Dependency between vitamin D3 and serum titers of the thyroid autoantibodies in smoking cigarettes patients with Graves' disease - one year follow-up - preliminary study

Abstract. During a 4 year period 19 women with post-partum onset of thyroid dysfunction have been seen in our clinic. Five women had high radioiodine uptake thyrotoxicosis (Graves' disease). Twelve women had hypothyroid symptoms starting within 3–6 months of delivery. All of these women had thyroid microsomal and/or cytoplasmic autoantibodies and thyroid lymphocytic infiltration suggesting aggravation of pre-existing subclinical autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease). At follow-up thyroid function gradually improved in all but signs of persistent thyroid hypofunction remained in seven. Thus women developing symptomatic postpartum hypothyroidism should be followed regularly and when thyroxine treatment is commenced in the post-partum period, it has to be continued indefinitely in many cases. Two women presented with transient low radioiodine uptake thyrotoxicosis and a small painless goitre. Thyroid cytology revealed thyroiditis but they had no thyroid autoantibodies. When followed after a succeeding delivery none of these women developed post-partum thyroid dysfunction in contrast to women in the autoimmune group. Probably the aetiology of thyroid dysfunction in these 2 women was different.

Download Full-text

Methimazole-Induced Remission Rates in Pediatric Graves’ Disease: a Systematic Review

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-21-0077 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jelmer M van Lieshout ◽

Christiaan F Mooij ◽

A. S Paul van Trotsenburg ◽

Nitash Zwaveling-Soonawala

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Treatment Duration ◽

Remission Rate ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

Remission Rates ◽

One Year ◽

Treat Analysis

Objective: Comparison of studies on remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease is complicated by lack of uniformity in treatment protocols, remission definition, and follow-up duration. We performed a systematic review on remission rates in pediatric Graves’ disease and attempted to create uniformity by recalculating remission rates based on an intention-to-treat analysis. Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched in August 2020 for studies on patients with Graves’ disease (i) 2 to 18 years of age, (ii) initially treated with methimazole or carbimazole for at least 18 months, (iii) with a follow-up duration of at least one year after cessation of methimazole or carbimazole. All reported remission rates were recalculated using an intention-to-treat analysis. Results: Of 1,890 articles, 29 articles consisting of 24 patient cohorts, were included with a total of 3,057 patients (82.6% female). Methimazole or carbimazole was initially prescribed in 2,864 patients (93.7%). Recalculation based on intention-to-treat analysis resulted in an overall remission rate of 28.8% (829/2,880). Pooled remission rates based on treatment duration were 23.7%, 31.0%, 43.7%, and 75% after respectively 1.5-2.5 years, 2.5-5 years, 5-6 years (two studies), and 9 years (single study) treatment duration. Occurrence of adverse events was 419 in 2,377 patients (17.6%), with major side effects in 25 patients (1.1%). Conclusions: Using a standardized calculation the overall remission rate in methimazole treated pediatric GD is 28.8%. A few small studies indicate that longer treatment increases the remission rate. However, evidence is limited and further research is necessary to investigate the efficacy of longer treatment durations.

Download Full-text

CTLA-4 polymorphisms (+49 A/G and -318 C/T) are important genetic determinants of AITD susceptibility and predisposition to high levels of thyroid autoantibodies in Polish children - preliminary study.

Acta Biochimica Polonica ◽

10.18388/abp.2013_2034 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dorota Pastuszak-Lewandoska ◽

Daria Domańska ◽

Magdalena Rudzińska ◽

Artur Bossowski ◽

Anna Kucharska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocyte ◽

Genomic Dna ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Thyroid Autoantibodies ◽

Genetic Determinants ◽

Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽

Autoimmune Thyroid ◽

Preliminary Study

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), including Hashimoto' s thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD), are related to environmental and genetic factors. We analyzed the association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene two polymorphisms (+49 A/G, -318 C/T) with HT and GD development in Polish children, and correlated both polymorphisms with the production of thyroid autoantibodies (TPOAb and TgAb). The study involved 49 AITD patients (age 10-19) with HT (n=25) or GD (n=24) and 69 healthy controls. SNP genotyping was performed using genomic DNA and TaqMan® probes. The obtained results indicated that CTLA-4 +49 GG genotype was significantly more frequent in both HT and GD patients, whereas the AA genotype was more common in controls. CTLA-4-318 CT genotype was significantly more frequent in AITD, and the CC genotype more often occurred in controls. Significantly higher median TPOAb and TgAb values were associated with G allele in HT, and with T allele in GD patients. Concluding, both studied polymorphisms seem to be important genetic determinants of the risk of HT and GD, and appear to be associated with a predisposition to high levels of TAbs and clinical AITD. The obtained results give more information on the distribution of the CTLA-4 polymorphism in Polish AITD children, and further support the proposal that the CTLA-4 gene plays an important role in a TAb production.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of an Experimental Treatment for Problem Drivers

Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ◽

10.1177/001872087802000414 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 489-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jon C. Prothero

Keyword(s):

Experimental Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Record Data ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

New Treatment ◽

One Year ◽

Hearing Officers ◽

Experimental Group

This preliminary study compared the effectiveness of a new treatment for problem drivers with the National Safety Council's Defensive Driving Course (DDC) and a control group. Hearing officers from four large Florida cities randomly assigned 432 problem drivers, whose licenses had been suspended, to three groups. Safety officers from each of the four locations taught both the experimental course and the DDC. Pretests and posttests on driving knowlege and attitudes were administered to the three groups. Driving record data of the 358 subjects who completed treatment were used to help identify long-term effectiveness of the treatments. Although there was no significant improvements between the groups in driving knowledge or in attitudes after treatment, the experimental group had a greater reduction than the DDC group and a significantly greater reduction than the control group in traffic law violations and collisions during a one year follow-up period. A larger investigation of the effectiveness of the experimental course is recommended.

Download Full-text

Low-Dose Radioiodine Given Six-Monthly in Graves' Disease

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine ◽

10.1177/014107688507801103 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 78 (11) ◽

pp. 893-898 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P J Hoskin ◽

V R McCready ◽

C L Harmer ◽

G S Spathis ◽

D O Cosgrove

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Low Dose ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Yearly Incidence ◽

Low Incidence ◽

One Year ◽

Hyperthyroid Patients

Experience using low-dose radioiodine given six-monthly instead of yearly in hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease is reported. One hundred and thirty-five patients have been treated over a three-year period with 74 MBq (2 mCi) doses of 131I. Thirty-eight percent were controlled with a single dose. Those patients requiring more than one dose were treated with a further 74 MBq (2 mCi) 131I at six-monthly intervals until euthyroid. Using this approach, 46% were euthyroid one year after starting treatment, and 75% were euthyroid at two years. The incidence of hypothyroidism following treatment was 2.2% at one year, with a yearly incidence thereafter of 4–6%. Six-monthly scheduling of low-dose radioiodine in Graves' disease can reduce the time taken to become euthyroid, compared with conventional yearly low-dose treatments. Further follow up is required to confirm the present low incidence of hypothyroidism following treatment.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Diagnostic Strategies for Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia Using Ultrasound Scan and Gene Testing: A Preliminary Study in Wu Han, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1089413/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wanlu Liu ◽

Jing Cao ◽

Xinwei Shi ◽

Yuqi Li ◽

Fuyuan Qiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Diagnosis ◽

Skeletal Dysplasia ◽

Genetic Diagnosis ◽

Gene Variants ◽

Sonographic Examination ◽

Gene Testing ◽

Whole Exome ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

One Year

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to deliver prenatal diagnosis through sonographic examination and gene variation testing, and to evaluate the outcome of applied strategies in prenatal diagnosisMethods: From September 2015 to April 2021, the study investigated 24 cases with suspected short long bones, which were obtained from the prenatal diagnosis center of Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The likely pathogenic gene variants were analyzed by multiple approaches (including karyotype analysis, copy number variations and whole exome sequencing) and further determined with the accuracy of the prenatal diagnosis for fetal skeletal dysplasia through one year follow-up survey. Results: ① We found fetal skeletal dysplasia or malformation in 8 cases (account for 33.3%) before 24 weeks of gestation and in the rest cases after 30 weeks of gestation. ② Out of 24 cases, likely pathogenic gene variants in FGFR3, FBN2, COL1A2, CUL7 and DYNC2H1 were detected for 6 cases; genetic variants in FGFR3, IMPAD1 and GORAB as possibly lethal mutations were identified in other 6 cases; and gene variants in WNT1, FBN1, OBSL1, COL1A1, DYNC2H1 and NEK1, known as Variant of Undetermined Significance (VUS), were found in 4 cases. The rest 8 cases showed undetectable mutation in the whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis.③ A genetic diagnosis determined 12 different skeletal dysplasia genotypes in 14/24 (58.3%) cases. The other 10 cases with wild type gene (41.7%) were normal and well developed in one-year follow-up survey after study.Conclusion: Features of fatal skeletal dysplasia can be identified in utero using fetal ultrasound and gene testing. Sonographic examination combining with genetic diagnosis showed advance in prenatal diagnosis in the preliminary study and the applied strategy could be used to help with improving the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis for fetal skeletal dysplasia.

Download Full-text

One-year follow up of auditory performance in post-lingually deafened adults implanted with the Neurelec Digisonic® SP/Saphyr® Neo cochlear implant system

Audiology Research ◽

10.4081/audiores.2015.139 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Déborah Borger ◽

Geneviève Lina-Granade ◽

Stéphanie Verneyre ◽

Hung Thai-Van ◽

Sonia Saaï ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Speech Perception ◽

Cochlear Implant ◽

Auditory Performance ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

One Year ◽

Implant System ◽

Technological Improvements ◽

Sound Processor ◽

Made In

This study aimed to quantify outcomes in a group of patients who were implanted with an Oticon Medical Neurelec (Vallauris, France) cochlear implant system, the Digisonic® SP/Saphyr® Neo. Ten participants took part in this preliminary study. Their speech perception capacities were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12-months after cochlear implant activation and compared to pre-implantation scores and to scores observed with former versions of the sound processor. Compared to former versions of the sound processor, patients using the Saphyr® Neo processor obtained better speech perception scores for sentences in silence at each tests session (3 months: 79%, 6 months: 82% and 12 months: 94%) compared to Digisonic® users (respectively: 58%, 69% and 75%) and Convex sound processor users (resp. 39%, 59% and 51%). These observations confirm that the technological improvements made in the Saphyr® Neo sound processor coupled with the Digisonic® implant, provided quantifiable benefits in speech perception in Quiet compared to former versions of the processor Convex and Digisonic® SP.

Download Full-text

Hydrocephalus Surgery in Touba City (Senegal): 0% infection Preliminary study about 20 cases

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.2.0603 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 315-323

Author(s):

Wague Daouda ◽

CISSE Mouhamet Abdoulaye ◽

Sarr Ndeye Ndoumbe ◽

Thioub Mbaye ◽

Mbaye Maguette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽

Standard Technique ◽

Shunt Insertion ◽

Brain Ct Scan ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Common Sign ◽

One Year ◽

Consultation Time

Introduction: Infection is the most common complication encountered after ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The AIMS of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy with protocol in the prevention of post-operative infections after ventriculoperitoneal shunt in our city. Patients and methods: We retrospectively study 20 hydrocephalus cases in one year. They were operated through the classic VP Shunt insertion technique and with the protocol adopted for shunt implantation. They received antibiotic therapy for ten days. Results: In one year we operated 95 patients,20 (21%) cases were hydrocephalus. There were 7 males et 13 females (ratio:0,53) . The age of patients ranged from 15 days to 12 years and the average age was 13,5 months. The average consultation time was 5,6 weeks. Clinically the most common sign were anterior fontanelle tense (100%) , macrocrania (60%) ,vomiting (80%) and sunset eye sign (80%) . Brain CT-scan was performed in all patient,66% of patients had Transfontanelle Ultrasonography and anyone hadn’t performed MRI. All cases underwent surgical treatment. only ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed and the standard technique protocol to minimize infection was done during surgery. All of them received ceftriaxone 100mg/kg/day for five days then oral relay by thiamphenicol 50mg/Kg/day for five days. The follow up was good no infection was found (0%). Conclusion: Establishing an aseptic protocol for the shunt is essential to reduce the rate of postoperative infections. This result becomes better when we make a combination of antibiotic therapy and protocol. We can achieve infection rates to zero or less than 1% in case of association

Download Full-text