимостью требовала от бойцов и командиров применения психологических знаний и умений. При этом, несмотря на отсутствие документов, официально подтверждающих наличие лиц со специальной психологической подготовкой в боевых партизанских соединениях, данные задачи выполнялись достаточно эффективно. К числу подобного рода задач и специфики партизанской борьбы относятся: психологические аспекты организации и координации деятельности партизанских отрядов, особенности командования в них, необходимость учета этнонациональных особенностей как противника, так и членов партизанских отрядов, особенности взаимодействия и коммуникации между гражданскими и военными лицами внутри партизанских отрядов, психологическая подготовка бойцов (наряду с профессиональными навыками) партизанских отрядов (воспитание мужества, стойкости, готовности и т.д.). Также значительное место в боевых действиях партизан занимало осуществление психологической войны в тылу врага и параллельное проведение идеологической и воспитательной работы среди населения оккупированных территорий при необходимости эффективного функционирования в длительной экстремальной ситуации и в ситуации неопределенности, развитие устойчивости к ней. Важной задачей являлся психологический отбор, в первую очередь связанный с необходимостью определения потенциальных предателей и оценки возможностей использования помощи местного населения и др. Таким образом, в истории белорусской психологии в период Великой Отечественной войны сложилась уникальная ситуация широкого использования житейских психологических знаний и их спонтанный переход на уровень прикладных. Тем не менее, прямого развития этой отрасли психологической науки после Великой Отечественной войны в белорусской психологии не произошло. The article continues to consider the situation in Belarusian psychology during the Great Patriotic War and the role of this stage in further development. The little-studied aspect is presented - the use of everyday psychological knowledge in the organization and conduct of guerrilla warfare. It is shown that the specifics of guerrilla warfare necessarily required fighters and commanders to apply psychological knowledge and skills. At the same time, despite the lack of documents officially confirming the presence of persons with special psychological training in combat guerrilla units, these tasks were performed quite effectively. Such tasks and specifics of guerrilla struggle include: psychological aspects of organization and coordination of guerrilla units, features of command in them, the need to take into account ethno-national characteristics of both the enemy and members of guerrilla units, features of interaction, communication within guerrilla units of civilians and military personnel; psychological training of fighters (along with professional skills) of guerrilla units (education of courage, perseverance, readiness, etc.). Also, a significant place in the guerrilla operations was occupied by the implementation of psychological warfare in the enemy's rear, parallel ideological and educational work among the population of the occupied territories, the need to function effectively in prolonged extreme situations and situations of uncertainty, development of resistance to it. An important task was psychological selection, primarily related to the need to identify potential traitors and the possibility of using the help of local people, etc. Thus, in the history of Belarusian psychology during the Great Patriotic War there was a unique situation of widespread use of psychological knowledge and their spontaneous transition to applied. Nevertheless, there was no direct development of this branch of psychological science in the Belarusian psychology after the Great Patriotic War.

Arab-Israeli Wars and US Foreign Relations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Anziska
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cold War

American policy toward the Arab-Israeli conflict has reflected dueling impulses at the heart of US-Middle East relations since World War II: growing support for Zionism and Israeli statehood on the one hand, the need for cheap oil resources and strong alliances with Arab states on the other, unfolding alongside the ebb and flow of concerns over Soviet influence in the region during the Cold War. These tensions have tracked with successive Arab–Israeli conflagrations, from the 1948 war through the international conflicts of 1967 and 1973, as well as shifting modes of intervention in Lebanon, and more recently, the Palestinian uprisings in the occupied territories and several wars on the Gaza Strip. US policy has been shaped by diverging priorities in domestic and foreign policy, a halting recognition of the need to tackle Palestinian national aspirations, and a burgeoning peace process which has drawn American diplomats into the position of mediating between the parties. Against the backdrop of regional upheaval, this long history of involvement continues into the 21st century as the unresolved conflict between Israel and the Arab world faces a host of new challenges.

A different sense of humanity: occupation in Francis Lieber's Code

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (885) ◽  
pp. 81-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rotem Giladi
Keyword(s):  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Way ◽  
Critical Reflections

AbstractAccounts narrating the history of the modern law of occupation display ambivalence to the 1863 Lieber Code. At times, they mark the humanity of its provisions on occupied territories; at others, they find its concept of humanity in occupation limited compared to subsequent developments. A broader reading of the Code against Lieber's published works, teaching, and correspondence reveals a unique – and disconcerting –sense of humanity pervading through its provisions. Lieber's different sense of humanity, not directed at individuals, throws light on the history of the law governing occupied territories today and paves the way for critical reflections on its conceptual bases.

scholarly journals The Stranger and Others: The Life and Legacy of the Japanese Ethnologist Oka Masao

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-91
Author(s):  
Brigitte Steger
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese Studies ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ethnic Policy ◽  
The University ◽  
The Stranger

Abstract Oka Masao (1898–1982) was a leading figure in the establishment of Japanese ethnology (cultural anthropology) since the 1930s and taught many of the next generation of ethnologists from Japan. He travelled to Vienna in 1929 to learn the methodology for studying the ethnogenesis of his own country, putting forward theories that questioned tennō-ideology of the time and became highly influential. During the war, he pushed for the establishment of an Ethnic Research Institute (Minken) to support the government in their ethnic policy in the occupied territories. Oka was also the founder of Japanese Studies at the University of Vienna in 1938. Despite these important—and at time controversial—roles, he is relatively unknown today. This article introduces recent scholarship on Oka’s life and legacy. It raises important questions about the role of ethnologists in politically sensitive times and counter-balances the Anglo-American narrative of the history of ethnology or social and cultural anthropology of Japan.

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