Mathematical modelling of membrane reactors: overview of strategies and applications for the modelling of a hydrogen-selective membrane reactor

2013 ◽  
pp. 435-463
Author(s):  
M. De Falco ◽  
A. Basile
Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Homa Hamedi ◽  
Torsten Brinkmann ◽  
Sergey Shishatskiy

Water-selective membrane reactors are proposed in the literature to improve methanol yield for a standalone reactor. However, the methanol productivity is not a precise metric to show the system improvement since, with this approach, we do not consider the amount of energy loss through the undesirable co-permeation of H2, which could otherwise remain on the reaction side at high pressure. In other words, the effectiveness of this new technology should be evaluated at a process flowsheet level to assess its advantages and disadvantages on the overall system performance and, more importantly, to identify the minimum required properties of the membrane. Therefore, an equation-based model for a membrane reactor, developed in Aspen Custom Modeler, was incorporated within the process flowsheet of the methanol plant to develop an integrated process framework to conduct the investigation. We determined the upper limit of the power-saving at 32% by exploring the favorable conditions wherein a conceptual water selective membrane reactor proves more effective. Using these suboptimal conditions, we realized that the minimum required H2O/H2 selectivity is 190 and 970 based on the exergy analysis and overall power requirement, respectively. According to our results, the permselectivity of membranes synthesized for this application in the literature, showing improvements in the one-pass conversion, is well below the minimum requirement when the overall methanol synthesis process flowsheet comes into consideration.


Author(s):  
I. G. Wenten ◽  
K. Khoiruddin ◽  
R. R. Mukti ◽  
W. Rahmah ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
...  

Coupling chemical reaction with membrane separation or known as membrane reactor (MR) has been demonstrated by numerous studies and showed that this strategy has successfully addressed the goal of process intensification.


2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sichao Cheng ◽  
Su Cheun Oh ◽  
Mann Sakbodin ◽  
Limei Qiu ◽  
Yuxia Diao ◽  
...  

Direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC) converts methane (CH4) in one step to olefin and aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrogen (H2) co-product. Membrane reactors comprising methane activation catalysts and H2-permeable membranes can enhance methane conversion by in situ H2 removal via Le Chatelier's principle. Rigorous description of H2 kinetic effects on both membrane and catalyst materials in the membrane reactor, however, has been rarely studied. In this work, we report the impact of hydrogen activation by hydrogen-permeable SrCe0.8Zr0.2O3−δ (SCZO) perovskite oxide material on DNMC over an iron/silica catalyst. The SCZO oxide has mixed ionic and electronic conductivity and is capable of H2 activation into protons and electrons for H2 permeation. In the fixed-bed reactor packed with a mixture of SCZO oxide and iron/silica catalyst, stable and high methane conversion and low coke selectivity in DNMC was achieved by co-feeding of H2 in methane stream. The characterizations show that SCZO activates H2 to favor “soft coke” formation on the catalyst. The SCZO could absorb H2in situ to lower its local concentration to mitigate the reverse reaction of DNMC in the tested conditions. The co-existence of H2 co-feed, SCZO oxide, and DNMC catalyst in the present study mimics the conditions of DNMC in the H2-permeable SCZO membrane reactor. The findings in this work offer the mechanistic understanding of and guidance for the design of H2-permeable membrane reactors for DNMC and other alkane dehydrogenation reactions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01042
Author(s):  
Lei Chao ◽  
Feilong Chen ◽  
Yi Han ◽  
Yafeng Li

Lower consumption, higher efficiency, environmental protection, and reliability are the development trends for the treatment of antibiotic wastewater in future. To accomplish this, the electrochemical membrane reactor (ECMR) is developed by combining membrane filtration and electrochemical advanced oxidation technology. The device configuration and working mode of the electrochemical membrane reactor are introduced and compared. Besides, the principles of the removal of antibiotics by the reactor are explained with emphasis. Furthermore, the commonly used cathode and anode materials of the reactor in the current research are summarized, and the electrode materials are discussed. The effects of selection and modification on the elimination of antibiotics in the reactor and the impact are analysed. To address the limitations of electrochemical membrane reactors, this review proposes that more research should be done in the aspects of antibiotic degradation mechanism, reduction of membrane electrode R&D costs, and actual application of amplification devices.


2012 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
György Thalmaier ◽  
Ioan Vida-Simiti ◽  
N. Jumate ◽  
Viorel Aurel Şerban ◽  
C. Codrean ◽  
...  

Nickel–titanium- group 5A metal (V, Nb, Ta, Zr) alloys are known as promising hydrogen-selective membrane materials. They can potentially be used in membrane reactors, which can produce high-purity H2 and CO2 streams from coal-derived syngas at elevated temperatures. The master alloys were prepared by arc melting using high purity metals in a Ti-gettered argon atmosphere. The alloys were melted several times in order to improve homogeneity. The ingots were induction-melted under a high-purity argon atmosphere in a quartz tube and graphite crucible injected through a nozzle onto a Cu wheel to produce rapidly solidified amorphous ribbons. Thermal stability of the Ni40Ti40Nb20 and Ni32Ti48Nb20 thin tapes has been examined using DTA analysis.


Author(s):  
Roxanna S Delima ◽  
Mia Stankovic ◽  
Ben P. MacLeod ◽  
Arthur G. Fink ◽  
Michael B. Rooney ◽  
...  

Electrocatalytic palladium membrane reactors (ePMRs) use electricity and water to drive hydrogenation reactions without ever forming H2 gas. In these reactors, a palladium membrane physically separates electrochemical hydrogen formation in...


2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (37) ◽  
pp. 16170-16184
Author(s):  
A. Catarina Faria ◽  
C. V. Miguel ◽  
A. E. Rodrigues ◽  
L. M. Madeira

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Shelepova ◽  
A.A. Vedyagin ◽  
I.V. Mishakov ◽  
A.S. Noskov

AbstractThe modeling of ethylbenzene dehydrogenation in a catalytic membrane reactor has been carried out for porous membrane by means of two-dimensional, non-isothermal stationary mathematical model. A mathematical model of the catalytic membrane reactor was applied, in order to study the effects of transport properties of the porous membrane on process performance. The performed modeling of the heat and mass transfer processes within the porous membrane, allowed us to estimate the efficiency of its use in membrane reactors, in comparison with a dense membrane (with additional oxidation of the hydrogen in shell side). The use of a porous ceramic membrane was found to cause an increase of the ethylbenzene conversion at 600°C, up to 93 %, while the conversion in the case of conventional reactor was 67%. In this work, we defined the key parameter values of porous membrane (pore diameter and thickness) for ethylbenzene dehydrogenation in catalytic membrane reactor, at which the highest conversion of ethylbenzene and styrene selectivity can be reached.


Author(s):  
Shashi Kumar ◽  
Sukrit Shankar ◽  
Pushan R. Shah ◽  
Surendra Kumar

Catalytic membrane reactors are multifunctional reactors, which provide improved performance over conventional reactors. These are used mainly for conducting hydrogenation/ dehydrogenation reactions, and synthesis of oxyorganic compounds by using inorganic membranes. In this paper, comprehensive model has been developed for a tubular membrane reactor, which is applicable to Pd or Pd alloys membrane, porous inorganic membranes. The model accounts for the reaction on either side, tube or shell, isothermal and adiabatic conditions, reactive and non reactive sweep gas, multicomponent diffusion through gas films on both sides of membrane, and pressure variations. Equations governing the diffusion of gaseous components through stagnant gas film, and membranes have been identified and described. The model has been validated with the experimental results available in literature. By using the developed model catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to produce styrene in a tubular membrane reactor have been simulated. Four catalysts available for this reaction have been evaluated for their performance. It is our view that the model may be used to develop general purpose software for the analysis and design of tubular catalytic membrane reactors through numerical simulation.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sing Long Wei ◽  
Azlina Harun@Kamaruddin ◽  
Subhash Bhatia

Kepentingan kekiralan dalam aktiviti farmaseutikal telah menuntut kaedah yang berproduktif tinggi dan ekonomik untuk mensintesis enantiomer tulen secara komersil. Ubat moden kerap mengunakan enantiomer daripada suatu campuran stereo–isomer. Permintaan terhadap agen terapeutik yang tulen secara optik menjadi semakin kritikal kerana cirinya yang lebih spesifik berbanding campuran rasemik. Walau bagaimanapun, teknologi konvesional yang dipraktikkan selama ini menghasilkan campuran kedua-dua enantiomer yang sukar dipisahkan. Dalam konteks ini, resolusi berenzim ialah suatu cara untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Resolusi kinetik ialah suatu kaedah yang membolehkan pecahan substratum baki dihasilkan dengan ketulenan enantiomer yang tinggi. Secara unggul, satu daripada enantiomer bertindak balas secara enantiopilihan dengan kadar yang lebih cepat bagi suatu entiti kiral. Sebagai suatu teknologi yang berpotensi tinggi dalam penghasilan enantiomer spesifik, reaktor membran berenzim (EMR) berjaya mengatasi kekurangan yang dialami oleh sistem konvensional. Reaktor membran berenzim menggabungkan pengangkutan jisim memilih dengan tindak balas kimia, dan penyingkiran memilih produk daripada medium tindak balas. Ciri unggul yang ditunjukkan oleh reaktor membran berenzim ialah keupayaannya meningkatkan penghasilan tindak balas berenzim yang berbentuk perencat produk atau tindak balas yang tak sesuai secara termodinamik. Berbanding lipase lain yang ada, lipase daripada Candida rugosa dianggap sebagai suatu biomangkin yang unggul bagi resolusi campuran ester dan alkohol, kerana lipase ini bertindak secara enantiopilihan dan memangkin pensistesisan enantiomer melalui tindak balas hidrolisis. Dalam kertas kerja ini, penggunaan sistem EMR lipase tak boleh gerak terhadap perkembangan teknologi kiral dibincangkan secara umum, dengan tumpuan khusus diberikan terhadap penghasilan drug kiral. Kata kunci: Drug kiral; ketulenan secara optik; enantiomer; resolusi kinetik; reaktor membran berenzim The increasing popularity of chirality in pharmaceutical activity has stimulated an increasing demand for economical and high productive methods for commercial synthesis of pure enantiomers. Modern medicines often call for just one enantiomer of a stereo–isomer. The demand for these optically pure therapeutic agents is becoming more stringent due to its more–specific characteristic than racemic mixtures. However, conventional technologies yield a mixture of both isomers which are difficult to separate. In this context, enzymatic resolution is a subject of recent investigation, where high efficiency of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalyzed multiphase chemistries is being explored. Kinetic resolution is a method in which the residual substrate fraction can be obtained in high enantiomeric purity. Ideally one enantiomer reacts faster than the other with a chiral entity. As a potential technology for the production of specific enantiomer, enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR) has been reported to overcome some of the limitations of the conventional system. Enzymatic membrane reactors combine selective mass transport with chemical reactions, and the selective removal of products from the reaction site increases the conversion of product–inhibited or thermodynamically unfavorable reactions. Of all the lipase available, lipase from Cadida rugosa is given particular attention as an ideal biocatalyst for the resolution of racemic esters and alcohols, as it acts enantioselectively and prefers to catalyze the synthesis of one of the enantiomers using hydrolysis with higher preference. In this paper, the authors presented a review of unique potential application of lipase–immobilized EMR systems towards the development of chirotechnology that has been presented which mainly focuses on chiral drugs production. Key words: Chiral drugs, optical purity; enantiomers; kinetic resolution; enzymatic membrane reactors


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