The critical role of uterine CD31 as a post-progesterone signal in early pregnancy

CD31 has been shown to play a role in endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis, which are critical to the formation and function of the endometrium and myometrium in uterine development during early pregnancy. However, the role of CD31 in uterine receptivity during blastocyst implantation is poorly understood. The pregnancy rate in CD31−/− female mice mated with CD31+/+ male mice was higher than that observed in CD31+/+ female mice mated with CD31+/+ male mice. During the receptive phase of implantation, uterine glands were more developed in CD31−/− mice than in CD31+/+ mice, and the uterine weights of CD31−/− mice were increased. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was highly expressed in the CD31−/− mice during implantation and the expression of LIF was up-regulated by estradiol-17β (E2) + progesterone (P4) in ovariectomized CD31−/− mice, compared with CD31+/+ mice at 8 h after hormone treatment. E2-induced protein synthesis was inhibited by P4 in the CD31+/+ uterus, but not in the uterus of CD31−/− mice. Also, STAT3, HAND2, LIF, and mTOR signals were enhanced in CD31−/− mice. Stromal DNA replication was highly activated in the uterus of CD31−/− mice, manifested by upregulated cyclin series signaling and PCNA expression after E2 + P4treatment. Collectively, CD31 inhibits E2-mediated epithelial proliferation via recruitment and phosphorylation of SHP-2 upon receiving P4signal in early pregnancy.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Critical role of cyclophilin A and its prolyl-peptidyl isomerase activity in the structure and function of the hepatitis C virus replication complex.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1162955.623591 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Teresa Compton

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Replication ◽

Critical Role ◽

Cyclophilin A ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Replication Complex ◽

Isomerase Activity ◽

And Function

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Role of Platelet-Activating Factor in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology

Physiological Reviews ◽

10.1152/physrev.2000.80.4.1669 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 1669-1699 ◽

Cited By ~ 245

Author(s):

Giuseppe Montrucchio ◽

Giuseppe Alloatti ◽

Giovanni Camussi

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular System ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Critical Role ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Platelet Activating Factor ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Endothelial Cell Migration

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid mediator that belongs to a family of biologically active, structurally related alkyl phosphoglycerides. PAF acts via a specific receptor that is coupled with a G protein, which activates a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. In this review we focus on the aspects that are more relevant for the cell biology of the cardiovascular system. The in vitro studies provided evidence for a role of PAF both as intercellular and intracellular messenger involved in cell-to-cell communication. In the cardiovascular system, PAF may have a role in embryogenesis because it stimulates endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis and may affect cardiac function because it exhibits mechanical and electrophysiological actions on cardiomyocytes. Moreover, PAF may contribute to modulation of blood pressure mainly by affecting the renal vascular circulation. In pathological conditions, PAF has been involved in the hypotension and cardiac dysfunctions occurring in various cardiovascular stress situations such as cardiac anaphylaxis and hemorrhagic, traumatic, and septic shock syndromes. In addition, experimental studies indicate that PAF has a critical role in the development of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Indeed, PAF cooperates in the recruitment of leukocytes in inflamed tissue by promoting adhesion to the endothelium and extravascular transmigration of leukocytes. The finding that human heart can produce PAF, expresses PAF receptor, and is sensitive to the negative inotropic action of PAF suggests that this mediator may have a role also in human cardiovascular pathophysiology.

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A Review on Role of Macro and Micro Banking Environment on Non-Performing Assets Management

Behavioral Finance and Decision-Making Models - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-7399-9.ch016 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 281-294

Author(s):

Biswajit Prasad Chhatoi ◽

Sharada Prasad Sahoo

Keyword(s):

Critical Role ◽

Banking System ◽

Financial Assets ◽

Policy Changes ◽

Public And Private ◽

Private Banks ◽

Specific Factors ◽

And Function ◽

Asset Creation

In a self-resilient economy, banking system assumes importance in imparting momentum to economic growth and prosperity through mobilization of financial assets. Performance of banks, irrespective of their nature and function, is germane to their asset creation and maintenance capacity. In a neo-liberal regime, radical policy changes have crept into loan mechanism, thereby subjecting the banks to efficiently recover the loans, which is a vital asset for any banking firm. In this context, the authors through intensive review of literature identified micro and macro banking factors responsible for productive NPA management. The macro banking factors refer to the economic environment whereas the micro banking factors refer to the bank and branch-specific factors. The authors identified the critical role of organizational structure, involvement of employees, and organizational efficiency in driving prudent NPA management. The authors have found that the efficiency in managing NPAs differ in public and private banks, which is attributed to involvement of employees.

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Critical role of TLR4 in uncovering the increased rewarding effects of cocaine and ethanol induced by social defeat in male mice

Neuropharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108368 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 182 ◽

pp. 108368

Author(s):

S. Montagud-Romero ◽

M.D. Reguilón ◽

M. Pascual ◽

M.C. Blanco-Gandía ◽

C. Guerri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Critical Role ◽

Social Defeat ◽

Male Mice

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Critical role of histone H3 lysine 27 demethylase Kdm6b in the homeostasis and function of medullary thymic epithelial cells

Cell Death and Differentiation ◽

10.1038/s41418-020-0546-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 2843-2855

Author(s):

Zhi Liu ◽

Haohao Zhang ◽

Yiming Hu ◽

Dandan Liu ◽

Lingling Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Critical Role ◽

Histone H3 ◽

Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽

Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽

And Function

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The role of the cerebellum in creativity and expert stone knapping

Adaptive Behavior ◽

10.1177/1059712320966462 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 105971232096646

Author(s):

Frederick L Coolidge

Keyword(s):

Critical Role ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Stone Tool ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Engagement Theory ◽

Motor Movements ◽

And Function ◽

The Mind ◽

Stone Knapping

The purpose of this article is to review the evolution and function of the cerebellum, particularly in regard to its role in creativity and expert stone knapping. First, the article reviews the history of the cerebellum, its evolution and phylogenetics, and its concerted evolution with various brain regions. It also notes the critical role of the cerebellum and the cerebro-cerebellar network in its traditionally recognized control of gross and fine motor movements and in its exaptation for basic and higher level cognitive processes, particularly in regard to increasingly more sophisticated stone knapping. Also, reviewed are various theories, advanced over the past three decades, of how the cerebellum tweaks and refines thoughts, images, and ideas just as it refines and smooths motor movements. Baddeley’s working memory model is also prominently featured, as are the works of Ito, Vandervert, and others on the cerebellum’s role in novel problem-solving, insight, and creativity. Finally, this article reviews two “Cognitive Rubicons” in stone tool knapping, Theory of Mind and stone knapping, and Malafouris’ Material Engagement Theory. The article concludes with a novel hypothesis that the automaticity provided by the cerebellum derived from extensive practice in stone knapping may have freed Baddeley’s central executive from its attentional demands and allows the mind to “wander and wonder.”

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Sex-specific effects of microbiome perturbations on cerebral Aβ amyloidosis and microglia phenotypes

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20182386 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 216 (7) ◽

pp. 1542-1560 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Hemraj B. Dodiya ◽

Thomas Kuntz ◽

Shabana M. Shaik ◽

Caroline Baufeld ◽

Jeffrey Leibowitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiome ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Male Mice ◽

Female Mice ◽

Antibiotic Cocktail ◽

Specific Effects ◽

Plaque Pathology ◽

Microglial Morphology

We demonstrated that an antibiotic cocktail (ABX)-perturbed gut microbiome is associated with reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque pathology and astrogliosis in the male amyloid precursor protein (APP)SWE/presenilin 1 (PS1)ΔE9 transgenic model of Aβ amyloidosis. We now show that in an independent, aggressive APPSWE/PS1L166P (APPPS1-21) mouse model of Aβ amyloidosis, an ABX-perturbed gut microbiome is associated with a reduction in Aβ pathology and alterations in microglial morphology, thus establishing the generality of the phenomenon. Most importantly, these latter alterations occur only in brains of male mice, not in the brains of female mice. Furthermore, ABX treatment lead to alterations in levels of selected microglial expressed transcripts indicative of the “M0” homeostatic state in male but not in female mice. Finally, we found that transplants of fecal microbiota from age-matched APPPS1-21 male mice into ABX-treated APPPS1-21 male restores the gut microbiome and partially restores Aβ pathology and microglial morphology, thus demonstrating a causal role of the microbiome in the modulation of Aβ amyloidosis and microglial physiology in mouse models of Aβ amyloidosis.

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Female mice respond to male ultrasonic ‘songs’ with approach behaviour

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2009.0317 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 589-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 130

Author(s):

K. Hammerschmidt ◽

K. Radyushkin ◽

H. Ehrenreich ◽

J. Fischer

Keyword(s):

Male Mouse ◽

Experimental Situation ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽

Male Mice ◽

Playback Experiments ◽

Female Mice ◽

And Function ◽

Female Responses ◽

Artificial Control

The ultrasonic vocalizations of mice are attracting increasing attention, because they have been recognized as an informative readout in genetically modified strains. In addition, the observation that male mice produce elaborate sequences of ultrasonic vocalizations (‘song’) when exposed to female mice or their scents has sparked a debate as to whether these sounds are—in terms of their structure and function—analogous to bird song. We conducted playback experiments with cycling female mice to explore the function of male mouse songs. Using a place preference design, we show that these vocalizations elicited approach behaviour in females. In contrast, the playback of whistle-like artificial control sounds did not evoke approach responses. Surprisingly, the females also did not respond to pup isolation calls. In addition, female responses did not vary in relation to reproductive cycle, i.e. whether they were in oestrus or not. Furthermore, our data revealed a rapid habituation of subjects to the experimental situation, which stands in stark contrast to other species' responses to courtship vocalizations. Nevertheless, our results clearly demonstrate that male mouse songs elicit females' interest.

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