Thyroid cytotoxic antibodies in atrophic and goitrous autoimmune thyroiditis

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Bogner ◽  
Laszlo Hegedüs ◽  
Jens Molholm Hansen ◽  
Reinhard Finke ◽  
Horst Schleusener
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Confidence Limit ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis ◽  
Lymphocytic Thyroiditis ◽  
Cytotoxic Antibodies ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies ◽  
Blocking Antibodies

Bogner U, Hegedüs L, Hansen JM, Finke R, Schleusener H. Thyroid cytotoxic antibodies in atrophic and goitrous autoimmune thyroiditis. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:69–74. ISSN 0804–4643 It is unknown whether in chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis the goitrous (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) and atrophic forms (primary myxedema) are variants of the same disease or different pathogenic entities. Conventional thyroid-related autoimmune parameters are unable to separate both diseases serologically. It is assumed that cellular and humoral cytotoxic events induce gland atrophy and thus should be detectable more often in non-goitrous than goitrous autoimmune thyroiditis. We determined antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in 67 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, using a 51chromium-release assay against human thyroid cells. Thyroid volume had been measured by ultrasonography. Other thyroid-specific antibodies, like TSH binding-inhibiting antibodies, TSH function-blocking antibodies, thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies, were determined. Cytotoxic antibody activity was 20.5% (median, range 0–54.5%) in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and 8.3% (median, range 0–18.4%) in controls (p < 0.0001). Analysis of cytotoxicity regarding thyroid size showed a high incidence of cytotoxic antibodies in atrophic disease (median thyroid volume 6 ml), where cytotoxic antibodies were detectable in 80% versus 39% (x2 = 9.6; p < 0.0001) in goitrous disease (median thyroid volume 36 ml). The specific lysis of 30% (median; 95% confidence limit 23.9–32.9) in non-goitrous thyroiditis patients was significantly higher than in goitrous patients (16.9%; 95% confidence limit 13.2–20.4) (p = 0.0006). Prevalence of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies were equally distributed in both groups, with slightly higher levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies in goitrous thyroiditis (p < 0.05). Both TSH binding-inhibiting and TSH function-blocking antibodies were rarely positive in either atrophic or goitrous disease. Our study shows for the first time a striking association of thyroid cytotoxic antibodies with the atrophic variant of autoimmune thyroiditis. We suggest that the occurrence of cytotoxic antibodies in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is the decisive event that favors the development of the atrophic rather than goitrous form of the disease. Ulrich Bogner, Thyroid Research Unit, Freie Universität Berlin, Kurfürstenstr. 126, 10785 Berlin, Germany

Expression of TIGIT and FCRL3 is Altered in T Cells from Patients with Distinct Patterns of Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (05) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Štefanić ◽  
Stana Tokić ◽  
Mirjana Suver-Stević ◽  
Ljubica Glavaš-Obrovac
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Abstract Background Co-inhibitory receptors (IR), such as TIGIT and FCRL3, provide a checkpoint against highly destructive immune responses. Co-expression of TIGIT and FCRL3, in particular, has been linked to the HELIOS+ subset of regulatory CD4+FOXP3+T-cells. Of these, CD4+FOXP3-exon(E)2+ cells have higher expression of IR and exhibit strongest suppressive properties. Nevertheless, how the expression of TIGIT, FCRL3, HELIOS, and FOXP3E2 is regulated in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), is not known. Methods Thirty patients with AT [encompassing spontaneously euthyroid (euAT), hypothyroid-untreated and L-thyroxine-treated cases)] and 10 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. FCRL3, TIGIT, HELIOS and FOXP3E2 mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood (PB) T cells were measured via quantitative real-time PCR and compared to clinicopathological factors. Results The TIGIT and FCRL3 expression levels from T cells of AT cases were inversely related to the thyroid volume, and were significantly increased in hypothyroid patients (on+off L-thyroxine), but not euAT cases. The FCRL3 expression in PB T cells positively correlated with thyroid-peroxidase autoantibody levels; by contrast, T cells from aged AT patients and combined samples (AT+HC) accumulated more TIGIT mRNA. The patients with higher TIGIT mRNA levels had a greater prevalence of hypothyroidism, showing higher peak thyrotropin levels at diagnosis or at follow-up. Conclusions Multiple IR, namely FCRL3 and TIGIT, but not the transcription factors HELIOS and FOXP3E2, showed increased mRNA levels in PB T cells from end-stage, long-standing and/or more aggressive AT, in proportion to disease severity. A relation with major clinical subphenotypes was observed, thereby identifying IR as potentially important players in AT.

scholarly journals Increase of Circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 Associated with Euthyroid or Subclinically Hypothyroid Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1859-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Antonelli ◽  
Silvia Martina Ferrari ◽  
Silvia Frascerra ◽  
Andrea Di Domenicantonio ◽  
Andrea Nicolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

Context: Recently, CXCL9 and CXCL11 have been shown to be involved in autoimmune thyroid disorders; however, no data are present about CXCL9 and CXCL11 circulating levels in thyroid autoimmunity. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Design and Patients or Other Participants: Serum CXCL9 and CXCL11 have been measured in 141 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AIT (AIT-p), 70 euthyroid controls, and 35 patients with nontoxic multinodular thyroid. The three groups were similar in gender distribution and age; among the AIT-p, 26% had subclinical hypothyroidism. Results: Serum CXCL9 and CXCL11 levels were significantly (P &lt; 0.0001 for both) higher in AIT-p (143 ± 164 and 121 ± 63 pg/ml, respectively) than in controls (68 ± 37 and 65 ± 19 pg/ml, respectively) or patients with multinodular thyroid (87 ± 43 and 71 ± 20 pg/ml, respectively). Among AIT-p, CXCL9 and CXCL11 levels were significantly higher in patients older than 50 yr or those with a hypoechoic ultrasonographic pattern or with hypothyroidism. In a multiple linear regression model including age, thyroid volume, hypoechogenicity, hypervascularity, TSH, anti-thyroglobulin, and anti-thyroid peroxidase, only age and TSH were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) related to serum CXCL9 or CXCL11 levels. In a multiple linear regression model of CXCL9 vs. age, TSH, and CXCL11, TSH (P = 0.032) and CXCL11 (P = 0.001) were significantly and independently related to CXCL9. Conclusions: We first show that circulating CXCL9 and CXCL11 are increased in patients with thyroiditis and hypothyroidism and are related to each other. These results underline the importance of a Th1 immune attack in the initiation of AIT.

scholarly journals Expression of Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors-Genes in Patients with Different Forms of Thyroid Pathology in Ukrainian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Kamyshna ◽  
Aleksandr Kamyshnyi
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽  
Peripheral White Blood Cells

Abstract Multiple susceptibility genes can be involved in the development of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Some of these genes are implicated in other autoimmune diseases, while others are specific to thyroid autoimmune response. 153 patients with thyroid pathology were enrolled in the study (152 women and 1 man, the average age was 46,02±14,3). They were divided into 3 groups: 16 patients with postoperative hypothyroidism; 65 patients with hypothyroidism resulting from autoimmune thyroiditis, and 72 patients with both AIT and elevated serum an anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies. We used a pathway-specific real-time Polymerase chain reaction array to identify and verify cytokines and receptor pathway-associated gene expression in peripheral white blood cells in randomly selected 12 individuals from each group. In the patients with postoperative hypothyroidism and those with hypothyroidism resulting from autoimmune thyroiditis, the expression of Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) receptor 1, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4, Interleukin 6, and Interleukin 6 receptor significantly decreased, while the expression of IL6ST and IL10RA increased. In contrast, mRNA levels of Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) receptor 1, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4, Interleukin 6, and Interleukin 6 receptor increased in the autoimmune thyroiditis patients with elevated serum anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies, while the expression of Interleukin 6 signal transducer and Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha decreased in this group of patients. The patients with hypothyroidism resulting from autoimmune thyroiditis and patients with elevated serum anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies had significantly lowered expression of Interleukin 10, while the expression of Interleukin 1, beta and Interleukin 1 receptor, type I was elevated. autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism affect the mRNA-level expression of cytokines and cytokine receptor genes in a gene-specific manner, and these changes to gene expression can be among the triggers of autoimmune inflammation progression in the thyroid gland. Transcriptional activity of cytokines, inducer, and receptor genes in the peripheral white blood cells can be used as an important minimally invasive prognostic marker of the autoimmune thyroid disease severity.

scholarly journals The End-Diastolic Velocity of Thyroid Arteries Is Strongly Correlated with the Peak Systolic Velocity and Gland Volume in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Danilo Bianchini Höfling ◽  
Suemi Marui ◽  
Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel ◽  
Giovanni Guido Cerri ◽  
Maria Cristina Chammas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Peripheral Blood Flow ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Diastolic Velocity

Background. The end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of thyroid arteries reflects peripheral blood flow resistance.Objective. The aim was to evaluate EDV correlations with other Doppler sonography parameters and with clinical and biochemical variables in a sample of patients with hypothyroidism caused by chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT).Methods. A sample of 48 CAT hypothyroid patients receiving treatment with stable doses of levothyroxine was selected. The participants underwent clinical evaluation and measurement of serum thyrotropin (TSH), total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxine (T4), free T4, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin antibodies (anti-Tg) and Doppler sonography.Results. The EDV of the inferior thyroid arteries (ITA-EDV) was strongly and positively correlated with the peak systolic velocity of the inferior thyroid arteries (ITA-PSV,r=0.919), thyroid volume (r=0.711), and thyroid visual vascularization pattern (TVP,r=0.687). There was no correlation between ITA-EDV and the clinical variables, hormones, anti-TPO, or anti-Tg.Conclusion. The strong correlation of ITA-EDV with ITA-PSV, TVP, and volume suggests that increased vascularization in CAT may be associated with a reduction in thyroid blood flow resistance, possibly due to an angiogenesis-induced increase in the total vascular cross-sectional area of the parenchyma.

scholarly journals Spontaneous (Hashimoto-like) chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis in a rhesus macaque (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Roland Plesker ◽  
Gudrun Hintereder
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Macaque ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Lymphocytic Thyroiditis ◽  
Large Round ◽  
Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Abstract. A case of a female, 10-year-old rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with spontaneous chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is presented. At necropsy, the thyroid gland was slightly enlarged, with up to 2 mm large, round, confluent, beige foci on the surface of both lobes. Histopathologic features resembled human Hashimoto's thyroiditis: multifocally, the interstitium was infiltrated by lymphocytes and variably sized lymphoid follicles. In the pituitary gland, there were increased numbers of large, basophilic cells throughout the adenohypophysis. Using a human electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), no autoantibodies against thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, or thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor were detected.

scholarly journals Increase of interferon-γ inducible α chemokine CXCL10 but not β chemokine CCL2 serum levels in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

2005 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Antonelli ◽  
Mario Rotondi ◽  
Poupak Fallahi ◽  
Paola Romagnani ◽  
Silvia Martina Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Objective: To measure serum levels of CXCL10 and CCL2 prototype chemokines of the two major subclass (CXC and CC) in patients with newly diagnosed chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), and relate the findings to the clinical phenotype. Design and methods: Serum CXCL10 and CCL2 were assayed in 70 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed chronic AT, in sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers (n = 37) and in 20 patients with non-toxic multinodular goiter, extracted from a random sample of the general population from the same geographic area. Results: CXCL10 serum levels were significantly higher in patients with thyroiditis than in controls or multinodular goiter patients, while comparable CCL2 levels were found between groups. CXCL10 levels were significantly increased in hypothyroid patients and in those with an hypoechoic pattern (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.0001, respectively) while serum CCL2 levels were significantly increased in patients older than 50 years and in those with hypothyroidism (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.03, respectively). No correlation between CXCL10 and CCL2 serum levels could be demonstrated. CXCL10 and CCL2 were studied separately in relation to clinical features of AT patients. Two separate multiple linear regression models for CXCL10 and CCL2 were performed, including age, thyroid volume, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), FT4, anti-thyroid peroxidase (AbTPO), hypoechoic pattern, and the presence of hypervascularity, demonstrating that ln of serum CXCL10 levels was associated with TSH independently of other possible confounders levels [regression coefficient (R.C.) 0.143 confidence interval (C.I.) (0.042–0.245); P = 0.0059], while serum CCL2 were significantly associated only with age [R.C. 5.412 C.I. (3.838–6.986); P < 0.0001]. Conclusion: Our results, obtained in a large cohort of newly diagnosed AT patients demonstrate increased CXCL10 especially in hypothyroid patients with a more aggressive disorder, and normal CCL2 serum levels in AT.

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