scholarly journals Pleasant Musical Imagery

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkki Huovinen ◽  
Kai Tuuri
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Musical Imagery ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Experiential Content

This article introduces the notion of pleasant musical imagery (PMI) for denoting everyday phenomena where people want to cherish music “in their heads.” This account differs from current paradigms for studying musical imagery in that it is not based a priori on (in)voluntariness of the experience. An empirical investigation of the structure and experiential content in 50 persons’ experiences of PMI applied the elicitation interview method. Peer judgments of the interviews helped to bridge a phenomenological investigation of particular experiences with systematic between-subjects analysis. Both structural features of the imagery (e.g., Looseness of structure or Looping) and content features of the imagery (e.g., Embodied evocativeness and Object-directedness) showed significant associations with participants’ individual characteristics, personality, and/or cognitive style. The approach taken suggests a new paradigm for studying musical imagery—one that is based on tracing the interactional and enactive processes of “inner listening.”

scholarly journals The Tantalus’ Torments of Transcendentalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Sergey Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Complete System ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Transcendental Philosophy ◽  
Critique Of Pure Reason ◽  
German Edition ◽  
Opus Postumum ◽  
Corporeal Nature

Kant’s manuscripts of 1796–1803, which the Academic German edition of his works combined in 21–22 volumes of under the invented by H. Vaihinger name ‘Opus postumum’, still attract the attention of researchers. Was there really a significant theoretical “gap” in the system of Kant's “critical”, transcendental philosophy, which built by 1790, needed to be filled, namely, to undertake a conceptual "transition" from the already constructed a priori metaphysics of corporeal nature (metaphysical principles of natural science) to experimental mathematical physics, to the entire scientific empirical investigation of nature? In the last years of his life Kant tried to solve a problem that was really decisive for the fate of transcendentalism, which he had already realized in ‘Critique of Pure Reason’ and concretized in ‘Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science’, however he found himself in a hopeless situation, which doomed him to the “Tantalus’ torments”. The problem that he was constantly thinking about necessarily arises in the system of transcendental philosophy, but has no solution in it. ‘Opus postumum’ is an important piece of evidence on the insurmountable difficulties faced by the attempt to “save” philosophy as a perfect and complete system of absolutely reliable, "apodictic" science, based on the idea of universal and necessary conditions for the experience possibility.

scholarly journals The effects of different factors influencing commuterline in Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dede Jajang Suyaman ◽  
Nelly Martini ◽  
Asep Muslihat ◽  
Rahmat Jaelani
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Individual Consumer ◽  
Factors Influencing

Commuterline plays an important role for transportation planning in Indonesia, and it is essential to learn more on how to motivate people to actively use this public transportation facility. This paper presents an empirical investigation to explore different factors influencing the use of this publica transportation facility. The proposed study develops a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 374 people who had good experience of using commuterline in their daily lives. The questionnaire is designed to learn the effects of environmental, individual, consumer resources and psychological factors. Using some statistical techniques, the study has determined that psychological factors are the most important elements influencing consumer behavior to use this public transportation followed by consumer resources, product knowledge and individual characteristics.

scholarly journals IX. On the structure and development of the liver

1849 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 109-137 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Interesting Paper ◽  
Biliary Ducts ◽  
And Function ◽  
Do So

In venturing to offer a second communication to the Royal Society respecting the structure of the liver, I feel the rather anxious to do so, that I may have an opportunity of correcting an error and supplying a deficiency which existed in my previous paper. In the following observations I purpose to present some account of the structure of the liver examined in the ascending series of animals, and also to describe the several stages of its evolution in the embryo; in this way I trust I may be able to exhibit the characteristic structural features of the organ as it exists in Man and the higher animals, and also to determine the true place which ought to be assigned to it in a classification of the various glandular organs occurring in the same. I am not aware that any detailed account of the structure of the liver has been recently published, except that by M. Natalis Guillot, which however, so far as I comprehend it, does not seem to be one that can be readily accepted; the idea that the minute biliary ducts and lymphatics originate together in a common net-work, is à priori improbable, and entirely opposed to conclusive evidence (as I think), which will be subsequently adduced. A very interesting paper on the structure and function of the liver has also appeared in the 4th volume of the Guy’s Hospital Reports, from the pen of Dr. Williams; to his labours I shall several times have occasion to refer, but it will be seen that I differ from him in several particulars, especially respecting the importance of the basement or limitary membrane.

Building Collaborative Ontologies

2015 ◽  
pp. 305-324
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Gavrilova ◽  
Irina A. Leshcheva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Knowledge Structure ◽  
Ontology Development ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Ontology Design ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Knowledge Structuring ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Graph Map

The chapter describes the research performed within the KOMET (Knowledge and cOntent structuring via METhods of collaborative ontology design) project, which was aimed at developing a new paradigm for knowledge structuring. By knowledge structure, the authors define the main domain concepts and relations between them in a form of graph, map, or diagram. The approach considers the specifics of individual cognitive style. Two stages of research have been completed: research into correlations between the expert's individual cognitive style and the peculiarities of expert's subject domain ontology development; and study of correlations between the expert's individual cognitive style and the group ontology design (including the design performed in groups consisting of experts either of similar or of different cognitive styles). The results of this work can be applied to organizing collaborative ontology design (especially for research and learning purposes), data structuring, and other group analytical work. Implications for practice are briefly delineated.

Radar Measurement of Rainfall with and without Polarimetry

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1929-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlton W. Ulbrich ◽  
David Atlas
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Tropical Ocean ◽  
Convective Storms ◽  
Toga Coare ◽  
Median Volume ◽  
Raindrop Size ◽  
Differential Reflectivity ◽  
R Relation

Abstract Raindrop size distributions (DSDs) for tropical convective storms are used to examine the relationships between the parameters of a gamma DSD, with special emphasis on their variation with the stage of the storm. Such a distinction has rarely been made before. Several storms from a variety of tropical locations are divided into storm stages according to the temporal dependence of their reflectivity factor Z, rainfall rate R, and median volume diameter D0. In most cases it is found that the DSD parameter D0 is approximately constant in time during the convective, or C, stage, which leads to a Z–R relation of the form Z = AR, that is, a linear relationship between Z and R. This finding implies the existence of equilibrium DSDs during the C stage. The convective stage is sometimes marked by pulsations in draft strength so that D0, R, and Z and associated values of the shape parameter μ decrease in a quasi-transition stage before increasing once more. Theoretical relations between the differential reflectivity ZDR and the ratio Z/R as functions of the DSD parameter μ are derived by assuming a gamma DSD and an accurate raindrop fall speed law. It is found that data derived from disdrometer observations lie along a μ = 5 isopleth for tropical continental C stages (Puerto Rico and Brazil) and along a μ = 12 isopleth for tropical maritime C stages [Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE)]. Small values of μ that occur in the weak updraft intervals do not impact the rainfall measurements because they correspond to relatively small R. The latter features imply that the measurement of rainfall for the convective stages can be performed with standard polarimetry involving only two measurables rather than three, provided knowledge of μ is available a priori. A new rain parameter diagram is presented in which isopleths of the generalized number concentration and D0 are superimposed on the Z–R plot. It is proposed that it is possible to estimate D0 from climatological and observable storm structural features, which, with Z, provide estimates of R. Such an approach is necessary for use with conventional radars until polarimetric radars are more widely available.

Kuwaiti Women at a Crossroads: Privileged Development and the Constraints of Ethnic Stratification

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Nga Longva
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
World War ◽  
Ethnic Stratification ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Traditional Norms

As elsewhere in the developing world, the Arabian peninsula has undergone sweeping changes since World War II, with the important difference that the process here has been blessed with unprecedented prosperity and not marred by economic difficulties. To say that the effects of modernization upon the local societies differ as a result from what can be observed in other countries would be to state the obvious. Yet, when it comes to understanding the position and status of contemporary women in the Arabian oil producing countries, prosperity and the particular circumstances around it are rarely considered as crucial variables. The women's situation often is evaluated, mainly if not exclusively, in light of the religious injunctions and traditional norms that govern the female condition in a Middle East that, by the same token, appears curiously monolithic and timeless. There seems to be an assumption that Arabian women are not part of the societies in which they live, and that, by virtue of some unique cultural principle, their condition remains unaffected by the vectors of change that have turned upside down all the other areas of life around them. Hence the general tendency to assess women's opportunities and constraints in terms of what the Qurʾan and Islamic tradition dictate, not in terms of secular and more immediate concerns they may share with the rest of the society. Aside from assuming a spurious dichotomy between the women and their societies, such an approach disregards the historical and material specificity of particular areas in the Muslim world. It also arbitrarily and a priori defines the character of the meeting between “Islamic tradition” and “modernity,” instead of leaving it open to empirical investigation.

Senior Managers and Executive Information Systems: Examining Linkages among Individual Characteristics, Attitudes, Computer Use, and Intentions

1995 ◽  
Vol 77 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1171-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Computer Training ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Executive Information Systems ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Demographic Survey ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The Relationship

Fifty executives were interviewed and completed a demographic survey and a measure of cognitive style. Accountants had more positive attitudes toward use of computers. The relationship between the extent of computer training in general and attitude was significant. Attitude was significantly linked to intentions but not to actual use.

Study shows how cognitive style and personality of leaders determine what they are good at

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-9
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intuitive Thinking ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The authors wanted to find out if they could establish a connection between the cognitive styles and also the personality traits of managers and the roles they were best at. Design/methodology/approach They tested a series of six hypotheses on 101 managers and senior managers in diverse leadership roles in India. The four major types of cognitive style were intuitive thinking (NT), sensing thinking (ST), intuitive feeling (NF) and sensing feeling (SF). Meanwhile, the Big Five personality traits were openness to experience (O), extraversion (E), consciousness (C), agreeableness (A), and neuroticism (N). Finally, the three categories of leadership roles were identity work, institutional work, and integrative work. Findings The data from 101 managers in diverse industries found that an “intuitive feeling” cognitive style is suitable for identity work, whereas an “intuitive thinking” style works well for integrative work. Meanwhile, “openness to experience” and “conscientiousness” are correlated positively with identity work. “Conscientiousness” was also the most important trait for managers doing institutional work, but “agreeableness” had a negative effect on both institutional and identity work. Originality/value The authors said that no previous researchers had measured the impact of personality and cognitive style on work types. They said it was important for organizations to make sure they found the right roles for their managers depending on their individual characteristics.

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