FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN SERUM DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE DETERMINED BY RADIOIMMUNOASSAY

1968 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin L. Taymor ◽  
Toshihiro Aono ◽  
Carolyn Pheteplace
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT The serum levels of FSH and LH were determined in 11 normal menstrual cycles by radioimmunoassay. The results of LH assay demonstrated a consistent pattern with a sharp 3 to 4 fold increase occurring on the average 13.9 days before the next menses. The changes in FSH levels during the cycle were neither as marked nor as consistent. Three distinct patterns seemed to emerge. However, the mean levels of FSH from the 11 cycles demonstrated a significant high level 12 days before, a low level 1 day before and another rise 1 day after the midcycle peak of LH.

ABSENCE OF INHIBITION BY HYPERPROLACTINAEMIA ON OVARIAN RESPONSE TO EXOGENOUS GONADOTROPHIN

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Aono ◽  
Motoi Yasuda ◽  
Takenori Shioji ◽  
Kunio Kondo ◽  
Keiichi Kurachi
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Injection Control ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT In order to assess the effect of hyperprolactinaemia on the ovarian response to exogenous gonadotrophin, serum oestrogen levels were determined in 6 normal females. Two hundred and twenty-five IU of human menopausal gonadotrophin (hMG) was im injected daily for 3 days from the 4th day of the menstrual cycle, and the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL) and oestradiol-17β were determined by radioimmunoassay daily for 7 days starting from the first day of injection (control cycle). After 2 months the same schedule was applied to the previous 6 subjects and in addition sulpiride 100 mg bid was given orally during the course of the study (sulpiride cycle). There was a significant increase in serum FSH and a decline in serum LH during hMG treatment in both groups. The mean (± se) serum levels of PRL in the sulpiride group increased gradually from 24.5 ± 3.8 ng/ml (1st day) to 56.2 ± 3.4 ng/ml (7th day). All these levels were significantly higher than those of the control group. The mean (± se) serum oestradiol increments by hMG stimulation in control and sulpiride groups showed a peak on the 5th day with respective levels of 757.2 ± 202.3 and 845.3 ± 263.3 pg/ml. No significant differences in the mean oestradiol increment were found between the two groups on any day. These results indicate that acute hyperprolactinaemia does not appear to induce ovarian refractoriness to exogenous gonadotrophin in normal cyclic women.

scholarly journals Gonadotropin Glycoforms Circulating in Women Using Progestins of the Levonorgestrel Family for Contraception

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Eriksson ◽  
Leif Wide
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Treatment Cycle ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Contraceptive Effect

Abstract Context The progestins of the levonorgestrel family are 13-ethylgonane progestins, commonly used for contraception in women. One contraceptive effect of these progestins is inhibition of ovulation, which may be a result of changes in gonadotropin glycosylation patterns. Gonadotropin glycoforms differ in number of glycans and bioactivity: more bioactive low-N-glycosylated glycoforms, diglycosylated luteinizing hormone (LHdi) and triglycosylated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSHtri), and less bioactive fully N-glycosylated glycoforms, LHtri and FSHtetra. Objective Characterize the glycosylation patterns on the circulating gonadotropin glycoforms in women using 13-ethylgonane progestins for contraception. Design, Subjects, Main Outcome Measures Serum samples, collected from 92 healthy women using 13-ethylgonane progestins for contraception, were included. Forty women used progestin-only continuously and 52 used progestins combined with ethinylestradiol (EE) for 3 weeks followed by a hormone-free week. Concentration, sulfonation, and sialylation of each glycoform were determined and compared with follicular phase values of normal menstrual cycles. Results The progestin-only group had significantly increased serum levels, decreased sulfonation, and increased sialylation of LHdi. The LHdi/FSHtri ratio was increased. The progestin+EE group had significantly decreased gonadotropin glycoform concentrations and decreased sialylation of FSHtri. The progestin+EE effect on sialylation of FSHtri occurred later during the treatment cycle in contrast to the effect on FSHtri concentration. Conclusions The 2 different progestin treatments induced different effects on the glycan synthesis and concentrations of more bioactive low-glycosylated gonadotropins. Progestin-only treatment increased sialylation and decreased sulfonation of LHdi molecules, contributing to sustained higher levels of bioactive LHdi molecules. Progestin+EE treatment decreased sialylation of FSHtri, contributing to a shorter half-life and decreased levels of bioactive FSHtri.

Inhibition of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and sex-steroid levels in men and women with a potent antagonist analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, Cetrorelix (SB-75)

1994 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gonzalez-Barcena ◽  
Manuel Vadillo Buenfil ◽  
Emilo Garcia Procel ◽  
Laura Guerra-Arguero ◽  
Imelda Cardenas Cornejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Potent Antagonist ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Gonzalez-Barcena D, Vadillo Buenfil M, Garcia Procel E, Guerra-Arguero L, Cardenas Cornejo I, Comaru-Schally AM, Schally AV. Inhibition of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and sex-steroid levels in men and women with a potent antagonist analog of LH-RH, Cetrorelix (SB-75). Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:286–92. ISSN 0804–4643 Cetrorelix (SB-75; [Ac-d-Nal(2)1, d-Phe(4Cl)2, d-Pal(3)3, d-Cit6, d-Ala10] luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)) is a new highly potent antagonist analog of LHRH containing the d-ureidoalkyl amino acid d-citrulline at position 6 and is free of allergenic effects. This study shows the inhibition of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release in normal men, postmenopausal women and patients with gonadal dysgenesis, using different doses and im, sc and iv routes of administration of SB-75. The mean serum levels of LH and FSH in normal men who received one single dose of 300 μg of SB-75 sc started to decline rapidly 1 h after its administration; the LH suppression was sustained for 14 h and that of FSH up to 24 h or longer as the samples were obtained only up to this time. The nadir for LH was reached at 14 h and that for FSH at 24 h or later after administration of the antagonist (p < 0.05). Serum levels of total and free testosterone decreased after the first hour and this inhibition was maintained for up to 14 h. The nadir for total testosterone was at 6 h and that for free testosterone was at 8 h (p < 0.001), corresponding to 56% and 60% of inhibition, respectively. In postmenopausal women, inhibition of the elevated basal serum LH and FSH levels occurred after a single injection of the antagonist analog SB-75 in doses of 75, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 μg using im, sc and iv routes of administration. The mean resting levels of serum LH and FSH showed a significant decrease for all doses and routes of administration of SB-75 (p < 0.01). Maximal inhibition was observed 6–12 h after administration. After administration of 300 μg of SB-75 sc every 12 h for 3 days, serum LH and FSH continued to be secreted but a marked decrease in the basal levels of both gonadotropins was observed. A fall in LH and FSH also was produced in patients with gonadal dysgenesis who were given 300 μg of SB-75. The nadir of serum LH was 61 ± 9.6% for the iv route and 58.5 ± 7.5% for the sc route (p < 0.01); for serum FSH it was 51 ± 7.5% and 48.5 ± 7.5% (p < 0.01), respectively, of the baseline levels. These results show that the antagonistic analog SB-75 is devoid of allergenic effects, extremely active in small doses and can be administered safely to humans. The development of sustained delivery systems for SB-75 should facilitate the clinical use of this powerful LHRH antagonist. David Gonzalez-Barcena, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico La Raza, Seris Y Zaachila, Col. La Raza, Mexico D.F.

Establishment of detailed reference values for luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, and progesterone during different phases of the menstrual cycle on the Abbott ARCHITECT® analyzer

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reto Stricker ◽  
Raphael Eberhart ◽  
Marie-Christine Chevailler ◽  
Frank A. Quinn ◽  
Paul Bischof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Abbott Architect ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

AbstractDuring a normal menstrual cycle, serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone can vary widely between cycles for the same woman, as well as between different woman. Reliable reference values based on the local population are important for correct interpretation of laboratory results. The purpose of our study was to determine detailed reference values for these hormones throughout the menstrual cycle using the Abbott ARCHITECT system. From 20 volunteers (age 20–36years) with normal cycles and no use of oral contraceptives, samples were taken every day during their cycle. Volunteers received three vaginal ultrasound examinations (days 10 and 13, and 1 or 2days after ovulation) to measure follicular and corpus luteum development. Hormone levels were measured using the corresponding ARCHITECT assay and were synchronized to the LH peak. Median, and 5th and 95th percentile values were determined for each day of the cycle, as well as for early follicular (days −15 to −6), late follicular (days −5 to −1), LH peak (day 0), early luteal (+1 to +4), mid-luteal (days +5 to +9), and late luteal (days +10 to +14) phases of the cycle. Based on our data, we were able to establish detailed reference values for LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone, which should aid in the interpretation of results for these reproductive hormones in a variety of circumstances.Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:883–7.

RESTORATION OF OESTROGEN POSITIVE FEEDBACK EFFECT ON LH RELEASE BY BROMOCRIPTINE IN HYPERPROLACTINAEMIC PATIENTS WITH GALACTORRHOEA-AMENORRHOEA

1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Aono ◽  
Akira Miyake ◽  
Takenori Shioji Motoi Yasuda ◽  
Koji Koike ◽  
Keiichi Kurachi
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lh Rh ◽  
Lh Releasing Hormone ◽  
Positive Feedback Effect

ABSTRACT Five mg of bromocriptine was administered for 3 weeks to 8 hyperprolactinaemic women with galactorrhoea-amernorrhoea, in whom the response of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to 100 μg of iv LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) had been evaluated. Twenty mg of conjugated oestrogen (Premarin®) was injected iv any day between the 10th and 12th day from the initiation of the treatment, and serum LH levels were serially determined for 120 h. Hyperresponse of LH with normal FSH response to LH-RH was observed in most patients. Bromocriptine treatment for 10 to 12 days significantly suppressed mean (± se) serum prolactin (PRL) levels from 65.1 ± 23.0 to 10.4 ± 2.0 ng/ml, while LH (12.6 ± 2.1 to 24.8 ± 5.9 mIU/ml) and oestradiol (40.1 ± 7.6 to 111.4 ± 20.8 pg/ml) levels increased significantly. Patients on bromocriptine treatment showed LH release with a peak at 48 h after the injection of Premarin. The mean per cent increases in LH were significantly higher than those in untreated patients with galactorrhoea-amenorrhoea between 32 and 96 h after the injection. The present results seem to suggest that the restoration of LH-releasing response to oestrogen following suppression of PRL by bromocriptine may play an important role in induction of ovulation in hyperprolactinaemic patients with galactorrhoea-amenorrhoea.

CHANGES IN SERUM LEVELS OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE SHORTLY BEFORE AND AFTER PARTURITION IN RATS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Mori ◽  
Hiroshi Nagasawa ◽  
Reiko Yanai ◽  
Junji Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Average Serum ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The sequence of changes in the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from 2 days before to 24 h after parturition of primiparous Sprague-Dawley rats was investigated by radioimmunoassay. No appreciable change in average serum FSH levels was observed during 2 days before and 1 h after parturition. After this the levels increased gradually to show a peak at 7 h after parturition and then declined gradually until 24 h after parturition. However, the level at 24 h after parturition was still twice as high as that at parturition (0 h). The average serum LH levels which were low between 2 days before and 1 h after parturition, showed a peak at 7 h and decreased toward 13 h after parturition. The same levels as at parturition were maintained between 13 and 24 h after parturition. The time of surge of either FSH or LH was closely related to the time after parturition. There were some differences between FSH and LH in the patterns of sequence of changes in the serum levels near parturition.

scholarly journals Effects of l-Carnitine on the Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, and Testicular Tissue Oxidative Stress Levels in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1879605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourollah Rezaei ◽  
Tahereh Mardanshahi ◽  
Majid Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ◽  
Saeed Abedian ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant property of l-carnitine (LC) on serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (TH) and testis oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into the following groups: group I, control; group II, LC 100 mg/kg/d; group III, diabetic; and groups IV to VI, diabetic rats treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/d of LC, respectively. Daily injections were given intraperitoneally for 7 weeks. At the end of experimental period, after sacrificing the rats, FSH, LH, TH, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), mitochondrial function (MTT), protein carbonyl (PC), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured. STZ caused an elevation of MDA, ROS, and PC ( P < .001) with reduction of GSH, CAT, TAC, and MTT ( P < .001) in the serum levels. Group VI had significantly increased FSH, LH, and TH levels versus the untreated diabetic group ( P < .001). Although groups V and VI significantly decreased MDA ( P < .001), PC ( P < .01), and ROS ( P < .01) compared with the untreated diabetic group; only in group VI, the activity of GSH ( P < .001), CAT ( P < .01), TAC ( P < .001), and MTT ( P < .001) significantly increased. The results of the present study suggest that LC decreased diabetes-induced oxidative stress complications and also improved serum level of FSH, LH, and TH by reducing levels of lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzymes.

APC resistance during the normal menstrual cycle

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1246-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Silveira ◽  
Stella Thomassen ◽  
Jacob Odeberg ◽  
Anders Hamsten ◽  
Jan Rosing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Apc Resistance ◽  
Exogenous Estrogen ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Estradiol Concentration

SummaryIncreased serum levels of endogenous as well as exogenous estrogen are regarded to be responsible for acquired activated protein C (APC) resistance. It was the objective of this study to evaluate whether the physiological increase in serum estradiol concentration during the normal menstrual cycle affects the individual’s sensitivity to APC. Seventy-two women with normal menstrual cycles were included in the study. Blood samples for analysis of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and APC resistance were drawn at two time points of the menstrual cycle (day 3–5 and day 22–25). Two methods of measuring APC resistance were used: the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-based assay and the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP)-based APC resistance test. Independent of the method used, no changes in APC resistance were found, even though the E2 concentration increased significantly between the two menstrual phases. No correlations between E2 levels and APC resistance, P4 levels and APC resistance or changes in E2 concentrations and changes in APC resistance were detected. Ten women were carriers of the factor VLeiden mutation. Their baseline APC resistance was increased, but their response to elevated E2 during the menstrual cycle did not differ from that of non-carriers. In conclusion, our observations suggest that physiological differences in serum levels of estradiol and progesterone between the early follicular and the luteal phase in a normal menstrual cycle do not have any significant impact on the individual’s sensitivity to APC.

LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH) AND PROGESTERONE IN PLASMA AND LH AND OESTROGENS IN URINE DURING 42 NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLES

1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elof D. B. Johansson ◽  
Leif Wide ◽  
Carl Gemzell
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Peak

ABSTRACT The plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone and the urinary excretion of LH and oestrogens were measured during the normal menstrual cycle of 22 young and healthy women. A total of 42 cycles were investigated. The urinary excretion of total oestrogens increased during several days before the rise of LH in the urine. The day of maximum excretion of LH and total oestrogens coincided during the midcycle period. The mid-cyclic rise in LH was found to occur on the same day in the plasma and urine and the days of maximum values coincided in 11 out of 16 cycles. In 5 cycles the maximum level was reached one day later in the urine. The plasma levels of progesterone started to increase during the LH and oestrogen peaks. The days for maximum levels of progesterone coincided with the second peak of urinary oestrogens. The levels of progesterone in the plasma reached values above 10 ng per ml in all normal cycles. The plasma levels of progesterone were below 1 ng per ml plasma when menstrual bleeding started. The length of the luteal phase was 14.4 ± 1.1 (s) days. The sum of daily urinary excretion of total oestrogens and the sum of the daily plasma progesterone levels varied within 15 per cent of the mean in five out of six women studied during more than two cycles. The variation in values for the sums of daily oestrogen excretion and plasma progesterone levels was considerably larger between menstrual cycles of different women than between menstrual cycles of the same woman.

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