scholarly journals Sounding the “Spirit of My Silence”

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-124
Author(s):  
Natalie Farrell
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Liminal Space ◽  
Camera Lucida ◽  
Physical Action ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Musical Listening ◽  
Indie Rock

Sufjan Stevens’s 2015 album Carrie and Lowell threw indie rock fans into collective mourning with its sonic depiction of feeling so much to the point of experiencing an overwhelming affective nothingness. Written as an elegy for Stevens’s mother, the album performs Stevens’s loss by creating a static soundscape punctuated by moments of stark sonic absence. Some moments evoke the emotionally ineffable (rhythmic stutters between phrases), some occupy a sonically liminal space with white noise negating silence, and others are calls to physical action (flipping over the LP) that literally give the listen pause. This paper places an autoethnographic encounter with a Carrie and Lowell pre-release “silent listening party” in conversation with Roland Barthes’s theory of affect and grief as originally developed in Camera Lucida: A Note on Photography. This paper explores the possibility that Barthes’s theory offers an infrastructure for approaching affect and musical listening by highlighting the ways in which the individual functions as an affective archive, navigating culturally-coded and pre-cognitive physiological responses to aesthetic objects. Drawing upon Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis’s work on structured silences, this paper argues that moments of foregrounded silence in Carrie and Lowell provide musical analogies for Barthes’s punctum of time and death.

Digitalization efforts in liminal space – inter-organizational challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Eklinder Frick ◽  
Vincent Hocine Jean Fremont ◽  
Lars-Johan Åge ◽  
Aihie Osarenkhoe
Keyword(s):  
Liminal Space ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
Liminal Spaces ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Organizational Perspective ◽  
Separation Phase ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the benefits and drawbacks that strategically imposed liminality inflicts upon inter-organizational digitalization efforts within the different phases of its utilization. Design/methodology/approach This study empirically examines digitalization in a large multinational manufacturing company, Sandvik Machining Solutions, using data that were collected through interviews and a qualitative research design. Findings This study shows that a liminal space separated from the structures in which one is supposed to inflict changes increases the risk of developing an incompatible system that will be rejected in the incorporation phase. An inter-organizational perspective on liminality thus contributes to our understanding of the benefits and drawbacks that liminal space can pose for the organizations involved. Practical implications The study suggests that, in the separation phase, driving change processes by creating liminal spaces could be a way to loosen up rigid resource structures and circumvent network over-embeddedness. Finding the right amount of freedom, ambiguity and community within the liminal space is, however, essential for the transition of information as well as the incorporation of the imposed changes. Originality/value Introducing an inter-organizational perspective on liminality contributes to our understanding of the stress that liminal space can place on individuals as well as the individual organization.

Exploring soundscaping options for the cognitive environment in an open-plan office

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Young Lee ◽  
Elizabeth C Nelson ◽  
Mark J Flynn ◽  
Joshua S Jackman
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
Cognitive Environment ◽  
Performance Satisfaction ◽  
Acoustic Variation

A major source of noise complaints in open-plan offices has consistently been co-workers talking nearby or talking on the phone. Various masking sounds such as white noise and pink noise have been explored to reduce the intelligibility level of speech from adjacent co-workers in open-plan offices. Recently, nature soundscapes such as water, rainfall or birdsong have been introduced instead of conventional white or pink noises. Water sounds with limited acoustic variation have shown more effectiveness than nature sounds with high acoustic variation such as birdsong. This study examined four types of background sounds in a controlled lab environment that simulated a typical open-plan office in a large pharmaceutical company in the United Kingdom. The purpose was to understand cognitive performance, satisfaction and preference, and physiological responses among the four types of background sounds: no external acoustic noise, typical daily office noise, white noise and spring water sound. The study employed three methods: an assessment of cognitive performance to measure memory, distractibility and decision-making; a survey to understand subjective satisfaction and preference; and use of wearable devices to monitor physiological responses. Two different types of wearable devices were used: pulse oximeter and electrodermal activity sensor to compare physiological responses to the four types of sounds. This article discusses discrepancies found between participants’ satisfaction/preference and their cognitive performance under the four background sounds and potential future implications of masking sounds in open-plan offices.

scholarly journals Hot and bothered: effects of elevated Pco2 and temperature on juvenile freshwater mussels

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. R115-R127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. Jeffrey ◽  
Kelly D. Hannan ◽  
Caleb T. Hasler ◽  
Cory D. Suski
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Measured Exposure

Multiple environmental stressors may interact in complex ways to exceed or diminish the impacts of individual stressors. In the present study, the interactive effects of two ecologically relevant stressors [increased temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2)] were assessed for freshwater mussels, a group of organisms that are among the most sensitive and rapidly declining worldwide. The individual and combined effects of elevated temperature (22°C–34°C) and Pco2 (~230, 58,000 µatm) on juvenile Lampsilis siliquoidea were quantified over a 5- or 14-day period, during which physiological and whole animal responses were measured. Exposure to elevated temperature induced a series of physiological responses, including an increase in oxygen consumption rates following 5 days of exposure at 31°C and an increase in carbonic anhydrase ( ca) and heat shock protein 70 mRNA levels following 14 days of exposure at 28°C and 34°C, respectively. Treatment with elevated Pco2 activated acid-base regulatory responses including increases in CA and Na+-K+-ATPase activity and a novel mechanism for acid-base regulation during Pco2 exposure in freshwater mussels was proposed. Thermal and CO2 stressors also interacted such that responses to the thermal stressor were diminished in mussels exposed to elevated Pco2, resulting in the greatest level of mortality. Additionally, larger mussels were more likely to survive treatment with elevated Pco2 and/or temperature. Together, exposure to elevated Pco2 may compromise the ability of juvenile freshwater mussels to respond to additional stressors, such as increased temperatures, highlighting the importance of considering not only the individual but also the interactive effects of multiple environmental stressors.

HeartBit

2021 ◽  
pp. 475-487
Author(s):  
Rojin Vishkaie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
System Design ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Single Session ◽  
The Individual

Biometric heart-rate information is increasingly proliferating through simple wearable technology. However, this technology presents a need for contextual information to guide interpreting physiological responses in lower and higher levels of cognitive abilities. In this paper, the author introduces HeartBit, a sensor-based intervention used for non-obtrusive heart-rate observation of elementary age children within the creative and critical thinking contexts. The author describes the Sandbox as single-session workshop with individual children, the development of HeartBit, and results from Sandboxes with 35 K-1 students (ages 6 and 7). Findings reveal how children's in-situ levels of creativity and critical thinking were observed through an interplay of system design, heart-rate monitoring, and Bloom's Taxonomy educational learning objectives, and how this differed between the individual children.

Psychomotor Efficiency in Golf: The Role of Physiological Responses on Putting Performance

Biofeedback ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Edson Filho ◽  
André Aroni ◽  
Guilherme Bagni ◽  
Jean Rettig ◽  
Jodie Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Galvanic Skin Response ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Psychomotor Efficiency ◽  
The Individual

Putting is paramount to performance in golf and differentiates low and high achievers in the sport. In the present study, we compared the heart rate, respiration rate, and galvanic skin response for missed and holed putts performed by 13 skilled male golfers from a 12-ft (3.65-m) distance. Contrary to our expectations, no significant effects were observed for heart rate and respiration rate, likely because skilled athletes (a) engage in preperformance routines and are able to control their breathing rhythms, which in turn influence their heart rate; and (b) physiological responses are idiosyncratic, akin to the Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning framework. Congruent with our expectations, we observed a significant effect for galvanic skin response, with higher values observed for missed putts. This effect was robust to individual differences and suggests that biofeedback interventions aimed at enhancing awareness of autonomous physiological responses can be beneficial for performance enhancement in golf putting.

scholarly journals Building Up Steam: Gaze, Gateways, and Gays in Ferzan Özpetek’s "Hamam"

Oceánide ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Julia Szołtysek
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Third Space ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Liminal Space ◽  
Getting Lost ◽  
The Individual

In the present article, I wish to concentrate on what may be called “transgressive border-crossings” engaged in by the protagonists of Ferzan Özpetek’s Hamam in two poignant instances of “hamam spying”, which – though effected in different configurations, for different purposes, and with drastically different consequences – introduce positions of “uninitiated” novices kept outside looking in. What I intend to engage with is Istanbul as a “third space”; a liminal space looming as a challenge to the individual, instilling fear as much as unleashing temptation and a faint promise or threat of finding out and being found out, of revealing, taking in, laying bare, getting laid, getting lost. By looking at Francesco and Mehmet looking (from above) at unsuspecting women in the bagno, and Marta looking (from below) at Francesco and Mehmet looking at one another in the shelter of Francesco’s originally unwanted inherited hamam, I wish to investigate the implications of reversing the male gaze in what may seem as downright “queering” the hamam but what might just as well turn out to be a decolonisation of the space and an attempt at reclaiming it.

scholarly journals Conservation physiology for applied management of marine fish: an overview with perspectives on the role and value of telemetry

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1596) ◽  
pp. 1746-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Metcalfe ◽  
W. J. F. Le Quesne ◽  
W. W. L. Cheung ◽  
D. A. Righton
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Conservation Physiology ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Constructive Dialogue ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Conservation And Management

Physiological studies focus on the responses of cells, tissues and individuals to stressors, usually in laboratory situations. Conservation and management, on the other hand, focus on populations. The field of conservation physiology addresses the question of how abiotic drivers of physiological responses at the level of the individual alter requirements for successful conservation and management of populations. To achieve this, impacts of physiological effects at the individual level need to be scaled to impacts on population dynamics, which requires consideration of ecology. Successfully realizing the potential of conservation physiology requires interdisciplinary studies incorporating physiology and ecology, and requires that a constructive dialogue develops between these traditionally disparate fields. To encourage this dialogue, we consider the increasingly explicit incorporation of physiology into ecological models applied to marine fish conservation and management. Conservation physiology is further challenged as the physiology of an individual revealed under laboratory conditions is unlikely to reflect realized responses to the complex variable stressors to which it is exposed in the wild. Telemetry technology offers the capability to record an animal's behaviour while simultaneously recording environmental variables to which it is exposed. We consider how the emerging insights from telemetry can strengthen the incorporation of physiology into ecology.

Biosensors, Biofeedback, and Neurofeedback

2022 ◽  
pp. 303-320
Author(s):  
Pedro Monteiro ◽  
Diana Leal Tavares ◽  
Luís Mourão ◽  
Henri P. A. Nouws ◽  
Gisela Maia
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Brain Training ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Concise Information ◽  
The Individual

In this chapter, the authors write about the processes of biofeedback, giving an insight about the sensors that might be used, the overall concept of biofeedback, as well as the evidence regarding the effectiveness of neurofeedback for the treatment of mental disorders.The main goal is to provide those introducing to the biofeedback as a self-regulation technique, used now for more than 50 years, with concise information about the sensors that might be used to detect the most common measured responses, the main types of physiological biofeedback, and the state-of-the-art evidence about neurofeedback as a form of brain training for individuals with the most prevalent mental disorders. Biofeedback and neurofeedback are guided therapies that include a vast and rowing variety of methodologies aimed to return information to the individual, regarding the physiological functions of the organism itself, in order to enable the modification of those otherwise considered unconscious physiological responses, designed to improve the individual's health and wellness.

scholarly journals Asymmetric physiological response of a reef-building coral to pulsed versus continuous addition of inorganic nutrients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene M. van der Zande ◽  
Yannick R. Mulders ◽  
Dorothea Bender-Champ ◽  
Ove Hoegh-Guldberg ◽  
Sophie Dove
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Nutrient Effects ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Biological Sources ◽  
Coral Health ◽  
The Individual

AbstractCoral reefs, especially those located near-shore, are increasingly exposed to anthropogenic, eutrophic conditions that are often chronic. Yet, corals under unperturbed conditions may frequently receive natural and usually temporary nutrient supplementation through biological sources such as fishes. We compared physiological parameters indicative of long- and short-term coral health (day and night calcification, fragment surface area, productivity, energy reserves, and tissue stoichiometry) under continuous and temporary nutrient enrichment. The symbiotic coral Acropora intermedia was grown for 7 weeks under continuously elevated (press) levels of ammonium (14 µmol L−1) and phosphate (10 µmol L−1) as separate and combined treatments, to discern the individual and interactive nutrient effects. Another treatment exposed A. intermedia twice-daily to an ammonium and phosphate pulse of the same concentrations as the press treatments to simulate natural biotic supplementation. Press exposure to elevated ammonium or phosphate produced mixed effects on physiological responses, with little interaction between the nutrients in the combined treatment. Overall, corals under press exposure transitioned resources away from calcification. However, exposure to nutrient pulses often enhanced physiological responses. Our findings indicate that while continuous nutrient enrichment may pose a threat to coral health, episodic nutrient pulses that resemble natural nutrient supplementation may significantly benefit coral health and physiology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document