scholarly journals Effect of a 4 week physical training program on plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance

2006 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Oberbach ◽  
Anke Tönjes ◽  
Nora Klöting ◽  
Mathias Fasshauer ◽  
Jürgen Kratzsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Objective: Subclinical chronic inflammation could be a unifying factor linking type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerosis. The beneficial effects of physical activity on a reduced risk of coronary heart disease could at least in part be mediated by improved markers of inflammation. Research design and methods: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 4 weeks of physical training on plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin and IL-10 in 60 individuals with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or T2D. Results: In patients with IGT and T2D, significant improvement in body fat, fitness level, glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity after 4 weeks of physical training was associated with significantly improved plasma concentrations of adiponectin and CRP, but not IL-6. Regression analysis demonstrated only for the anti-inflammatory parameters adiponectin and IL-10 a significant relationship with the decrease in fasting plasma glucose, whereas changes in IL-6 and CRP were not significantly related to changes in fasting plasma glucose, body fat, maximal oxygen uptake, or insulin sensitivity. In a multivariate linear regression analysis, only changes in circulating adiponectin, fasting plasma glucose and percentage body fat were determinants of changes in insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Physical training was associated with a near normalization of adiponectin and CRP plasma concentrations in subjects with IGT and T2D. Increased insulin sensitivity after training was most strongly related to changes in adiponectin plasma concentrations, in fasting plasma glucose and percentage body fat, whereas changes in IL-6, IL-10 and CRP plasma concentrations did not significantly contribute to improved insulin sensitivity.

scholarly journals Insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance improve in patients with acromegaly converted from depot octreotide to pegvisomant

2003 ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
WM Drake ◽  
SV Rowles ◽  
ME Roberts ◽  
FK Fode ◽  
GM Besser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Median Dose ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Igf I

AIM AND METHOD: Insulin resistance leading, in some cases, to glucose intolerance is an important contributory factor to the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with acromegaly. The aim of this study was to document changes in insulin sensitivity (IS) in a group of seven patients with acromegaly (three male, four female, mean+/-s.d. age 59+/-13 Years) treated initially with a stable dose of depot octreotide (OT; median dose 30 mg four times weekly, range 10-30 mg) for a median of 18 Months (range 16-19 Months) and who were then transferred to treatment with pegvisomant (median dose 15 mg daily, range 10-20 mg) for a median of 8 Months (range 7-9 Months). IS was assessed by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) using fasting glucose and insulin concentrations and by a short insulin tolerance test (sITT). Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Mean+/-s.d. serum IGF-I concentrations during therapy with OT and with pegvisomant were not statistically different (283+/-119 ng/ml on OT vs 191+/-39 ng/ml on pegvisomant (P=0.4)). However, mean+/-s.d. fasting plasma glucose fell from 6.2+/-1.0 mmol/l on OT to 5.2+/-0.6 mmol/l on pegvisomant (P=0.017) and was lower on pegvisomant in all seven patients. In four patients, fasting plasma glucose fell from values diagnostic of diabetes mellitus or impaired fasting glucose on OT to within the normal range on pegvisomant. Mean+/-s.d. peripheral IS (by sITT) increased from 139+/-39 micromol/l per min on OT to 169+/-59 micromol/l per min on pegvisomant (P=0.037). Mean+/-s.d. IS (by HOMA %S) was unchanged over the course of the study (149.1+/-43.7% on OT vs 139.9+/-76.6% on pegvisomant, P=0.28). Mean+/-s.d. pancreatic beta-cell secretory function (HOMA %B) improved significantly on pegvisomant compared with OT (49.4+/-19.2% vs 82.4+/-43.5%, P=0.01). No statistically significant change in total fat (P=0.3), % fat (P=0.28) or circulating non-esterified fatty acids (P=0.35) was observed. CONCLUSIONS: IS and glucose tolerance improved in patients converted from OT therapy to pegvisomant, without a change in body composition and even when serum IGF-I concentrations remained equally well controlled. This may be an important factor in the choice of medical therapy for patients with acromegaly.

P4663Hyperinsulinemia, hypertension and two clusters of biomarkers predict aortic stenosis in 10,144 Finnish men

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ojanen ◽  
R Jauhiainen ◽  
J Vangipurapu ◽  
T Kuulasmaa ◽  
J Kuusisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Abstract BACKROUND Recent studies show that hypertension predicts aortic stenosis (AS). Other predictors of AS are not established. Purpose To investigate a large panel of biomarkers as predictors of AS in the population-based METSIM cohort. Methods Anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers were measured at baseline in the cohort of 10,197 Finnish men. Subjects with AS at baseline (n=53) were excluded from the analyses. Cases of AS were identified from the medical records. Cox regression analysis was used to identify variables predicting AS. Principal components analysis was applied to investigate clustering of variables predicting AS. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the clusters of biomarkers as predictors of AS. Results Over a mean follow-up time of 10.8 years, incident AS was diagnosed in 116 (1.1%) men. In Cox regression analysis, fasting plasma insulin (9.8±12.8 in men without AS vs. 14.5±18.2 mU/l in men with incident AS; P=6.13 x 10–6) and systolic blood pressure (138.2±16.7 vs. 146.3±19.4 mmHg; P=3.8 x 10–7) were associated with higher risk of AS (HR 1.44 (95% CI 1.23–1.68); P=4.04 x 10–5 and HR 1.54 (1.30–1.83); P=3.01 x 10–7, respectively). Other biomarkers, which significantly predicted AS were age, body mass index, waist, waist/hip ratio, body fat mass percentage, urine albumin, CRP, blood GHbA1C, fasting plasma glucose and proinsulin, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 30 min plasma insulin and proinsulin, OGTT 120 min plasma insulin and proinsulin, and serum C-peptide. Glucose tolerance (ADA 2003), and insulin resistance and insulin secretion indices based on HOMA were significant predictors of AS. After adjusting for age, the same biomarkers except for OGTT 120 min plasma proinsulin, blood GHbA1C and fasting plasma glucose significantly predicted AS. After exclusion of diabetic subjects, all biomarkers mentioned above except for GHbA1C, fasting plasma glucose and glucose tolerance predicted AS in unadjusted Cox models. Two clusters of risk factors were found in principal components analysis, one consisting of fasting plasma insulin, HOMA insulin resistance index, waist/hip ratio, GHbA1c and CRP, and another consisting of age, systolic blood pressure and urine albumin, explaining 38.33 and 15.37% of the total variance, respectively. In univariate logistic regression analysis both clusters predicted AS (HR 1.35 (1.15–1.59); P=2.47 x 10–4 and HR 1.73 (1.46–2.04); P=1.53 x 10–10, respectively), and were statistically significant when entered in the multivariate model (HR 1.30 (1.11–1.52); P=1.01 x 10–3 and HR 1.69 (1.43–1.99); P=5.84 x 10–10, respectively). Conclusion In the present large-scale population-based study, several biomarkers, particularly hyperinsulinemia and systolic blood pressure, predicted AS. In addition, two clusters of biomarkers, one with high loading on insulin and another on systolic blood pressure, independently predicted AS. Acknowledgement/Funding Kuopio University Hospital ja Academy of Finland

scholarly journals Effect of Thunbergia laurifolia Herbal Tea on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Volunteers: A Single-Arm Phase I Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lukana Preechasuk ◽  
Pravit Akarasereenont ◽  
Ranida Boonrak ◽  
Onusa Thamsermsang ◽  
Busadee Pratumvinit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Herbal Tea ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Thunbergia Laurifolia

Background. Thunbergia laurifolia (TL) is a commonly used herbal medicine in Thailand and in other Asian countries. TL has been approved as a Thai traditional medicine for detoxifying poisons, and the list of possible adverse effects includes hypoglycemia. TL showed hypoglycemic effect in animals possibly due to antioxidant effect and beta-cell preservation. However, the safety of TL herbal tea and its effects on glucose homeostasis have never been investigated in humans. Methods. Twenty healthy volunteers (10 men and 10 women) drank TL herbal tea 3 times/day for 2 weeks. Ten subjects took TL herbal tea 9 grams daily. After the safety of TL herbal tea was established, 10 more subjects took TL 12 grams daily. Clinical and biochemical tests were assessed at baseline and at 2 weeks. Results. Mean age was 34.9 ± 10.2 years, and mean body mass index was 27.5 ± 5.8 kg/m2. Baseline and posttreatment plasma concentrations were as follows: fasting plasma glucose (89 ± 6 vs. 89 ± 7 mg/dL), fructosamine (213 ± 32 vs. 212 ± 33 μmol/L), fasting insulin (8.8 [IQR: 5.9–18.4] vs. 10.4 [IQR: 7.4–15.2] μU/mL), HOMA-B (101.6 [IQR: 82.3–189.8] vs. 120.4 [IQR: 93.2–153.2]), and HOMA-IR (1.1 [IQR: 0.8–2.3] vs. 1.4 [IQR: 0.9–2.0]), all respectively. There were no significant changes in these parameters, including body weight, blood pressure, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein. No serious adverse events were observed during the study period. Conclusions. TL herbal tea at doses of 9 and 12 grams daily had good tolerability without any significant adverse effects on fasting plasma glucose level or other glucose homeostasis parameters measured.

Longevity-associated mitochondrial DNA 5178 C/A polymorphism is associated with fasting plasma glucose levels and glucose tolerance in Japanese men

Mitochondrion ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akatsuki Kokaze ◽  
Mamoru Ishikawa ◽  
Naomi Matsunaga ◽  
Masao Yoshida ◽  
Ryuji Makita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fasting Plasma

scholarly journals Antidepressant medication use and trajectories of fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, β-cell function and insulin sensitivity: a 9-year longitudinal study of the D.E.S.I.R. cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1927-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Azevedo Da Silva ◽  
Aline Dugravot ◽  
Beverley Balkau ◽  
Ronan Roussel ◽  
Frédéric Fumeron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Abstract Background : Use of antidepressants is seen to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We examined whether antidepressant use was associated with change in fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), β-cell function (HOMA2-%B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) over time. Methods : Participants in the French D.E.S.I.R. cohort study included over 4700 men (48.1%) and women, free of diabetes, aged 30–65 years at baseline in 1994–96 (D.E.S.I.R. 0), who were followed for 9 years at 3-yearly intervals (D.E.S.I.R. 3, 1997–99; 6, 2000–02; 9, 2003–05). Antidepressant use, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-%S were assessed concurrently at four medical examinations. Linear mixed models were used to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of time-dependent antidepressant use with changes in these four biological parameters. Results : Mean fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c increased whereas HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-%S decreased over the follow-up. In a fully adjusted model, there were no differences in: mean fasting plasma glucose ( β  = 0.01 mmol/l, P  = 0.702); HbA1c ( β  = 0.01 %, P  = 0.738); HOMA2-%B ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.812); or HOMA2-%S ( β  =−0.01, P  = 0.791) at baseline (1994–96) between antidepressant users and non-users. The interaction term with time also suggested no differences in the annual change in: fasting plasma glucose ( β  = 0.00 mmol/l, P  = 0.322); HbA1c ( β  = 0.00 %, P  = 0.496); HOMA2-%B ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.609); or HOMA2-%S ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.332) between antidepressant users and non-users. Similar associations were observed in analyses of type and cumulative use of antidepressants over follow-up. Conclusion : Our longitudinal data show that use of antidepressants is not associated with altered glucose metabolism, suggesting that the association between antidepressant use and diabetes reported by previous studies may not be causal. Detection bias or clinical ascertainment bias may account for much of this apparent association.

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