scholarly journals Modulation of the gut microbiome: a systematic review of the effect of bariatric surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Guo ◽  
Zhi-Ping Huang ◽  
Chao-Qian Liu ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Yuan Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Microbial Groups ◽  
Host Metabolism

Objective Bariatric surgery is recommended for patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recent evidence suggested a strong connection between gut microbiota and bariatric surgery. Design Systematic review. Methods The PubMed and OVID EMBASE were used, and articles concerning bariatric surgery and gut microbiota were screened. The main outcome measures were alterations of gut microbiota after bariatric surgery and correlations between gut microbiota and host metabolism. We applied the system of evidence level to evaluate the alteration of microbiota. Modulation of short-chain fatty acid and gut genetic content was also investigated. Results Totally 12 animal experiments and 9 clinical studies were included. Based on strong evidence, 4 phyla (Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria) increased after surgery; within the phylum Firmicutes, Lactobacillales and Enterococcus increased; and within the phylum Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriales Enterobacteriaceae and several genera and species increased. Decreased microbial groups were Firmicutes, Clostridiales, Clostridiaceae, Blautia and Dorea. However, the change in microbial diversity is still under debate. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Lactobacillus and Coprococcus comes are implicated in many of the outcomes, including body composition and glucose homeostasis. Conclusions There is strong evidence to support a considerable alteration of the gut microbiome after bariatric surgery. Deeper investigations are required to confirm the mechanisms that link the gut microbiome and metabolic alterations in human metabolism.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiome and their metabolic impact: New frontier

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Dipendra Raj Pandeya
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Gut Microbes ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
To Come ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Host Metabolism

It has been shown that the dysbiosis of gut microbes may lead to obesity and other health complications. A combination of microbial sequencing and animal experiments may provide further insights into how the gut microbiota affects host metabolism and physiology and will aid in the diagnosis of microbiome related diseases and could potentially provide new means to prevent disease onset or to improve prognosis. The field of gut microbiome is rapidly developing and we expect that it will continue in the same pace in the years to come and the outcomes will help us to keep our life healthy.Ann. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2016:2(2); 1-3

scholarly journals Gut microbiota influence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Cunningham ◽  
J. W. Stephens ◽  
D. A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Altered Glucose

AbstractA strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota, and is clearly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Understanding the causal association between gut microbiota and metabolic risk has the potential role of identifying susceptible individuals to allow early targeted intervention.

An alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin modulates gut microbiome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Mateo-Gallego ◽  
Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽  
Ana M. Bea ◽  
Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado ◽  
Antonio J. Fumanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Resistant Dextrin ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

An alcohol-free beer including the substitution of regular carbohydrates for low doses of isomaltulose and maltodextrin within meals significantly impacts gut microbiota in diabetic subjects with overweight or obesity.

scholarly journals Bariatric Surgery for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with BMI <30 kg/m2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0132335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attit Baskota ◽  
Sheyu Li ◽  
Niharika Dhakal ◽  
Guanjian Liu ◽  
Haoming Tian
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals The Effects of Almonds on Gut Microbiota, Glycometabolism, and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3377
Author(s):  
Omorogieva Ojo ◽  
Xiao-Hua Wang ◽  
Osarhumwese Osaretin Ojo ◽  
Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose

The use of nutritional interventions for managing diabetes is one of the effective strategies aimed at reducing the global prevalence of the condition, which is on the rise. Almonds are the most consumed tree nut and they are known to be rich sources of protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, essential minerals, and dietary fibre. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of almonds on gut microbiota, glycometabolism, and inflammatory parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). EBSCOhost, which encompasses the Health Sciences Research Databases; Google Scholar; EMBASE; and the reference lists of articles were searched based on population, intervention, control, outcome, and study (PICOS) framework. Searches were carried out from database inception until 1 August 2021 based on medical subject headings (MesH) and synonyms. The meta-analysis was carried out with the Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software. Results: Nine randomised studies were included in the systematic review and eight were used for the meta-analysis. The results would suggest that almond-based diets have significant effects in promoting the growth of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing gut microbiota. Furthermore, the meta-analysis showed that almond-based diets were effective in significantly lowering (p < 0.05) glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and body mass index (BMI) in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it was also found that the effects of almonds were not significant (p > 0.05) in relation to fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and Tumour necrosis factor α, TNF-α), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA–IR), and fasting insulin. The biological mechanisms responsible for the outcomes observed in this review in relation to reduction in HbA1c and BMI may be based on the nutrient composition of almonds and the biological effects, including the high fibre content and the low glycaemic index profile. Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis have shown that almond-based diets may be effective in promoting short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and lowering glycated haemoglobin and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with control. However, the effects of almonds were not significant (p > 0.05) with respect to fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and TNF-α), GLP-1, HOMA–IR, and fasting insulin.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome, Aging, and Longevity: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3759
Author(s):  
Varsha D. Badal ◽  
Eleonora D. Vaccariello ◽  
Emily R. Murray ◽  
Kasey E. Yu ◽  
Rob Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Functional Pathways

Aging is determined by complex interactions among genetic and environmental factors. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome lies at the core of many age-associated changes, including immune system dysregulation and susceptibility to diseases. The gut microbiota undergoes extensive changes across the lifespan, and age-related processes may influence the gut microbiota and its related metabolic alterations. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current literature on aging-associated alterations in diversity, composition, and functional features of the gut microbiota. We identified 27 empirical human studies of normal and successful aging suitable for inclusion. Alpha diversity of microbial taxa, functional pathways, and metabolites was higher in older adults, particularly among the oldest-old adults, compared to younger individuals. Beta diversity distances significantly differed across various developmental stages and were different even between oldest-old and younger-old adults. Differences in taxonomic composition and functional potential varied across studies, but Akkermansia was most consistently reported to be relatively more abundant with aging, whereas Faecalibacterium, Bacteroidaceae, and Lachnospiraceae were relatively reduced. Older adults have reduced pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid synthesis; however, oldest-old adults exhibited functional differences that distinguished their microbiota from that of young-old adults, such as greater potential for short-chain fatty acid production and increased butyrate derivatives. Although a definitive interpretation is limited by the cross-sectional design of published reports, we integrated findings of microbial composition and downstream functional pathways and metabolites, offering possible explanations regarding age-related processes.

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